Math Lecture - 03: Student

STUDENT COPY
MBA
Name : Batch:
MATH LECTURE - 03
Part Contents Arithmetic Page
1 CLASS PRACTICE 03
• L.C.M & H.C.F
• FRACTION
• PERCENTAGE & DEVIATION
• PROFIT-LOSS, MARK-UP, MARK-DOWN
• FACE VALUE OF CURRENCIES
2 TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT 06
3 REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE 08
REVIEW TEST 10
TM
e d u c a t i o n s t u d y a b r o a d
PART I: CLASS PRACTICE
GROUP 1: LCM & HCF
1. What is the smallest possible number that leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, 4, 5, and 7?
a. 141 b. 106 c. 421 d. 420 e. 85
2. What is the least number which when divided by 3, 4 and 5 leaves remainders of 1, 2 and 3
respectively?
a. 59 b. 58 c. 116 d. 118 e. 67
3. If x, y, z are positive integers and 4x = 3y = 5z, then what is the smallest value of x + y + z?
a. 12 b. 47 c. 60 d. 94 e. Cannot be determined
4. You have 18 apples, 27 mangoes and 54 bananas. You want to divide each kind of fruit equally
among the same number of children so that no fruit remains left. What is the maximum number of
children who might get the fruit?
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 18 e. None of these
GROUP 2: FRACTION
5. A $1000 bonus must be divided among three people so that Mazhar receives twice as much as
1
Rashed, who receives as much as Asad. How much money should Asad receive?
5
a. $100 b. $125 c. $250 d. $375 e. $625
6. In one classroom, exactly one-half of the seats are occupied. In another classroom with double the
seating capacity of the first, exactly three-quarters of the seats are occupied. If the students from both
rooms are transferred to a third, empty classroom that has a seating capacity exactly equal to the first
two combined, what fraction of the seats in the third classroom is occupied?
1 1 3 2 3
a. b. c. d. e.
4 3 8 3 4
1 2
7. A book dealer has some books in store of which were hardcover books. The dealer sold of the
5 3
3
books, including of the hardcover books. What fraction of the unsold books were hardcover books?
4
1 3 1 11 4
a. b. c. d. e.
10 20 5 20 5
2
8. After filling the car’s fuel tank, a driver drove from P to Q and then to R. She used of the fuel driving
5
1
from P to Q. If she used another 7 gallons to drive from Q to R and still had of a tank left, how
4
many gallons does the tank hold?
a. 12 b. 18 c. 20 d. 21 e. 35
9. In a certain year, the number of girls who graduated from City High School was twice the number of
3 5
boys. If of the girls and of the boys went to college immediately after graduation, what fraction of
4 6
the graduates that year went to college immediately after graduation?
5 12 7 29 31
a. b. c. d. e.
36 27 9 36 36
Copyright MENTRS’ IBA MBA Math-3 Dial: 48119310, 48811738, 222228059 www.mentors.com.bd | Page 3
GROUP 3: PERCENTAGE AND DEVIATION
10. What is 0.5 percent of 6.5?

a. 0.0325 b. 0.013 c. 0.325 d. 1.30 e. 130.0
11. Sami’s salary is 125% of Rajib’s salary. Abir’s salary is 80% of Rajib’s salary. The total of all three
salaries is $ 61,000. What is Abir’s salary?
a. $15,000 b. $16,000 c. $17,000 d. $18,000 e. $19,000
12. If 8% tax on a sale amounts to 96 paisa, what is the final price (including tax) of the item?
a. $1.20 b. $2.16 c. $6.36 d. $12.00 e. $12.96
13. Among the 100 students in a business school, 50% enrolled in a marketing course. Of the enrolled
students, 90% took the final exam. Two-thirds of the students who took the final exam passed it. How
many students failed in the final exam?
a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 30 e. 45
14. The price of sugar has increased by 60%. In order to restore the original price, the new price must be
reduced by:
a. 33.33% b. 35% c. 37.5% d. 60% e. 66.66%
15. As the price of mango has reduced 20%, it is now possible to buy 2 more mangoes at Tk. 12. What is
the price of 50 mangoes?
a. Tk. 30 b. Tk. 40 c. Tk. 50 d. Tk. 60 e. None
16. A chemist was preparing a solution that should have included 35 milligrams of a chemical. If he
actually used 36.4 milligrams, what was his percentage error?
a. 0.04% b. 0.05% c. 1.40% d. 3.85% e. 4.00%
GROUP 4: PROFIT - LOSS, MARK UP, MARK DOWN
17. A businessman buys 1,440 dozen pens at $2.50 a dozen and then sells them at a price of 25 cent a
piece. What is his total profit on the lot of pens?
a. $60.00 b. $72.00 c. $720.00 d. $874.00 e. $8,740.00
1
18. A retailer buys a radio from the wholesaler for $75.00. He then marks up the price by and sells it at
3
a discount of 20%. What was his profit on the radio?
a. $5.00 b. $6.67 c. $7.50 d. $10.00 e. $13.33
19. A store usually sells a certain item at 40% profit. One week, the store has a sale, during which the
item is sold for 10% less than the usual price. During the sale, what is the percent profit the store
makes on each of these items?
a. 14% b. 24% c. 26% d. 30% e. 36%
20. Mr. Iraj usually makes a 45% profit on every radio he sells. During a sale, he reduces his margin of
profit to 40% while his sales increase by 10%. What is the ratio of his new total profit to the original
profit?
a. 1:1 b. 45:44 c. 8:9 d. 11:10 e. 44:45
21. A merchant marks a certain lamp up 20% above cost. Then he gives a customer a 10% discount. If
the final selling price of the lamp was $81, what was the original cost price?
a. $72.0 b. $74.25 c. $75.0 d. $75.75 e. $78.0
22. A retailer sold an old cell phone at 20% loss. If the selling price were Tk. 75 more, he could have
gained a profit of 10%. What was the cost price of the cell phone?
a. Tk. 180 b. Tk. 200 c. Tk. 220 d. Tk. 250 e. Tk. 300
GROUP 5: FACE VALUE OF CURRENCIES
23. A man spent exactly Tk. 2.50 on 3 paisa, 6 paisa, and 10 paisa stamps. If he bought ten 3 paisa
stamps and twice as many 6 paisa stamps as 10 paisa, how many 10 paisa stamps did he buy?
a. 5 b. 10 c. 12 d. 15 e. 20
24. Tanjila exchanged a dollar bill for change and received 7 coins, none of which were half-dollars. How
many of these coins were dimes?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 4 d.5 e. Cannot be determined from the information given
25. A person has 112 taka. He has twice as many 5 taka notes as he has 10 taka notes. Other than
these, he has only 2 taka notes. Find the minimum number of 2 taka notes he must have.
PART II: TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT
1. What is the least number when divided by 3, 4 and 5 leaves a remainder of 2 in each case but when
divided by 7 leaves nothing?
a. 60 b. 62 c. 122 d. 182 e. None
2. If p, q, r are positive integers and 2p = 6q = 7r, then what is the smallest value of p – q – r?
a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9 e. 13
3. What is the smallest number which when divided by 7 & 9 leaves a remainder of 2 & 4 respectively?
a. 44 b. 56 c. 58 d. 63 e. 65
4. The H.C.F. and L.C.M. of two numbers are 6 and 36 respectively. If one of the numbers is 12, find the
other number.
a. 9 b. 18 c. 27 d. 36 e. None
5. A candy bar weighing 4 ounces costs ‘c’ cents. If the size of the candy bar is reduced to 3.6 ounces
while the price remains the same, the old price per ounce is what fraction of the new price per ounce?
3 9c 10 9 9
a. b. c. d. e.
4 10 9 10c 10
5
6. Only sophomores, juniors and seniors attended a school meeting. of those who attended were
12
1
juniors, and were seniors. If 36 sophomores attended the meeting, what was the total number of
3
students who attended the meeting?
a. 108 b. 144 c. 252 d. 288 e. 300
4
7. Three friends ate dinner at a restaurant. When they settled the check, Amit paid as much as Johny
5
1
paid, and Johny paid as much as Rahat paid. What fraction of the check did Johny pay?
3
15 12 5 1 1
a. b. c. d. e.
24 31 24 6 24
8. Cereal costs 1/3 as much as mushroom. Mushroom costs 5/4 as much as eggs. Eggs cost what
fraction of the cost of cereal?
5 4 5 5 12
a. b. c. d. e.
12 5 4 3 5
9. Tk. 336 is divided between A & B so that A gets 5/16th of what B gets. What amount does A get?
a. Tk. 105 b. Tk. 80 c. Tk. 75 d. Tk. 125 e. Tk. 100
3
10. By how much is larger than 20% of 2?
7
1 1 1 1 1
a. b. c. d. e.
20 25 30 35 40
11. Successive discounts of 20% and 12% are equivalent to a single discount of:
a. 16.0% b. 29.6% c. 32.4% d. 32.0% e. 33.7%
12. In June, a basketball team that played 60 games had won 30% of its games played. After a
phenomenal winning streak this team raised its average to 50%. How many games must the team
have won in a row to attain this average?
a. 20 b. 22 c. 24 d. 26 e. 28
13. In reading a Thermometer, Tazrian mistakenly observed a temperature of 72 instead of 77. What
was her percentage of error (to the nearest hundredth of a percent)?
a. 5.0% b. 6.50% c. 6.74% d. 6.82% e. 6.95%
14. A bus uses one gallon of gasoline to travel 20 miles. After a tune-up, the bus travels 5% farther on
one gallon. How many gallons of gasoline will it take for the bus to travel 210 miles after a tune-up?
a. 10 b. 10.5 c. 11 d. 20 e. 21
15. A group of people contributed to a charity fund. 30% of them contributed $40 each, 45% contributed
$20 each, and the rest contributed $12 each. What percentage of the total contribution came from
people who gave $40?
a. 25% b. 30% c. 40% d. 45% e. 50%
16. A house cost Mr. Naseem C dollars in 1986. Three years later, he sold the house for 25% more than
what he paid for it. He has to pay a tax of 50% of the gain. How much tax must Mr. Naseem pay?
C C C C
a. C b. c. d. e.
2 4 6 8
17. A Denim Jacket marked $96 is offered for $72. What is the rate of discount on the marked price?
a. 25% b. 27% c. 30% d. 33% e. 36%
18. Profit triples when the selling price doubles. Find the profit percentage at original selling price?
a. 25 b. 50 c. 100 d. 150 e. None
19. A dealer sold 20 pens for Tk. 60 and gained 20%. How many pens did he buy for Tk. 60?
a. 30 b. 26 c. 24 d. 25 e. 22
20. A merchant buys an old carpet for $25.00. He spends $15.00 to have it restored to good condition
and then sells the carpet for $50.00. What is the percent profit on his total investment?
2
a. 20% b. 25% c. 40% d. 66 % e. 100%
3
21. A lamp is manufactured to sell for $35.00, which yields a profit of 25% of the cost. If the profit is to be
reduced to 15% of the cost, how much will the new retail price be?
a. $30.40 b. $31.60 c. $32.20 d. $33.00 e. $34.20
22. A merchant increased the original price of an item by 10 percent. If she then reduces the new price
by 10 percent, the final result in terms of the original price is:
a. a decrease of 11 percent b. a decrease of 1 percent c. no net change
d. an increase of 1 percent e. an increase of 11 percent
23. A man has twice as many 25-paisa coins as he has 10-paisa coins now. If he had taka 1.50 more in
hand and replaced it with all 10-paisa coins, he would have twice as many 10-paisa coins as he has
25-paisa coins. How many 25-paisa coins does he have now?
a.5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20 e. 25
24. You have only dimes and quarters. How many dimes you can take at most to make it a dollar if you
have to take a quarter at least?
a. 0 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7 e. 10
25. You have only 5-taka, 10-taka, 50-taka, and 100-taka notes in your wallet and altogether you have 20
notes there. Suddenly you found 4 notes are missing. What is the minimum amount of money you
could lose?
a. tk. 400 b. tk. 165 c. tk. 100 d. tk. 20 e. Cannot be determined
PART III: REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE
Ratio and Proportion:

In solving ratios or proportions that have units of measurement (feet, seconds, miles, etc.), each ratio
must have the same unit. For example, if we have the ratio 5 inches: 3 feet, we must convert the 3 feet to
36 inches and then set up the ratio 5 inches: 36 inches or 5:36.
1
An alternative solution to this is: 5× ( 5  1/12) feet: 3 feet = 5 feet: 36 feet, or again, 5:36.
12
Example: On a blueprint, a rectangle measures 6 inches in width and 9 inches in length. If the actual
width of the rectangle is 16 inches, how many feet are there in the length?
Solution: We set up the proportions, 6 inches: 9 inches = 16 inches: x feet. Since x feet is equal to 12x
inches, we substitute this value in the proportion, Thus, 6 inches: 9 inches = 16 inches: 12x
inches. Since all of the units are now the same, we may work with the numbers alone. In
fractional terms we have 6/9 = 16/12x. Cross multiplication gives us 72x = 144 and solving for x
gives us x = 2. The rectangle is 2 feet long.
Finding a Specific Value
Example: If a fence is 120 feet long and post are set 5 feet apart, how many posts are needed?
Solution: Divide the length by the distance between two posts, i.e. 120/5 = 24,
Then add 1 with that, i.e. 24+1 = 25 posts
Note: If the fence is open on both sides, you have to add 1 with the division result.
Example: If a triangular garden has a perimeter of 120 feet and has a fence around it, how many post
are required if they are set 5 feet apart?
Solution: Divide the perimeter of the garden by the distance between two posts, i.e. 120/5 = 24 posts,
It’s the answer in this case.
Note: If the fence is around an enclosed area, like: triangular/ circular/ rectangular garden, you don’t need
to add anything with the division result.
Unitary Method
This is a technique for solving particular types of problems. It is a method of carrying out a calculation to
find the value of a number of items by first finding the value of 1 unit of them. Hence, it involves scaling
down one of the variables to a single unit, i.e. 1, and then performing the operation necessary to alter it to
the desired value.
Example: If 6 men can do a particular work in 3 days, how many days will it take for 9 men to finish the
work?
Solution: Consider the work of 1 man first!
1 man can do it in 6 x 3 = 18 days.
So 9 men will do it in 18/9 = 2 days.
Simple Interest:
If a person borrows some money from someone for a certain period then the borrower has to pay some
extra money, called interest (I) on the money borrowed for that period. The money borrowed is called
principle (P) and the total sum comprising of principle and the interest is called the amount (A). If the
interest on a certain sum borrowed for a certain period is reckoned uniformly, then it is called simple
interest.
If Amount = A, Principle = P, Interest = I, Time = T (in year), Rate of interest per annum = R
PRT
i. I 
100
P(100  RT)
ii. A 
100
Compound Interest:
Money is to be lent at compound interest when at the end of a year or other fixed period the interest that
has become due is not paid, but is added to the sum lent, and the amount thus obtained becomes the
principle for the next period. The process is repeated until the amount for the last period has been found.
The difference between the original principle and the final amount is the required compound interest.
r t
i. Amount after compound interest is applied = P(1 )
100
r t
ii. Compound interest = P(1  ) P
100
Average / Mean, Median
Sum of the numbers

Average / Arithmetic mean =
No. of the numbers
Example: The average of 10, 15, 45 and 50 is (10+15+45+50) / 4 = 30.

In problems requiring you to supply a missing value in order to obtain a specific average, first
determine the required sum and then compare it with the given sum. Consider this problem: What
number must be added to 5, 6, 9, and 11 to have an average of 7? You will have five numbers. The
required sum is 7 5 or 35. The sum of 5, 6, 9, and 11 is 31. Therefore, the number to be added is 4.
Median: Median is the exact middle one of some given numbers when they are arranged in ascending
or descending order.
For example: What is the median of 23, 12, 17, 11 and 35?
Step 1: Arrange the given numbers in ascending or descending order. We get 11, 12, 17, 23, 35 in
ascending order or 35, 23, 17, 12, 11 in descending order.
Step 2: Find the exact middle one, which is 17 in both the case.
So the median is 17.
Review Test on Lecture 2
Name……………………….. 10 Questions 10 minutes Batch……….
1. If x = 2k – 2 and y = 4k2, what is y in terms of x?

(x  2) 2 (x  2) 2
a. x + 2 b. (x + 2)2 c. d. e. x2 + 4
2 4
2. If x = 0, and y = 2, and x2yz + 3xz2 + y2z + 3y + 4x = 0, what is the value of z?

4 3 3 4
a.  b.  c. d. e. Cannot be determined
3 2 4 3
3. For all numbers x and y, x # y = xy + x. If 2 # 3 = k # 7, then k =

a. 0 b. 1 c. 4 d. 5 e. 7
4. If p and r are integers such that, p  0, and p = –r, which of the following must be true?
a. p < r b. p > r c. p + r < 0 d. p - r < 0 e. pr < 0
5. If x is an integer, which of the following could NOT equal x 3?

a. –8 b. 0 c. 1 d. 16 e. 27
6. If x + y > 8 and x – y > 2, which of the following describes all possible values of x?
a. x > 2 b. x > 3 c. x > 5
d. x > 8 e. x < 5
7. If x ≠ 0, then (x5)2  x3 =
a. 1 b. x2 c. x10 d. x13 e. x28
8. The number 23.545 rounded off to the nearest hundredth is equal to which of the following?
a. 23.50 b. 23.54 c. 23.55 d. 23.60 e. 24.00
9. If x : y = 7 : 2 and y : z = 5 : 9, what is the ratio of z to x ?

a. 7:9 b. 9:7 c. 35:18 d. 18:35 e. None
10. If –1 < x < 0, which of the following statements must be true?

a. x < x2 < x3 b. x < x3 < x2 c. x2 < x < x3 d. x2 < x3 < x e. x2 < x < x3
Answer Sheet
1.
V E
2. SCORE……………
X
3.
S
4.
D
5. S
6. D REMARKS
7. S
8.
S
S
9.
A
10.
STUDENT COPY
MBA
Name : Batch:
MATH LECTURE - 04
1 CLASS PRACTICE 03
• RATIO & PROPORTION
• FINDING A SPECIFIC VALUE / AGE
• UNITARY METHOD
• SIMPLE & COMPOUND INTEREST
• AVERAGE / MEAN, MEDIAN
REVIEW TEST 10
TM
GROUP 1: RATIO & PROPORTION

1
1. On a blueprint of a park, 1 foot represents 1 mile. If an error of inch is made in reading the
4
blueprint, what will be the corresponding error on the actual park? [1 mile = 5280 feet]
a. 110 feet b. 220 feet c. 330 feet d. 440 feet e. None of these
2. The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls in Mentors’ is 5:4. If total number of students
in Mentors’ at present is 72, how many girls should join to make the ratio 1:2?
3. A jar contains black and white marbles. If there are 20 marbles in the jar, all of the following could
be the ratio of black to white marbles EXCEPT:
a. 9:1 b. 7:3 c. 1:1 d. 1:4 e. 1:10
4. Seats for Mathematics, Physics and Biology in a university are in the ratio of 5:7:8. There is a
proposal to increase the seats by 40%, 50% and 75% respectively. What will be the ratio of
increased seats?
d. Remain the e. None
a. 2:3:4 b. 2:3:4 c. 2:3:4
same
5. What is the fourth proportional of 3,9 and 4?
GROUP 2: FINDING A SPECIFIC VALUE / AGE
6. A fence 320 feet long has wooden posts each 40 feet apart. How many posts are there?
a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10 e. 11
7. A triangular garden has three border sides of 13, 12, and 5 meters respectively. There is a fence
around it with wooden posts each 3 meters apart. How many posts are there?
a. 9 b. 10 c. 11 d. 13 e. None on these
8. Henry is twice as old as Jack, who is three years older than Paul. If Henry’s age is five times Paul’s
age, how old in years is Jack?
a. 2 b. 4 c. 5 d. 8 e. 10
9. Few years back when a couple got married, husband was 5 years older than his wife. However, 20
years back, husband was twice as old as his wife. How old is the wife now?
a. 20 years b. 24 years c. 25 years d. 30 years e. Cannot be determined
GROUP 3: UNITARY METHOD
10. If 8 men can cut down 28 trees in one day, how many trees can 20 men cut down in one day?
a. 28 trees b. 100 trees c. 160 trees d. 70 trees e. 80 trees
11. 2 men or 3 women can survive with some food for 10 days. 4 men and 3 women together can
survive with the same food for how many days?
8 3 10 11
a. b. c. 3 d. e.
3 10 3 2
12. 7 workers can dig a canal in 14 weeks by working 8 hours daily. In how many weeks, 14 workers
can do the same work by working 7 hours daily?
13. P people can live on X kg of rice for D days. Then Q people can live on Y kg of rice for how many
days?
DPY DPX DXY DPQ
a. b. c. d. e. None of these
XQ YQ PQ XY
GROUP 4: SIMPLE & COMPOUND INTEREST
14. How much simple interest will $2000 earn in 18 months at an annual rate of 6%?
a. Tk. 90 b. 120 c. 140 d. 160 e. 180
15. A moneylender charged Tk. 25 as simple interest on a loan of Tk. 150 for 1/6 years. What was the
rate of interest per annum?
a. 125 b. 50 c. 75 d. 25 e. 100
16. In how many years taka 1800 will become taka 2250 if the simple interest rate is 5% p.a.?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 e. None
17. Nazia puts Tk. 100 in the bank for two years at 5% interest compounded annually. At the end of the
two years, what will be her balance?
a. Tk. 100.00 b. Tk. 105.00 c. Tk. 105.25 d. Tk. 110.00 e. Tk. 110.25
18. A sum of money was put into bank. After 1 year the money grew to $330. If the rate of interest was
10% compounded annually, what was the initial amount put into the bank?
a. $250 b. $280 c. $300 d. $310 e. None of these
19. If Tk. 1,000 is invested in an account paying 10% compounded monthly, how much would be the
nearest ending balance at the end of 10 years?
a. Tk. 2,000 b. Tk. 2,800 c. Tk.3,100 d. Tk. Tk. 3,500 e. None of these
GROUP 5: AVERAGE / MEAN, MEDIAN

20. In order to graduate, a boy needs an average of 65 percent for his five major subjects. His first four
grades were 55, 60, 65, and 65. What grade does he need in the fifth subject in order to graduate?
a. 65 b. 70 c. 75 d. 80 e. 85
21. The average age of a committee of 8 members is 40 years. A member aged 55 years retired and
another member aged 39 years took his place. The average age of the present committee is:
a. 29 years b. 38 years c. 21 years d. 25 years e. None of these
22. The average age of 5 children is 8 years. If the age of the father is included, it is increased by 7
years. Find the age of the father.
23. The average height of a group of 25 students goes up by 2 cm when a new student of height 165
cm replaces an old student from the group. The height of the boy who went out of the group was:
a. 115 cm b. 112 cm c. 114 cm d. 116 cm e. None of these
24. The average age of a husband and wife, who were married 7 years ago, was 25 years. At present,
the average age of the family including the husband, the wife and a child who was born during the
interval is 22 years. How old is the child now?
Test Score Number of students

90 2
85 1
80 1
60 3
25. The test scores of 7 students are shown above. Let ‘M’ and ‘m’ be the median and mean scores
respectively. What is the value of M – m?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 e. 7
PART II: TAKE HOME ASSIGNMENT
1. Which of the following expresses the ratio of 3 inches to 2 yards?

a. 3:2 b. 1:9 c. 1:4 d. 1:8 e. 1:24
1 1
2. If of the girls at a school equals of the total number of students, then what is the ratio of girls
3 5
to boys at that school?
a. 5:3 b. 3:2 c. 2:5 d. 1:3 e. 1:5
3. During a certain shift, a quality control inspector inspected 6 out of every 30 items produced. What
was the ratio of inspected to un-inspected items during that shift?
d. 5:1 e. 6:1
a. 1:4 b. 1: 5 c. 1:6
4. If the ratio of Shafin's allowance to Alif's allowance is 3:2, and the ratio of Alif's allowance to Emon's
allowance is 3:4, what is the ratio of Safin's allowance to Emon's allowance?
a. 8:9 b. 2: 5 c. 1:2 d. 3:4 e. 9:8
5. On a map, 1 inch represents 1000 miles. If the area of a country is actually 16 million square miles,
what is the area of the country’s representation on the map?
a. 4 sq. inches b. 16 sq. inches c. 4,000 sq. inches
d. 16,000 sq. inches e. 4 10 sq. Inches
6
6. A fence open on both sides has 26 wooden posts each 10 feet apart. What is the length of the
fence?
a. 225 feet b. 250 feet c. 260 feet d. 270 feet e. None of these
7. A square garden has a side of 6 meter and the garden is surrounded by a fence which has posts
each 3 meters apart. How many posts are there?
8. A father is four times older than his son. However, 20 years later, he will be only twice as old as the
son. What is the father’s present age?
a. 10 years b. 24 years c. 26 years d. 40 years e. 42 years
9. 6 years ago, a father was seven times as old as his son. Again, 4 years later, the father will be only
thrice as old as his son. How old is the son now?
d. 41 years e. 45 years
a. 5 years b. 11 years c. 15 years
10. Kalam has three daughters: Shaila, Meena and Tina. Three years ago, when Kalam was twice as
old as Tina, he was 30 years older than Meena. Now he is 47 years older than Shaila. In 4 years,
Shaila will be half as old as Tina. What is the sum of the current ages of Kalam and his three
daughters?
11. If 10 men can survive for 24 days on 15 cans of rations, how many cans will be needed for 8 men to
survive for 36 days?
a. 15 cans b. 16 cans c. 17 cans d. 18 cans e. 19 cans
12. If four men need tk. 24.00 worth of food for a three-day camping trip, how much will two men need
for a two-week trip?
a. tk. 12.00 b. tk. 24.00 c. tk. 28.00 d. tk. 42 e. tk. 56
13. If 12 men and 16 women can do a piece of work in 5 days and 13 men and 24 women can do it in 4
days, how long will 7 men and 10 women take to do it?
a. 4.2 days b. 6.8 days c. 8.3 days d. 9.8 days e. 10.2 days
14. A sum of money at compound interest amounts to thrice itself in 3 years. In how many years will it
be 9 times itself?
a.18 b. 12 c. 9 d. 6 e. 10
15. Tk. 75 is charged as a simple interest on a loan which is taken for 3 years at an interest rate of 5%
per annum. What was the amount of loan in taka?
a. 225 b. 350 c. 475 d. 500 e. 550
16. In how many years taka 1500 will become taka 1860 if the simple interest rate is 6% p.a.?
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 e. None
17. Rumana puts Tk. 1000 in the bank for two years at 10% interest compounded annually. At the end
of the two years, what will be her balance?
a. Tk. 210 b. Tk. 1100 c. Tk. 1200 d. Tk. 1210 e. Tk. None
18. A sum of $5000 was taken as a loan. After 1 year the money grew to $5500 by compounding
annually. What was the rate of interest per annum?
a. 5% b. 8% c. 10% d. 12% e. None of these
19. The average allowance per head of the entire staff of an office including the officers and the clerks
is Tk. 60. The average allowance per head of the officers is Tk. 400 and that of the clerks is Tk. 56.
If there are twelve officers, find the number of clerks in the office.
20. The average expenditure of a man for the first five months is Tk. 120 and for the next seven months,
it is Tk. 130. Find his monthly average income if he saves Tk. 290 during the year.
a. Tk. 140 b. Tk. 150 c. Tk. 350 d. Tk. 450 e. None of these
21. 1, 3, 4, 5, 11 - two different numbers will be chosen from the list of these 5 numbers. Of the
following, which could be the average (arithmetic mean) of the two numbers?
i. 3 ii. 4 iii. 6
a. i only b. ii only c. i and ii only d. i, ii, and, iii e. i and iii only
22. The average of the runs made by 10 players in a cricket team of 11 players is 43. If the eleventh
player’s runs are also considered, the average of 11 players’ run decreases by 1. How many runs
did the eleventh player score?
23. The average temperature of a town in the first four days of a month was 58. The average for the
second, third, fourth and fifth days was 66. If the temperatures on the first and the fifth days were in
the ratio 7:11, find the temperature on these days.
a. 56, 88 b. 60, 70 c. 80, 65 d. 35, 55 e. None of these
24. Jill buys 16 cookies, Bella buys 12 cookies, and Catharine buys ‘x’ cookies. The average number of
cookies the three of them bought is between 19 and 23, inclusive. What is the smallest number of
cookies Catharine could have bought?
a. 35 b. 31 c. 30 d. 29 e. 28
25. If the average of 5 consecutive even integers is n, what is the median of these 5 integers?
a. 0 b. 2 c. n d. n – 2 e. n – 4
Speed, Distance and Time
Distance = Speed  Time
Example: Peter can walk a mile in 10 minutes. He can travel a mile on his bicycle in 2 minutes. How far
away is his uncle’s house if Peter can walk there and return on his bicycle back in 1 hour exactly?
Solution: To solve a rate problem such as the one above, follow these steps:
Step 1: Determine the names of the quantities that represent input, output, and rate in the problem
you are doing. In the example, Peter’s input is time and his output is distance. His rate will be
distance per unit of time, which is commonly called speed.
Step 2: Write down the fundamental relationship in terms of the quantities mentioned, making each
the heading of the column. In the example, set up the table like this:
Speed  Time = Distance

Step 3: Directly below the name of each quantity, write the unit of measurement in terms of the
answer you want. Your choice of unit should be the most convenient one, but remember, once you
have chosen a unit, you must convert all quantities to that unit.
We must select a unit of time. Since a minute was the unit used in this problem, it is the most logical
choice. Similarly, we will choose a mile for our unit of distance. Speed (which is the ratio of distance
to time) will therefore be expressed in miles per minute, usually abbreviated as mile/min. Thus, our
chart now looks like this:
mile/min Minutes Miles
Step 4: The problem will mention various situations in which some quantity of input is used to get a
certain quantity of output. Represent each of these situations on a different line of the table, leaving
blanks for unknown quantities.
In the sample problem, four situations are mentioned: Peter can walk a mile in 10 minutes; he can
cover a mile on his bicycle in 2 minutes; he walks to his uncle’s house; and he returns on his bicycle
home. In the diagram, with the appropriate boxes filled, the problem will look like this:

1. Walking 10 1
2. Bicycling 2 1
3. Walking
4. Bicycling
Step 5: From the chart and from the relationship at the top of the chart, quantities for filling some of
the empty spaces may become obvious. Fill in these values directly.
In the example, on the first line of the chart, we see that the walking speed times 10 equals 1. Thus,
the walking speed is 0.1 mi./min. (mi./min.  10 = 1 mi; mi/min = 1 mi./10 min. = 0.1). Similarly, on the
second one, we see that the bicycle speed (0.05) shown on line 2. Adding this information to our
table, we get:

1. Walking 0.1 10 1
2. Bicycling 0.5 2 1
3. Walking 0.1
4. Bicycling 0.5
Step 6: Next, fill in the blanks with algebraic expressions to represent the quantities indicated, being
careful to take advantage of simple relationships stated in the problem or appearing in the chart.
Continuing the example, we represent the time spent traveling shown on line 3 by x. According to the
fundamental relationship, the distance traveled on this trip must be 0.1x. Similarly, if y represents the
time shown on line 4, the distance traveled is 0.5y. Thus our chart now looks like this:
1. Walking 0.1 10 1
2. Bicycling 0.5 2 1
3. Walking 0.1 x 0.1x
4. Bicycling 0.5 y 0.5y
Step 7: Now, from the statement of the problem, you should be able to set up enough equations to
solve for all the unknowns. In the example, there are two facts, which we have not used yet. First,
since Peter is going to his uncle’s house and back, it is assumed that the distances covered on the
two trips are equal. Thus we get the equation: 0.1x = 0.5y. We are told that the total time to and from
his uncle’s house is one hour. Since we are using minutes as our unit of time, we convert the one
hour to 60 minutes. Thus we get the equation: x + y = 60. Solving these two equations (0.1x = 0.5y
and x + y = 60) algebraically, we find that x = 50 and y = 10.
Step 8: Now that you have all the information necessary, you can calculate the answer required. In
the sample problem, we are required to determine the distance to the uncle’s house which is 0.1x or
0.5y. Using x = 50 or y = 10 gives us the distance as 5 miles.
Example: In a sports car race, David gives Kenny a head start of 10 miles. David’s car goes 80 miles per
hour and Kenny’s car goes 60 miles per hour. How long should it take David to catch up to Kenny if they
both leave their starting marks at the same time?
Solution:
m/hr. Hours Miles
Kenny 60 X 60x
David 80 X 80x
From the statement of the problem, we know that David gave Kenny a 10 miles head start. In other
words, David’s distance is 10 more miles than Kenny’s distance. This can be stated algebraically as 60x
1
+ 10 = 80x that is, Kenny’s distance + 10 miles = David’s distance. Solving for x gives us x =
2
Rowing Boat, Current & Speed
Another common math word problem is "boat-in-the-river", current & finding speed. These are actually
just a variation of the dreaded uniform motion word problems. With the boat in the river problems, we
assume that the boat has a uniform speed in still water and that the speed of the water (or the speed of
the current in the river) is constant. You will be presented with a math word problem in which you have to
solve the speed of the boat (in still water, implied), or the speed of the river current, or the time spent
going upstream or the time going downstream or the distance travelled or some combination of these
variables.
Downstream means with the direction of the river current and Upstream means against the direction of
the river current.
With these problems, following variables may be used:
B = speed of the boat in still water
C = the speed of the current
Td = time spent going downstream
Tu = time spent going upstream
Dd = distance gone downstream
Du = distance gone upstream
As with other uniform motion problems, an important algebraic equation to remember is:
Distance = Speed x Time
As in downstream, we are going with the direction of current, so it will work to increase our speed. Hence,
we modify this slightly when we are going downstream to get the actual speed.
Dd = (B + C) x Td
So Downstream speed = B + C
That is, the speed (or rate) of the boat going downstream is the speed of the boat in still water plus the
speed of the current.
But in downstream, we are going against the direction of current, so it will work to decrease our speed.
So we have to change our distance equation to reflect this by subtracting the speed of the current from
the speed of the boat to get our speed.
Du = (B – C) x Tu
So Upstream speed = B– C
Train & Speed
This is just another version of speed, distance, time word problems and the same formula (Distance =
Speed x Time) will be used. Some important points to be kept in mind while solving this particular type of
problems. The principle about objects moving in opposite directions toward each other is- the relative
speed which comes into count is the sum of the speeds of that two objects. Hence, we add two speeds
when they move into opposite direction.
Again, when two objects move in the same direction, the relative speed is the difference between the
speeds of those objects. Thus we subtract the slower object’s speed from the faster object’s speed.
Solving this type of problems, we always use relative speed into the formula, distance = speed x time,
when both the objects are moving.
Nothing complicated about the distance or length! Irrespective to direction, when two objects have
significant lengths, you can always add the lengths of two objects to find out the distance/length that is to
be put in the formula; e.g. two trains crossing each other or a train crossing a bridge or a train crossing a
platform etc.
If one object doesn’t have any significant length, you don’t need to add anything with the length of the
train. Here, distance in the formula will only be the length of the train. Such cases may be- a train
crossing a certain point or a train crossing a man etc.
Review Test on lecture 3
Name……………………… 10 marks, 10 minutes
Batch…………..
1. What is the least number which when divided by 35 leaves a remainder of 25 and when divided by
45 leaves a remainder of 35?
a. 95 b. 305 c. 115 d. 345 e. 210
2. What is 0.05%, expressed as a fraction?
2 1 4 1 1
a. b. c. d. e.
5 20 25 200 2000
3. A certain company increased its price by 30%. But later, it was forced to cut back its price by 20%.
What was the net change in price?
a. A net decrease in price of more than 10% b. A net decrease in price of 10% or less
c. No net change in price d. A net increase in price of 10% or less
e. A net increase in price of more than 10%
4. Saimon bought a whip listed at Tk. 400. He was given 15% and 10% discounts respectively. How
much did he pay for the whip?
5. Mr. Safwan, who owns 2/3rd of a factory, sells half of his share for $ 33,333. How much is the value of
the entire factory?
a. $33,333 b. $50,000 c. $66,666 d. $75,000 e. $99,999
6. A dress shop marked down all merchandise as follows:
Group Regular price Sale price
A $60 $50
B $65 $55
C $70 $60
D $75 $65
E $80 $70
Which group of the merchandise was offered at the greatest rate of discount from its original price?
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E
7. A merchant marks a certain lamp up 30% above cost. Then he gives a customer a 15% discount. If
the final selling price of the lamp was $99, what was the approximate cost price?
a. $78 b. $86.20 c. $89.60 d. $92.50 e. $99
8. What is ‘a’ percent of ‘b’ divided by ‘b’ percent of ‘a’?
a b
a. b. c. a  b d. a e. 1
b a
9. Of the 120 people in a room, 3/5th are women. If 2/3rd of the people are married, what is the
maximum number of women in the room who could be unmarried?
a. 80 b. 72 c. 48 d. 40 e. 32
10. A man exchanged a dollar bill for change and received exactly 9 coins, which includes quarters,
dimes, and nickels. How many of these coins were nickels?
Answer Sheet
1. E
2.
V
SCORE…………….
3. X
4. S
5. D REMARKS
6.
7.
S
8. D
9. S
10. S
S
A
STUDENT COPY
MBA
Name : Batch:
MATH LECTURE - 05
1 CLASS PRACTICE 02
• SPEED, DISTANCE, TIME
• ROWING BOAT, CURRENT, SPEED
• TRAIN & SPEED
• COMPARING TRAVELED DISTANCES
REVIEW TEST 08
TM
GROUP 1: SPEED, DISTANCE, TIME
1. A bus went 300 miles from Dhaka to Khulna at an average rate of 80 mph. At what speed did it travel
on the way back if its average speed for the whole trip was 100 mph?
1 1
a. 120 mph b. 125 mph c. 133 mph d. 137 mph e. 150 mph
3 2
2. A man started walking at 2:25 pm. He walked down the road for half an hour at an average speed of
3 miles per hour. He waited 10 minutes for a bus there, which brought him back to his starting point
at 3:15 the same afternoon. What was the average speed of the bus?
a. 1.5 miles per hour b. 3 miles per hour c. 4.5 miles per hour
d. 6 miles per hour e. 9 miles per hour
3. A motorboat travels twice as fast when empty as when it is full. It travels 20 miles north with a cargo,
spends half an hour for unloading, and returns to its original port empty, taking 8 hours to complete
the entire trip. What is the speed of the motorboat when it is empty?
a. 3.75 mph b. 4 mph c. 7.5 mph d. 8 mph e. None of these
4. One third of a certain journey was covered at the speed of 20 km per hour, one fourth at the rate of
30 km per hour and the rest at the rate of 50 km per hour. Find the average per hour of the whole
journey?
1
a. 28 km/hr b. 30 km/hr c. 33 km/hr d. 40 km/hr e. None of these
3
5. A hiker walked up a mountain path from a way station to an observation point and back to the way
station by the same route. His average speed for the ascent was 2 miles per hour, and his average
speed for the descent was 4 miles per hour. If the observation point is exactly 3 miles from the way
station, what was the hiker’s average speed, in miles per hour, for the entire trip?
2 2 1 3
a. 2 b. 2 c. 3 d. 3 e. 3
5 3 3 5
6. A man walks 15 blocks to work every morning at a rate of 2 miles per hour. If there are 20 blocks in a
mile, how long does it take him to walk to work?
a. 12.5 minutes b. 15 minutes c. 22.5 minutes d. 37.5 minutes e. 45 minutes
GROUP 2: ROWING BOAT, CURRENT & SPEED
7. A man rowed 3 miles upstream in 90 minutes. If the river flowed with a current of 2 miles per hour,
how long did the man's return trip take?
a. 20 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 45 minutes d. 60 minutes e. 80 minutes
8. A certain river has a current of 3 miles per hour. A boat takes twice as long to travel upstream
between two points as it does to travel downstream between the same two points. What is the speed
of the boat in still water?
a. 3 mph b. 6 mph c. 9 mph d. 12 mph e. Cannot be determined
9. A man can row 5 km/h in still water. The current in the river is running at 1 km/h. If it takes him 75
minutes to row to a place and back, how far is the place?
a. 3 km b. 2.5 km c. 4 km d. 5 km e. None of these
10. A motorboat, whose speed is 15 km/hr in still water goes 30 km downstream and comes back in a
total of 4 hours 30 minutes. The speed of the stream (in km/hr) is:
a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 10 e. None
11. A certain river has current of 4 miles per hour. A boat takes twice as long to travel upstream between
two points as it does to travel downstream between the same two points. What is the speed of the boat in
still water?
d. Cannot be e. None
a. 6 miles/hour b. 8 miles/hour c. 12 miles/hour
determined
GROUP 3: TRAIN & SPEED
12. A train running at the speed of 45 km/hr took 12 seconds to pass a certain point. What was the
length of the train?
a. 90 m b. 120 m c. 150 m d. 540 m e. None of these
13. A train 100 meters long, travelling at 48 km/h, completely crosses a bridge in 30 seconds. How long
is the bridge?
a. 100 m b. 150 m c. 200 m d. 300 m e. 500 m
14. A train 270 meters long is moving at a speed of 25 km/hr. How long will it take to cross a man coming
from the opposite direction at a speed of 2 km/hr?
a. 36 sec b. 32 sec c. 28 sec d. 24 sec e. 16 sec
15. Two trains running in the same direction at 40 km/hr and 22 km/hr completely pass one another in 1
minute. If the length of the first train is 125 meters, what is the length of the second train?
a. 125 m b. 150 m c. 200 m d. 175 m e. 133 m
16. Two trains are running on parallel lines in the same direction at a speed of 50 km/hr and 30 km/hr
respectively. The faster train crosses a man sitting in the slower train in 18 seconds. What is the
length of the faster train?
a. 170 m b. 100 m c. 98 m d. 85 m e. 64 m
GROUP 4: COMPARING TRAVELED DISTANCES
17. Two cities are 800 miles apart. At 3:00 P.M., plane A leaves one city traveling toward the other city at
a speed of 600 miles per hour. At 4:00 the same afternoon, plane B leaves the first city, traveling in
the same direction at a rate of 800 miles per hour. Which of the following answers represents the
actual result?
a. Plane A arrives first, by exactly an hour
b. Plane A arrives first, by less than an hour
c. The two planes arrive at exactly the same time
d. Plane A arrives after plane B, by less than an hour
e. Plane A arrives first, by more than an hour
18. A man can travel 120 miles in either of two ways. He can travel at a constant rate of 40 miles per
hour, or he can travel half way at 50 miles per hour, then slow down to 30 miles per hour for the
second half. Which way is faster, and by how much?
a. The constant rate is faster by 10 minutes or more
b. The constant rate is faster by less than 10 minutes
c. The two ways take exactly the same time
d. The constant rate is slower by less than 10 minutes
e. The constant rate is slower by 10 minutes or more
19. Amit and Johny agreed to race across a 50-foot pool and back again. They started together, but Amit
finished 10 feet ahead of Johny. If their rates were constant, and Amit finished the race in 27
seconds, how long did Johny take to finish it?
a. 28 seconds b. 30 seconds c. 33 seconds d. 35 seconds e. 37 seconds
20. One hour after Asif started walking from Dhaka to Narayanganj, a distance of 45 miles, Rocky started
walking along the same road from Narayanganj to Dhaka. If Asif’s speed was 3 miles per hour and
Rocky’s was 4 miles per hour, how many miles had Asif walked when they met?
a. 24 b. 23 c. 22 d. 21 e. 19.5

1. Sagor walked from point P to point Q and backed again, a total distance of 2 miles. If he averaged 4
miles per hour on the trip from P to Q and 5 miles per hour on his return trip, what was his average
walking speed for the entire trip?
2 4 1
9 9 2
1
2. A certain 90-mile trip took 2 hours. Exactly of the distance traveled was by rail, and this part of the
3
1
trip took of the travel time. What was the average rate, in miles per hour, of the rail portion of the
2
trip?
3. Walking at a constant rate of 4 miles per hour, it takes Fahmida exactly one hour to walk home from
school. If she walks at a constant rate of 5 miles per hour, how many minutes will the trip take?
a. 36 b. 48 c. 54 d. 72 e. 96
4. A man travels for 8 hours at a rate of 100 miles per hour. If his average speed for the whole trip is 80
miles per hour, then how long does his return trip take?
a. 8 hours b. 9 hours c. 10 hours d. 12 hours e. 15 hours
5. Johny walks a distance of 10 miles at an average rate of 2 miles per hour, and returns on a bicycle at
an average rate of 5 miles per hour. How long does the entire trip take him?
6. A man travels for 6 hours at a rate of 50 miles per hour. His return trip takes him 9 hours. What is his
average speed for the whole trip?
a. 35.5 mph b. 40 mph c. 44.44 mph d. 45 mph e. 50 mph
7. In one hour, a boat goes 11 km/hr along the stream and 5 km/hr against the stream. The speed of
the boat in still water (in km/hr) is:
a. 3 km/hr b. 5 km/hr c. 8 km/hr d. 9 km/hr e. None of these
8. A boat can travel with a speed of 13 km/hr in still water. If the speed of the stream is 4 km/hr, find the
time taken by the boat to go 68 km downstream.
9. A boatman goes 2 km against the current in 1 hour and goes 1 km with the current in 10 minutes.
How long will it take to go 5 km in still water?
a. 45 minute b. 1 hour c. 1 hr 15 min d. 1 hr 30 min e. None
10. The speed of a motor boat itself is 20 km/h and the rate of flow of the river is 4 km/h. Moving with the
stream, the boat went 120 km. What distance will the boat cover during the same time going against
the stream?
a. 60 km b. 80 km c. 100 km d. 120 km e. 180 km
11. A train crosses a 400 meter long fly-over in 1 minute and a lamp post in 10 seconds. What is the
length of the train?
a. 50 m b. 60 m c. 80 m d. 100 m e. Cannot be determined
12. A train leaves Saqib's house and travels at 50 miles per hour. Two hours later, another train leaves
from Saqib's house on the track parallel to the first train but it travels at 100 miles per hour. How far
away from Saqib's house will the faster train pass the other train?
a. 100 miles b. 150 miles c. 200 miles d. 300 miles e. 500 miles
13. A faster train with a speed of 108 km/h crosses a slower train with a speed of 72 km/h in 15 seconds
from the opposite direction. What is the length of the faster train in meters?
a. 150 m b. 350 m c. 400 m d. 750 m e. Cannot be determined
14. A train traveling at 72 km/h crosses a platform in 30 seconds and a man standing on the platform in
18 seconds. What is the length of the platform in meters?
a. 240 m b. 360 m c. 420 m d. 600 m e. None of these
15. A train 100 meters long moving at a speed of 50 km/hr crosses a train 120 meters long coming from
the opposite direction in 6 seconds. What was the speed of the second train?
a. 132 km/hr b. 82 km/hr c. 60 km/hr d. 50 km/hr e. 40 km/hr
16. Nafis can run 10 miles per hour, while Shuvro can run only 8 miles per hour. If they start at the same
time from the same point, and run in opposite direction, how far apart will they be after 10 minutes?
a.1 mile b. 2 miles c. 3 miles d. 4 miles e. 5 miles
17. On a certain trip, a motorist drove 10 miles at 30 miles per hour, 10 miles at 40 miles per hour, and
10 miles at 50 miles per hour. What portion of her total driving time was spent driving 50 miles per
hour?
5 5 1 13 12
a. b. c. d. e.
7 12 3 51 47
18. Town A & B are 400 miles apart. If a train leaves A in the direction of B, at 50 miles per hour, how
long will it take before that train meets another train, going from B to A, at a speed of 30 miles per
hour?
a. 4 hours b. 4.33 hours c. 5 hours d. 5.67 hours e. 6.67 hours
19. A and B can run 200 meters in 22 and 25 seconds respectively. How far is B from the finishing line
when A reaches it?
a. 16 meters b. 24 meters c. 20 meters d. 12 meters e. 8 meters
20. Train Madhumati starts from station ‘A’ at 4 am and reaches station ‘B’ at 11 am. Train Tista starts
from station ‘B’ at 5.30 am and reaches station ‘A’ at 10 am. When the two trains cross each other?
a. 7:28 b. 7:30 c. 7:33 d. 7:45 e. None
Mixture:
Concentration of the Mixture  The Amount of the Mixture = The Amount of Substance
Example: A chemist has two quarts of 25% acid solution, and one quart of 40% acid solution. If he mixes
these, what will be the concentration of the resultant mixture?
Solution: Let x = concentration of the mixture. So we can arrange the table as follows
Concentration  Amount of Solution = Amount of Acid
qt(acid)/qt(sol) qts(sol) qts(acid)

25% solution 0.25 2 0.50
40% solution 0.40 1 0.40
Mixture x 3 3x
We now have one additional bit of information. The amount of acid in the mixture must be equal to the
total amount of acid in each of the two parts. So, 3x = 0.50 + 0.40. Therefore x is equal to 0.30, which is
the same as a 30% concentration of the acid in the mixture.
Mixture problems can also be solved with the help of the following formula:
C1Q1  C2Q2
C
Q1  Q2
Where, C = Concentration of any element in the resultant mixture

C1 = Concentration of the same element in the first mixture
C2 = Concentration of the same element in the second mixture
Q1 = Amount of the first mixture
Q2 = Amount of the second mixture
Different Rate Problems:

Rate Problems concern a special type of relationship which is very common.
Rate  Input = Output. This results from the definition of rate as the ratio between output and input. In
these problems, input may represent any type of “investment,” but the most frequent quantities used as
inputs are time, work, and money. Output is usually distance traveled, work done, or money spent.
Note: The word “per”, as used in rates, signifies a ratio. Thus, a rate of 25 taka per hour signifies the
ratio between an output of 25 taka and an input of 1 hour. Frequently, the word “per” will be represented
by the fraction sign.
Example: Nafis earns 25 taka in 1 hour from his work for the first 4 hours and 30 taka for each additional
hour. How many hours did he work if he earned taka 160 altogether in a particular day?
Solution: For first 4 hours of work, he got (25 x 4 = 100 taka). Excess amount he earned = 160–100 = 60
taka. So his additional hour of work is, 60/30 = 2 hr. Altogether on that day he worked, 4+2= 6 hours.
Set Theory:
Set is one of the most fundamental concepts of mathematics and you can expect some questions in the
Admission test that test your knowledge of sets. Set is a mathematical way to describe a collection of
distinct objects, such as a list of numbers, a group of students studying the same subject etc. The
individual objects in a set are referred to as elements or members of the set. The elements or members
of a set can be anything: numbers, people, letters of the alphabet, other sets and so on. Sets are
conventionally denoted with capital letters.
Unions:
When you combine the elements of two or more sets, you are finding the union of the sets. The symbol
for union is U.
Intersections:
When you find the elements that two or more sets have in common, you are finding the intersection of
the set. The symbol for intersection is ∩.
Formula for finding out the number of elements in the intersection or union of more than two
sets:
If the number of elements in set A, set B, intersection of sets A & B and union of sets A & B are denoted
by n(A), n(B), n(A∩B) and n(AUB) respectively, then
n (AUB) = n (A) + n (B) – n (A∩B)

Example:
In a summer camp, there are a total of 28 students out of which 7 play hockey, 20 play tennis and 6
students play neither tennis nor hockey. How many students play both tennis and hockey?
Solution: Here,
n(A) = Number of students who play hockey = 7
n(B) = Number of students who play tennis = 20
n(AUB) = Number of total students – Number of students who play neither tennis nor hockey = 28 – 6 =
22
Therefore, 22 = 7 + 20 – n(A∩B)
 n(A∩B) = 5
Work-Done Problems
1
Example: Jack can chop down 20 trees in 1 hour, while it takes Ted 1 hours to chop down 18 trees. If
2
the two of them work together, how long will it take both of them together to chop down 48 trees?
Rate  Time = Work
trees/hr. Hours Trees
1. Jack 20 1 20
1
2. Ted 12 1 18
2
3. Jack 20
4. Ted 12
We represent the time that it takes Jack by x in line 3. Since we have the relationship that Rate  Time =
Work, we see that in line 3 the work done is 20x. Since the two boys work together (therefore, for the
same amount of time), the time in line 4 must be x and the work must be 12x. Now, we see that the total
1
work is 48 trees. From lines 3 and 4, 20x + 12x = 48. Solving for x gives us x = 1 . We are asked to find
2
the number of hours needed by the boys to chop down the 48 trees together, and we see that this time is
1
x, or 1 hours.
2
Review Test on Lecture 4
Name…………………… Batch…………
10 Marks, 10 minutes
…….
1. A circular field with a radius of 14 meter has a fence around it. If there are posts every 8 meter apart
with the fence, how many posts are there?
2. Elizabeth and Scott each received a share of a lottery prize that is to be paid in 12 equal monthly
installments. If the amount paid to Elizabeth in the first three months is equal to the amount paid to
Scott in the first nine months, what is the ratio of the dollar value of Scott’s prize to the dollar value of
Elizabeth’s prize?
a. 1:3 b. 3:1 c. 1:9 d. 9:1 e. 3:4
3. If it takes Mark twice as long to earn $6.00 as it takes Carl to earn $4.00, what is the ratio of Mark’s
pay per hour to Carl’s pay per hour?
a. 2:1 b. 3:1 c. 3:2 d. 3:4 e. 4:3
4. If one star equals four circles and three circles equal four diamonds, what is the ratio of star to
diamond?
a. 3:16 b. 1:3 c. 3:5 d. 3:1 e. 16:3
5. The average of the first 3 of 4 numbers is 16 and that of the last 3 is 15. If the sum of the first and last
numbers is 13, what is the last number?
a. 6 b. 5 c. 8 d. 4 e. 3
6. If 6 workers can complete 9 identical jobs in 3 days, how long will it take 4 workers to complete 10
such jobs?
a. 3 days b. 4 days c. 5 days d. 6 days e. 8 days
7. Fariha puts taka 2000 into a bank which gives 20% interest compouned annually. At the end of the
two years, what will be her balance?
a. Tk. 2200 b. Tk. 2440 c. Tk. 2800 d. Tk. 2880 e. None of these
8. Which of the following CANNOT be the average (arithmetic mean) of four positive even integers?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 6 d. 9 e. 12
9. The average age of 6 children and their mother is 12 years. It is reduced by five years if the mother is
excluded. How old is the mother?
10. At a certain firm, d gallons of fuel are needed per day for each truck. At this rate, g gallons of fuel will
supply t trucks for how many days?
dt gt t g
a. b. c. dgt d. e.
g d dg dt
Answer Sheet
1.
2. „ E
3. „ SCORE…………..
4.
5.
REMARKS
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
STUDENT COPY
MBA
Name : Batch:
MATH LECTURE - 01
Part Contents Algebra Page
1 NECESSARY MEASUREMENTS & WORD LIST 02
2 BASIC CONCEPTS 03
3 REVIEW LESSON 04
4 CLASS PRACTICE 06
• PROPERTIES OF INTEGERS • DIVISIBILITY
• PRIME NUMBERS • AVERAGE
• APPROXIMATIONS • SERIES
TM
PART I: NECESSARY MEASUREMENTS & WORD LIST
NECESSARY MEASUREMENTS
Length: 1 foot = 12 inches 1 yard = 3 feet
1 mile = 5280 feet 1 mile = 1760 yards
Area: 1 square foot = 144 square inches 1 square yard = 9 square feet
Time: 1 minute = 60 seconds 1 hour = 60 minutes
1 day = 24 hours 1 hour = 3600 seconds
1 year = 52 weeks 1 week = 7 days
Volume: 1 quart = 2 pints 1 gallon = 4 quarts
1 m3 = 1000 liters 1 liter = 1000 cm3
Weight: 1 pound = 16 ounces 1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
LIST OF MATHEMATICAL TERMS

Fraction- fMœvsk Cylinder- ‡ejb Equilateral Triangle- mgevû wÎf~R
Ratio- AbycvZ Altitude- D”PZv Scalene- welg evû wÎf~R
Proportion- mgvbycvZ Surface Area- DcwiZ‡ji †¶Îdj Right Triangle- mg‡KvYx wÎf~R
Decimal- `kwgK Rectangular Solid- AvqvZvKvi Nb
Division- fvM
Multiplication- ¸b QUADRILATERALS CIRCLE
Multiple- ¸YK Rectangle- AvqZ‡¶Î Radius- e¨vmva©
Factor- Drcv`K Square- eM©‡¶Î Radii- e¨vmv‡a©i eûePb
Odd- we‡Rvo Parallelogram- mvgšÍwiK Diameter- e¨vm
Even- ‡Rvo Trapezoid- UªvwcwRqvg Circumference- cwiwa
Sum- ‡hvMdj Diagonal- KY© Center- ‡K›`ª
Difference- we‡qvMdj Rhombus- i¤^m Tangent- ¯úk©K
Product- ¸Ydj Chord- R¨v
ANGLES
Quotient- fvMdj Arc- e„Ë Pvc
Vertex- kxl©we›`y
Dividend- fvR¨ Segment- e„Ëvsk
Angle- ‡KvY
Divisor- fvRK Secant- ‡Q`K
Right Angle- mg‡KvY
Variable- PjK Semi-circle- Aa©e„Ë
Obtuse Angle- ¯’~j †KvY
Constant- aª“eK Inscribed Angle- e„Ë¯’ †KvY
Acute Angle- my² †KvY
Numerator- je Central Angle- ‡K›`ª¯’ †KvY
Corresponding Angle- Abyiƒc †Kvb
Denominator- ni
Alternate Angle- GKvšÍi †KvY
L.C.M- j. mv. ¸
Straight Angle- mij †KvY
H.C.F- M. mv. ¸
Adjacent Angles- mwbœwnZ †KvY
L.C.D- mgni
Complementary Angle- c~iK †KvY
Remainder- fvM‡kl
Supplementary Angle- m¤ú~iK †KvY
Approximate value- Avmbœ gvb
Vertical Angle- wecÖZxc †KvY
Factorization- Drcv`‡K we‡klY
Hypotenuse- AwZf~R
Progression- cÖMgb
Reflex Angle- cÖe„× †KvY
Area- ‡¶Îdj
Interior Angle- AšÍt¯’ †KvY
Perimeter- cwimxgv
Exterior Angle- ewnt¯’ †KvY
Cube- Nb
Transversal- ‡Q`K
Volume- AvqZb
Polygon- eûf~R TRIANGLES
Regular polygon- mylg eûf~R Triangle- wÎf~R
Hexagon- lof~R Perpendicular- j¤^
Sphere- ‡MvjK Isosceles Triangle- mgwØevû wÎf~R
PART II: BASIC CONCEPTS
Following are few basic concepts that will help you understand this section better. So before starting the
lecture, have a look at these!
 In the number line, if you move to the right from any certain point, the value will increase
gradually and vice versa.
 Real numbers are the values those include both positive and negative numbers such as
–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3….. etc.
 Natural numbers are the whole numbers used for counting (e.g. 1, 2, 3…..)
1
 A mixed number consists of a whole number and a fraction; e.g. 5 is a mixed number
2
1
which means 5 +
2
 Any number divided by zero (0) becomes undefined. So a fraction cannot have 0 as a
denominator.
 Consecutive integers are the integers that follow each other in order and have a certain
difference between every two of them.
 Square root of a negative number cannot be a real number.
 The greater the absolute value of a negative number, the smaller it actually is. (e.g.
–10 < –9 < –8 < –7)
 Squaring of any fraction between 0 and 1 results in a smaller number.
 Any number squared or raised to an even power is always positive.
 A prime number is that integer which has exactly two unique positive factors (1 and itself).
 1 is not considered as a prime number.
 There is no even number other than 2 which can be a prime.
 Any integer greater than 1 is a prime or can be written as a product of primes;

e.g. 30 = 2 x 3 x 5
 There are 25 prime numbers between 1 and 100.
 The product of even number of negative numbers is positive; e.g. (–1)×(–2)×(–3)×(–4) = 24
 The product of odd number of negative numbers is negative; e.g. (–1)×(–2)×( –3) = –6
 If an expression has more than one set of parentheses, the inner parenthesis must be removed
first and then the rest have to be worked out.
 If two quantities are directly proportional in any equation, then when one increases, the other also
increases.
 If two quantities are inversely proportional in any equation, then when one increases, the other
decreases.
PART III: REVIEW LESSON
Properties of Integers:
Even-Odd: An even number is divisible by 2 and an odd number is not divisible by 2. All even numbers
end with the digits 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 while odd numbers end in the digits 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. For example the
numbers 358, 90, 18, 98, 74, and 46 are even numbers. The numbers 67, 871, 475, and 89 are odd
numbers. It is important to remember the following facts:
# The sum of two even numbers is even, and the sum of two odd numbers is even, but the sum of an odd
and an even number is odd. Example: 4 + 8=12, 5 + 3 = and 7 + 2 = 9.
# The product of two odd numbers is odd, but the product of an even number and any other integer is an
even number. Example: 3 5 = 15 (odd); 4  5 = 20 (even); 4  6 = 24 (even).
# Even numbers are expressed in the form 2k where k may be any integer. Odd numbers are expressed
in the form of 2k + 1 or 2k - 1 where k may be any integer. For example, if k = 17, then 2k = 34 and 2k + 1
=35. If k = 6, then we have 2k = 12 and 2k + 1= 13.
Divisibility: There are various tests to see whether an integer is divisible by any certain number. These
tests are listed below:
1. Any integer is divisible by 2 if the last digit of the number is a 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

2. Any integer is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
3. Any integer is divisible by 4 if the number formed by the last two digits of the number is divisible by 4.
4. An integer is divisible by 5 if the last digit is either a 0 or a 5.
5. Any integer is divisible by 6 if it passes the divisibility tests for both 2 and 3.
6. Any integer is divisible by 8 if the number formed by the last three digits is divisible by 8.
7. Any integer is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
8. Any integer is divisible by 10 if the last digit is a 0.
9. Any integer is divisible by 11 if the sum of the odd-placed digits from the right minus the sum of the
even-placed digits is either 0 or divisible by 11.
Factor: If a number P is divisible by a number Q, then Q is a factor of P. Again in this case, P will also be
divisible by all the factors of Q. For example, 60 is divisible by 12, so 12 is a factor 60. Again 60 is also
divisible by 2, 3, 4, and 6 which all are factors of 12.
Prime Numbers: A prime number is that integer which has exactly two unique factors. The first few
prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37..... Note that the number 1 is not considered as
a prime number.
To determine if a number is a prime, follow these steps:
STEP 1: Determine a very rough approximate square root of the number.
STEP 2: Divide the number by all of the primes which are less than the approximate square root. If the
number is not divisible by any of these primes, then it is a prime. If it is divisible by any of the primes, then
it is not a prime.
Example: Is the number 97 prime?

Solution: An approximate square root of 97 is 10. All of the prime numbers less than 10 are 2, 3, 5,
and 7. Divide 97 by 2, 3, 5, and 7. No integer results, so 97 is a prime.
Example: Is the number 161 prime?

Solution: An approximate square root of 161 is 13. The prime numbers less than 13 are 2, 3, 5, 7
and 11. Divide 161 by 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11. 161 is divisible by 7 (161 ÷ 7 = 23), so 161 is not a prime.
Sum of the numbers

Average: The formula for calculating averages is
No. of the numbers
Example: What is the average of 10, 15, 24 and 32?

Solution: Sum of the numbers = 10 + 15 + 24 + 32 = 81. No. of the numbers = 4.
Average = 81/4 = 20.25
PART IV: CLASS PRACTICE
GROUP 1: PROPERTIES OF INTEGER
1. If U is an odd number, and V and W are different integers, which of the following must be even?
a. UV + UW b. U + VW c. UVW d. U+V+W e. None of these
2. If n is an odd number, then which of the following best describes the number represented by n2 + 2n +
1?
a. It can be odd or even. b. It must be odd. c. It must be divisible by four.
d. It must be divisible by six. e. Cannot be determined
3. Which of the following represents the smallest possible value of (M – 1/2)2 if M is an integer?
a. 0.00 b. 0.25 c. 0.50 d. 0.75 e. 1.00
4. If a, b and c are three consecutive integers and a>b>c, then which of the following has the maximum
value?
a. (a+b)/c b. (b+c)/a c. (c+a)/b d. (b2 –a2)/c e. None of these
5. If x, y and z are integers and x=4z+7y-3, then which of the following must be odd?
a. z b. x c. yz-1 d. xy-1 e. None of these
6. If x and y are integers and (xy +x) is odd, then what of the following must be even?
a. x+y b. xy-x c. x d. y e. None of these
7. If n is an integer and y= (n-1) (n+2) - (n-1) (n-2), then which of the following must be true?
a. y is odd, only when n is odd b. y is odd, only when n is even
c. y is even, only when n is odd d. y is even, only when n is even e. None of these
GROUP 2: DIVISIBILITY
8. Which of the following numbers is divisible by 36?

a. 35,924 b. 64,530 c. 74,098 d. 152,640 e. 192,042
9. If E is an even number, and F is divisible by three, then what is the largest number by which E 2F3 must
be divisible?
10. When a positive integer ‘x’ is divided by 5 the remainder is 1. When ‘x’ is divided by 8, the remainder
is 4. What is the smallest positive integer ‘y’, such that (x+y) is divisible by 40?
GROUP 3: PRIME NUMBERS
11. If p is a prime number greater than 3, which of the following is NOT a factor of 6p?
a. p2 b. 6p c. 3p d. 2p e. 3
12. If p and q are positive integers each greater than 1, and 17(p+1) = 29(q+1), what is the least possible
value of p+q?
13. The sum of 5 consecutive integers is 35. How many of the five integers are prime numbers?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4
14. The sum of the exponents of the prime factors in the prime factorization of 196 is:
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6
GROUP 4: AVERAGE PROBLEMS
15. What is the average of the following numbers: 35.5, 32.5, 34.0, 35.5, and 34.5?
a. 33.0 b. 33.3 c. 34.0 d. 34.4 e. 34.5
16. What is the average of all multiples of ten from 10 to 190 inclusive?
a. 90 b. 95 c. 100 d. 105 e. 110
17. If the average of five whole numbers is an even number, which of the following statements is not
true?
a. The sum of the five numbers must be divisible by 2.
b. The sum of the five numbers must be divisible by 5.
c. The sum of the five numbers must be divisible by 10.
d. All of the five numbers must be odd.
e. At least one of the five numbers must be even.
18. Six time the average of six positive consecutive odd integers is 12 more than four times the largest
number. What is the average of these consecutive integers?
GROUP 5: APPROXIMATION PROBLEMS
19. Which of the following is the best approximation of the length of one side of a square with an area of
12 square inches?
a. 3.1 inches b. 3.2 inches c. 3.3 inches d. 3.5 inches e. 3.6 inches
1
20. Which of the following numbers is closest to the square root of ?
2
a. 0.25 b. 0.50 c. 0.60 d. 0.70 e. 0.80
21. Which of the following is the best approximation of the product (2.005)  (10.0025)  (0.0205)?
a. 0.02 b. 0.40 c. 40 d. 0.025 e. None
22. After applying square root operation, which of the following has the closest value comparing to itself?
a. 0.3 b. 0.5 c. 0.7 d. 0.8 e. 0.9
GROUP 6: SERIES PROBLEMS
23. What is the next number in the series: 81, 27, 9, 3, __?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 3 d. 6 e. None
24. Which of the following is the next number in the series: 3, 6, 4, 9, 5, 12, 6, __?
a. 7 b. 9 c. 12 d. 15 e. 24
25. What is the next number in the series: 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 25, __?

a. 8 b. 12 c. 15 d. 24 e. 26
PART V: TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT
1. If x is an odd number, what is the sum of next two odd numbers greater than 3x+1?
a. 3x + 3 b. 6x+8 c. 6x+6 d. 6x+5 e. 6x+4
2. The sum of four consecutive odd integers must be:

a. even, but not necessarily divisible by 4
b. divisible by 4, but not necessarily by 8
c. divisible by 8, but not necessarily by 16
d. divisible by 16
e. None of the above
3. If P is an even number, and Q and R are both odd, which of the following must be true?
a. P.Q is an odd number. b. Q – R is an even number. c. PQ – PR is an odd number
d. Q + R cannot equal P e. None of these
4. If x and y are integers, for which of the following ordered pairs (x,y), is 2x+y an odd number?
a. (0, 2) b. (1, 2) c. (2, 1) d. (2, 4) e. (3, 0)
5. If x, y, z are consecutive non-zero integers and x<y<z, which of the following must be a positive odd
integer?
a. x-z b. x+y+1 c. x+y+z d. xz-y e. None of these
6. If 4y-3x = 5, what is the smallest integer value of x for which y > 100?
a. 130 b. 131 c. 132 d. 135 e. none of these
7. If a and b are positive consecutive integers and a>b, then which of the following is closest to 1?
b b 1 b2 b -1 b-2
a. b. c. d. e.
a a 1 a2 a -1 a-2
8. The sum of the 8 consecutive even integers is 312, and then what is the least of them?
a. 39 b. 32 c. 34 d. 36 e. 30
9. If x>y, then which of the following has the maximum value?

a. xy b. x+y c. x3 d. y3 e. None of these

a. 76,300 b. 78,132 c. 80,424 d. 81,234 e. 83,636
11. All numbers divisible by both 4 and 15 are also divisible by which of the following?
a. 6 b. 8 c. 18 d. 24 e. 45
12. What is the average of the following numbers: 91.4, 91.5, 91.6, 91.7, and 92.3?
a. 91.6 b. 91.7 c. 91.8 d. 92.0 e. 92.1
13. In a class with six boys and four girls, the students all took the same test. The boys’ scores were 74,
82, 48, 84, 88, and 95, while the girls’ scores were 80, 82, 86, and 86. Which of the following statements
is true?
a. The boys’ average was 0.1 higher than the class average.
b. The girls’ average was 0.1 lower than the boys’ average.
c. The class average was 2.0 higher than the boys’ average.
d. The boys’ average was 1.0 higher than the class average.
e. The girls’ average was 1.0 lower than the boys’ average.
14. If y is an integer and 15 < y < 25, which of the following could be the average (arithmetic mean) of 12,
14, 17, 23 and y?
a. 13.2 b. 15.6 c. 16.8 d. 18.2 e. 19.5
15. If the sum of five consecutive integers is 40, what is the smallest of these five integers?
a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 e. 8
16. If a, b, and c are all divisible by 8, then their average must be:
a. divisible by 8 b. divisible by 4 c. divisible by 2
d. an integer e. None of these
17. If x and y are both positive integers and 10 < x < 20 and 7y – 2x = 0, what is the value of x – y?
1 1
18. of a number is 3 more than of the number. What is the average of 0 and this number?
3 4
a. 18 b. 24 c. 30 d. 36 e. 48
3
19. Which of the following is closest to the square root of ?
5
1 2 3 6
a. b. c. d. e. 1
2 3 4 5
20. If x and y are both integers, x > y, and – 5x > 26, then what would be the largest value of y?
a. – 5 b. – 6 c. – 7 d. – 8 e. none of these
21. Which of the following is the best approximation of the length of one side of a square auditorium with
an area of 0.0121 square km?
a.0.90 km b. 0.61 km c. 0.11 km d. 0.006 km e. None
22. What is the next number in the following series: 1, 4, 2, 8, 4, 16, 6, __?
a. 8 b. 20 c. 24 d. 32 e. None
23. When x is divided by 7, the remainder is 6. Which of the following must be an even integer?
a. x+6 b. x2+x c. x – 4 d. x – 2 e. None
24. What is the next term in the series: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, __?

a. 17 b. 21 c. 13 d. 9 e. 24
25. What is the next number in the series: 6, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2, __?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
PART VI: REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE
Rounding off:
Rounding off a number to a decimal place means finding the multiple of representative of that decimal
place which is closest to the original number. Thus, rounding off a number to the nearest hundredth means
finding the multiple of 100 which is closest to the original number. Rounding off to the nearest tenth means
finding the multiple of 1/10 which is closest to the original number. After a number has been rounded off to
a particular decimal place, all the digits to the right of that particular decimal place will be zero.
In any number, the non-zero digits from the most left is expressed as 1 st significant figure or 1st place of
accuracy and similarly, 2nd digit from the left is called 2nd significant figure or 2nd place of accuracy.
For example: Round off 3.210 to the nearest tenth.
Answer: 3.2
Round off 5320 to 1st significant figure.
Answer: 5000
Factorization:
To solve algebraic equations, factorization is necessary. Factorization is breaking down an expression into
two or more expressions, the product of which is the original expression. For example, 6 can be factored
into 2 and 3 because 2.3 = 6. Then, if x2 + (d + e) x + de is factorable, it will be factored into two expressions
in the form (x + d) and (x + e). If the expression (x + d) is multiplied by the expression (x + e), their product
is x2 + (d + e) x + de. For example, (x + 3) (x + 2) equals x2 + 5x + 6. To factor an expression such as x2 +
6x + 8, find a, d, and e such that d + e = 6 and de = 8. Of the various factors of 8, we find that d = 4 and e
= 2. Thus, x2 + 6x + 8 can be factorized into the expressions (x +4) and (x +2). Below are some factorized
expressions:
x2 + 2x + 1 = (x + 1)(x + 1)
x2 + 4x + 4 = x2 +2x + 2x + 4 = (x + 2) (x + 2)
x2 – 4x + 3 = x2 – 3x – x + 3 = (x – 3) (x – 1)
x2 + 10x + 16 = x2 + 8x + 2x + 16 = (x + 8) (x + 2)
x2 - 5x + 6 = x2 – 3x - 2x + 6 = (x – 2) (x - 3)
Algebraic Formula:
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
(a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
(a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2
(a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3
(a - b)3 = a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - b3
a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2)
a3 - b3 = (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2)
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
When, ax2+bx+c = 0, 𝑥=
2𝑎
Inequalities:
These problems deal with numbers that are less than, greater than, or equal to other numbers. The
following rules apply to all inequalities:
< means less than, thus 3 < 4

> means greater than, thus 5 > 2
≤ means less than or equal to, thus 3 ≤ 4 and 3 ≤ 3
≥ means greater than or equal to, thus 5 ≥ 2 and 2 ≥ 2
 If equal quantities are added to both sides of an inequality, the direction of the inequality does not
change.
If x < y, then x + z < y + z and x – z < y – z.
If x > y, then x + z > y + z and x – z > y – z.
 Subtracting parts of an inequality from an equation /a number reverses the order of the inequality.
If x < y, then z – x > z – y.
If x > y, then z – x < z – y.
 Multiplying or dividing an inequality by a number greater than zero does not change the order of the
inequality.
If x > y, and a > 0, then xa > ya and x/a > y/a.
If x < y, and a > 0, then xa < ya and x/a < y/a.
 Multiplying or dividing an inequality by a number less than zero changes the order of the inequality.
If x > y, and a < 0, then xa < ya and x/a < y/a.
If x < y, and a < 0, then xa > ya and x/a > y/a.
lf – 3 < 2 is multiplied through by – 2 it becomes 6 > – 4 and the order of the inequality is reversed.
 The product of two numbers with same sign is positive.

If x > 0 and y > 0, then xy > 0.
If x < 0 and y <0, then xy > 0.
 The product of two numbers with different signs is negative.

If x < 0 and y > 0, then xy < 0.
 Linear inequalities in one unknown: In these problems, a first power variable is given in an inequality
and this variable must be solved in terms of the inequality. Examples of linear inequalities in one unknown
are: 2x + 7 > 4 + x, 8y – 3 < 2y, etc.
STEP 1: By ordinary algebraic addition and subtraction (as if it were an equation), get all of the constant
terms on one side of the inequality and all of the variable terms on the other side. In the inequality 2x + 4
< 8x + 10, subtract 4 and 8x from both sides and get –6x < 12.
STEP 2: Divide both sides by the coefficient of the variable. [Important: If the coefficient of the variable is
negative, you must reverse the inequality sign. For example, in –6x < 12, dividing by –6 gives x > 2 (The
inequality is reversed).] In case of 3x < 12, dividing by 3 gives x  4.
 Solve for y in the inequality 4y + 7  9 – 2y.
Solution: Subtracting – 2y and 7 from both sides gives 6y  2. Dividing both sides by 6 gives y  1/3.
 Solve for a in the inequality 10 – 2a < 0.
 10
Solution: Subtracting 10 from both sides gives – 2a < –10. Dividing both sides by –2 gives a > ,
2
or a > 5. [Note: The inequality sign has been reversed because of the division by a negative number.]
Exponents:
An exponent is an easy way to express repeated multiplication. For example, 5x5x5x5 = 54. The 4 is the
exponent. In the expression 73 = 7 x 7 x 7, 3 is the exponent. 73 means 7 is multiplied by itself three times.
If the exponent is 0, the expression always has a value of 1. Thus, 60 = 150 = 1, etc. If the exponent is 1,
the value of the expression is the number base. Thus, 41 = 4 and 91 = 9.
In the problem 53 × 54, we can simplify by counting the factors of 5. Thus 5 3 × 54 = 53+4 = 57. When we
multiply and the base number is the same, we keep the base number and add the exponents. For example,
74×78=712. In short, am × an = am+n
For division, we keep the same base number and subtract exponents. Thus, 8 8 ÷ 82 = 88-2 = 86. In short,
am ÷ an = am–n
A negative exponent indicates the reciprocal of the expression with a positive exponent, thus,
3–2=1/32. In short, a–m = 1/am.
Roots:
The square root of a number is a number which when multiplied by itself gives the original number. For
example, 16 = 4, since 4×4 = 16
To simplify a square root, we factorize the number.
32 = (16×2) = 16×2 = 42
72 = (36×2) = 36×2 = 62
We can add expressions with the square roots only if the numbers inside the square root sign are the
same. For example,
7 + 27 =57
18 + 2 = (9×2) + 2 = 9×2 + 2 = 42.
Evaluation of Expressions:
To evaluate an expression means to substitute a value in place of a letter.
Example: Evaluate 3a2 – c3; if a = –2, c = –3.
Solution: 3a2 – c3 = 3(-2)2 – (–3)3 = 3(4) – (–27) = 12 + 27 = 39
Example: Given that, a  b = ab + b2. Find the value of –2 3.

Solution: Using the definition given, we get,
–2  3 = (–2)×(3) + (3)2 = –6 + 9 = 3. Therefore, –2  3 = 3
STUDENT COPY
MBA
Name : Batch:
MATH LECTURE - 02
Part Contents Algebra Page
1 CLASS PRACTICE 03
• ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS
• INEQUALITIES • EXPONENTS AND ROOTS
• TRICKY QUESTIONS
REVIEW TEST 12
TM
GROUP 1: ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS & FACTORIZATION
1. If (x – 1) (x – 2) (x2 – 4) = 0, what are the possible values of x?

a. –2 only b. 2 only c. –1, –2, or –4 only d. 1, 2, or 4 only e. 1, 2, or –2 only
t 1
2
2. If  2 , what value(s) may ‘t’ have?

t 1
a. 1 only b. –1 only c. 1 or –1
d. No values e. Any value
3. In the equation p = aq2 + bq + c, if a = 1, b = –2, and c = 1, which of the following expresses p in

terms of q?
a. p = (q – 2)2 b. p = (q – 1)2 c. p = q2 d. p = (q + 1)2 e. p = (q + 2)2
4. If x is decreased from 2 to -2, which of the following must increase?

a. 2+x b. 5 – x2 c. 1+ 1/x d. 1/(x-3) e. None
5. If x2 – 3x + 1 =0, what is the value of x2 – 1/ x2?

a. 4√3 b. 3√5 c. 4√5 d. 2√3 e. None
GROUP 2: INEQUALITIES
6. What is the sum of all integers x, such that –35 ≤ x < 37?
a. –36 b. 71 c. 36 d. 1260 e. None of these
7. 9. If –100 < x < y < 0, then of the following, which has the greatest value?
a. y – x b. x + y c. x – y d. x3 e. y3
8. If 2 < a < 6 and –3 < b < 5, what are the possible values of a + b?
a. a + b must be between –3 and 6 b. a + b must be between 2 and 5
c. a + b must be between –3 and 11 d. a + b must be between 2 and 11
e. a + b must be between –1 and 11
9. If –5 < a < 2, and –7 < b < 1, then what are the possible values for their product ab?
a. between –14 and 2 b. between –35 and 2 c. between 2 and 35
d. between –12 and 3 e. between –14 and 35
10. If a > b > c > 1 and a  b  c = 72 where a, b, and c are integers, what is the greatest possible value
of a?
a. 12 b. 18 c. 24 d. 36 e. 72
xy
11. If z = and 0 < y < x < 1, which of the following must be true?
2xy
a. z < 0.5 b. z > 0.5 c. z < 1 d. z > 1 e. none of these
12. If x and y are integers and x + y < 12, and x > 6, what is the smallest possible value of x – y?
GROUP 3: EXPONENT AND ROOT PROBLEMS
13. (2x-1)2 ÷ x-5 is equal to -

a. 2x2 b. 4x c. 4x2 d. 4x3 e. None
3 2
14.  ?
3 2
5 2 6 5 2 6
a. 5 + 2 6 b. c. 5 – 2 6 e. None
5 d. 5
15. 210 + 210 + 210 + 210 =?
a. 20000 b. 240 c. 211 d. 212 e. 210000
16. If y = 410 + 411 + 412 + 413, then y is divisible by which number?

0.063 x 3 w k
17. If = 1, then w–k =?
0.007 x 9k
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. –1 e. –2
GROUP 4: TRICKY QUESTIONS
18. What is the product of 23 and 79 to one place of accuracy?

a. 1600 b. 1817 c. 1000 d. 1800 e. 2000
2 2 2 A
19. If A = B, B  C, and C  D, what is ?
3 3 3 D
27 4 2 8 4
a. b. c. d. e.
8 9 3 27 3
20. A decrease of 1 from which one of the following numbers will result the greatest decrease in the
product of 11 x 12 x 13 x 14 x 15?
a. 11 b. 12 c. 13 d. 14 e. 15
21. For all numbers x and y, x # y = xy + x. What is the value of 5 # 4?

a. 9 b. 24 c. 25 d. 36 e. 41
22. For all numbers, x * y = xy + y. Now if 3 * 2 = 7 * k, then k =

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
1
23. If k is defined as (k)  k 2  , then (2) = ?
k2
1 1 1
2 2 4
24. What is the unit digit of the number 2223?

25. Find unit digit of product (173)45 × (152)77 × (777)999.

1. Which off the following is the round off value of π to the nearest tenth?
a. 3.0 b. 3.14 c. 3.1416 d. 3.1 e. 3.2
2. What is the result if 7735 is rounded off to the 1st significant figure?
3. Given that xy > 0 and x > y, which of the following must be true?
I. x + y > 0 II. x2 + y2 > xy III. x2 – y2 > 0
a. I b. II c. III d. II and III e. None of these
4. For what value(s) of k is the following equation satisfied?

2k – 9 – k = 4k + 6 – 3k
5
a. –5 only b. 0 only c. only d. No value e. Any value
2
5. What is the largest possible value of the following expression?
(x + 2) (3 – x) (2 + x)2 (x – 3) (2x + 4)
a. –576 b. –24 c. 0 d. 8 e. Cannot be determined
6. What are the values of (x – y) if 5 < x < 9 and –4 < y < –1?
a. –4< x–y <9 b. 9< x–y <10 c. –1< x–y <5 d. 6< x–y <13 e. None of these
7. If –8 < a < 20, and –4 < b < –2, what are the possible values of a / b?
a. a / b must be between 2 and –10 b. a / b must be between –2 and 20
c. a / b must be between –5 and 4 d. a / b must be between –80 and 32
e. a / b must be between –10 and 4
8. What is the value of the x for which (2x+3)(x-1)<0?
3 3 3
a. x< - b. - <x<1 c. x>1 d. x> - e. None of these
2 2 2
9. If y= (x-6)(x-5)(x-4)(x-3), x is a positive integer and y>0, then which of the following must be true?
a. x<3 b. x<6 c. 0<x<3 d. x>3 e. None of these
10. If n>0, which of the following must be true?

I. n2 >1 II. n- n2 <1 III. 2n-1 >0
a. I b. I and III c. III d. I, II and III e. None of these
11. Which of the following represents the expression: 3.6  109 ?
a. 3.6 x 103 b. 1.8 x 103 c. 6 x 103 d. 6 x 104 e. None of these
12. If 4 y = 3, then y 4 =?
a. 4 b. 12 c. 34 d. 38 e. 316
13. If x ≠ 0, then (x5)2 ÷ x4 =

a. x21 b. x14 c. x8 d. x7 e. x6
14. 212 + 46 + 84 + 163 =?

a. 212 b. 214 c. 218 d. 224 e. None
15. If 4x = 5y and 2z = 3y, then what is the ratio of x to z?

a. 2:1 b. 6:5 c. 5:6 d. 1:2 e. 1:3
16. If c + 4d = 3c – 2d, what is the ratio of c to d?
a. 1:3 b. 1: –3 c. 3:1 d. 2:3 e. 2: –3
17. Which of the following is the largest?

a. (2 + 2 + 2)2 b. (2  2  2)2 c. 2  22  24 
d. (2  2) 2 2
e. 43
18. If A + B = 12, and B + C = 16, what is the value of A + C?

a. –4 b. –28 c. 4 d. 28 e. Cannot be determined
19. If # x = x2 – x for all whole numbers, then # (#3) =?

a. 27 b. 30 c. 58 d. 72 e. 121
xy
20. For all real numbers except 0, x # y # z = . What is the value of 9 # 3 # 2?
z
a. 1 b. 3 c. 6 d. 9 e. 12
21. If (a+b) > 0 and (a  b) > b, which of the following must be true?
a. b > 0 b. a < 0 c. a > 0 d. b < 0 e. None of these
22. If a>0, > b < 0, c >1 and d <1, which of the following must be true?
a. ab > cd b. ab < cd c. ac > bd d. ac < db e. None of these
23. If (x + 3) is positive then which one of the following must be positive?

a. x-3 b. (x-3) (x-4) c. (x-3) (x+3) d. (x-3) (x+4) e. (x+3) (x+6)
24. If x5 + x2 < 0, then which of the following must be true?

a. x < - 1 b. x < 0 c. x > 0 d. x > 1 e. x1 < x 2
25. If x + z > y + z, then which of the following must be true?

x y x y
a. xz > yz b. y > z c.  d.  e. None of these
2 2 z z
L.C.M. and H.C.F.

You have to note that L.C.M. is the abbreviation of lowest common multiple and H.C.F is the abbreviation
of highest common factor.
(i) The product of two natural numbers is equal to the product of their H.C.F and their L.C.M.
1st number  2nd number = L.C.M  H.C.F
H.C.F. of Numerators
(ii) H.C.F of fractions =
L.C.M. of Denominato rs
L.C.M. of Numerators
(iii) L.C.M of fractions =
H.C.F. of Denominato rs
Fractions:
Numerator
Denominato r
The numerator of a fraction is the upper number and the denominator is the lower number.
8
Example: In the fraction , the numerator is 8 and the denominator is 13.
13
Comparison of Fractions:
 If fractions A and B have the same denominator, and A has a larger numerator, then fraction A is
larger. (We are assuming here, and for the rest of this Refresher Session, that numerators and
denominators are positive.)
Example: 56/271 is greater than 53/271 because the numerator of the first fraction is greater than the
numerator of the second.
 If fractions A and B have the same numerator, and A has a larger denominator, then fraction A is
smaller.
Example: 37/256 is smaller than 37/254.
 If fraction A has a larger numerator and a smaller denominator than fraction B, then fraction A is larger
than B.
Example: 6/11 is larger than 4/13. (If this does not seem obvious, compare both fractions with 6/13
Percentages:
 To change a fraction to a percent, find its decimal form, multiply by 100 and add a percent sign.
3
Example: Express as a percent.
8
3
Solution: To convert to a decimal, divide 3 by 8; this gives us 0.375. Multiplying 0.375 by 100 gives
8
us 37.5%.
 To change a percent to a fraction, drop the percent sign and divide the number by 100.
Example: Express 17% as a fraction.
17
Solution: Dropping the % sign gives us 17, and dividing by 100 gives us = 0.17
100
 Finding the percent of a given quantity:
1. Replace the word “of” with a multiplication sign.
2. Convert the percent to a decimal: Drop the percent sign and divide the number by 100. This is done
by moving the decimal point two places to the left, adding zeros where necessary. Examples: 30%
= 0.30, 2.1% = 0.021, 78% = 0.78, 243% = 2.43.
3. Multiply the given quantity by the decimal.

Example: Find 30% of 200. 30% of 200 = 30%  200 = 0.30  200 = 60.00
Speed Calculation Tool: Fraction– Percent Matrix
1 2 3 4 5
1
1  100%
1
1 3 5
2  50%  150%  250%
2 2 2
1 1 2 2 4 1 5 2
3  33 %  66 %  133 %  166 %
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1 2 3 5
4  25%  50%  75%  125%
4 4 4 4
1 2 3 4
5  20%  40%  60%  80%
5 5 5 5
1 2 2 1 3 4 2 5 1
6  16 %  33 %  50%  66 %  83 %
6 3 6 3 6 6 3 6 3
1 2 2 4 3 6 4 1 5 3
7  14 %  28 %  42 %  57 %  71 %
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
1 1 2 3 1 4 5 1
8  12 %  25%  37 %  50%  62 %
8 2 8 8 2 8 8 2
1 1 2 2 3 1 4 4 5 5
9  11 %  22 %  33 %  44 %  55 %
9 9 9 9 9 3 9 9 9 9
1 2 3 4 5
10  10%  20%  30%  40%  50%
10 10 10 10 10
6 7 8 9 10
1
7 9
2  350%  450%
2 2
7 1 8 2 10 1
3  233 %  266 %  333 %
3 3 3 3 3 3
6 7 9 10
4  150%  175%  225%  250%
4 4 4 4
6 7 8 9
5  120%  140%  160%  180%
5 5 5 5
7 2 8 1 9 10 2
6  116 %  133 %  150%  166 %
6 3 6 3 6 6 3
6 5 8 2 9 4 10 6
7  85 %  114 %  128 %  142 %
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
6 7 1 9 1 10
8  75%  87 %  112 %  125%
8 8 2 8 2 8
6 2 7 7 8 8 10 1
9  66 %  77 %  88 %  111 %
9 3 9 9 9 9 9 9
6 7 8 9
10  60%  70%  80%  90%
10 10 10 10
Fill the Matrix as much as you think you need. You can’t memorize all these, neither is expected from
you. But a careful exercise will speed up your calculation and will serve as an error guard and auto
correction.
Squared Values
x2 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100 121 144

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
x 1 1.41 1.73 2 2.24 2.45 2.65 2.83 3 3.16 3.32 3.46
x2 169 196 225 256 289 324 361 400 441 484 529 576
x 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
x 3.61 3.74 3.87 4 4.12 4.24 4.36 4.47 4.58 4.69 4.8 4.9
X2 625 676 729 784 841 900 961 1024 1089 1156 1225 1296
x 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
x 5 5.1 5.2 5.29 5.39 5.48 5.57 5.66 5.74 5.83 5.92 6
Deviations:
Absolute error, or absolute deviation, is the difference between the estimated value and the real value (or
between the approximate value and the exact value).
Example: If the actual value of a measurement is 60.2 and we estimate it as 60, then the absolute
deviation (absolute error) is 60. 2 - 60 = 0.2.
Fractional error, or fractional deviation, is the ratio of the absolute error to the exact value of the quantity
being measured.
Example: If the exact value is 60.2 and the estimated value is 60, then the fractional error is
60.2  60 0.2 1
 
60.2 60.2 301
Example: Suppose that a $100 item is reduced by 10 % and then by 20 %. The first reduction puts the
price at $90 (10% of $100 = $10, $100 – $10 = $90). Then reducing the $90 (the new original value) by
20% gives us $72 (20% of $90 = $18; $90 – $18 = $72). Therefore, it is NOT correct to simply add 10%
and 20% and then take 30% of $100.
Profit and Loss:

Gross profit is equal to revenues minus expenses or selling price minus cost. When expenses or costs
are higher the outcome is loss.
Mark-up or expected margin Discount or Mark Down
Cost 100%
Drill-1: You buy a shirt from Westecs, which costs you 80 Taka. It was on EID sale at 25% discount.
What was the tag price?
Drill-2: A peddler bought a Panjabi for 200 taka. He planned to make a profit of 25%. But the market was
dull and he had to offer a 20% discount. What was his selling price and profit margin?
Drill-3: You bought the ticket of the mega-hit movie “TITANIC” for much above the market price. But you
lost appetite for the movie and sold it to one of your friends for 160 Taka which counted for a
20% loss on your purchasing price. What was your purchasing price?
 Discount and successive discount:
If the price is discounted by a percent, then the price becomes (100 – a) percent of the original price.
When b is the rate of successive discount and a, b are two consecutive discount rates, then
ab
Equivalent single discount = – a – b +
100
Note: For individual price increase use positive sign (+) before a & b and for discount use negative sign (-
) before a & b in the above formula of successive change. Here, the signs before both a & b are negative
because both of them are discount rates.
Face Value of Currencies:
Value = Rate x Number of items

Example: Rafi has $3.00 in nickels and dimes in his pocket. If he has twice as many nickels as he has
dimes, how many coins does he have altogether?
Here, Rate  Number of coins = Value
cents/coin Coins Cents

Nickels 5 2c 10c
Dimes 10 c 10c
Now we recall the additional bit of information that the total value of the nickels and dimes is $3.00, or
300 cents. Thus, 52c + 10c = 300; 20c = 300; so, c = 15, the number of dimes. Rafi has twice as many
nickels, so, 2c = 30.
The total number of coins is c + 2c = 3c = 45.
Remember:
1 dollar = 100 cents
1 nickel = 5 cents
1 dime = 10 cents
1 quarter = 25 cents
Half dollar = 50 cents
Name……………………. Review Test on Lecture 1
Batch…………..…
10 questions, 10 minutes
1. If the average (arithmetic mean) of three numbers x, y and z is 20. What is the average of the
numbers (3x + 25), (3y + 10), (3z + 5)?
2. The sum of two numbers is twice their difference. If one of the numbers is 10, what is the other?
1 1 1
a. 3 b. 30 c. 30 or  3 d. -30 or 3 e. 30 or 3
3 3 3
3. The average of two numbers is k. If one number is equal to M, the other number is equal to:
 2M  k 2M  k Mk
a. 2M – k b. c. d. e. 2k – M
2 2 2
4. For the integer n, if n3 is odd, which of the following is (are) true?

I. n is odd II. n2 is odd III. n2 is even
a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I and III only
5. If x is an integer and y = – 4x + 17, what is the least value of x for which y is less than 1?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. None of these
6. If – 1 < x < 1 and x  0, which of the following must be true?

I. x3 < x2 II. x5 < 1 – x III. x4 < x2
A. I only B. I and II only C. II and III only D. I and III only E. I, II and III
7. What is the next term in the following series: 8, 3, 10, 9, 12, 27, __?
a. 8 b. 14 c. 18 d. 36 e. 81

a. 32,934 b. 15,746 c. 15,933 d. 26,012 e. None of these
9. If a is less than b, which of the following numbers is greater than a and less than b?
ab ab
a. b. c. b2 – a2 d. ab e. b – a
2 2
10. The average of ten numbers is x and the average of five of the numbers is y. If the average of the
remaining five is z, then
A. x = y + z B. z = x + 2y C. x = 2y + 2x D. 2x = y + z E. None of these
Answer Sheet
1.
E
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. REMARKS
7.
8.
9.
10.

Math Lecture - 03: Student

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Math Lecture - 03: Student

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

STUDENT COPY

3 REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE 08

GROUP 1: LCM & HCF

10. What is 0.5 percent of 6.5?

a. Tk. 30 b. Tk. 40 c. Tk. 50 d. Tk. 60 e. None

GROUP 4: PROFIT - LOSS, MARK UP, MARK DOWN

GROUP 5: FACE VALUE OF CURRENCIES

a. 0 b. 1 c. 4 d.5 e. Cannot be determined from the information given

Ratio and Proportion:

Finding a Specific Value

Sum of the numbers

Example: The average of 10, 15, 45 and 50 is (10+15+45+50) / 4 = 30.

Name……………………….. 10 Questions 10 minutes Batch……….

1. If x = 2k – 2 and y = 4k2, what is y in terms of x?

2. If x = 0, and y = 2, and x2yz + 3xz2 + y2z + 3y + 4x = 0, what is the value of z?

3. For all numbers x and y, x # y = xy + x. If 2 # 3 = k # 7, then k =

5. If x is an integer, which of the following could NOT equal x 3?

9. If x : y = 7 : 2 and y : z = 5 : 9, what is the ratio of z to x ?

10. If –1 < x < 0, which of the following statements must be true?

3 REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE 07

GROUP 1: RATIO & PROPORTION

GROUP 2: FINDING A SPECIFIC VALUE / AGE

GROUP 3: UNITARY METHOD

GROUP 5: AVERAGE / MEAN, MEDIAN

Test Score Number of students

1. Which of the following expresses the ratio of 3 inches to 2 yards?

Speed  Time = Distance

Speed  Time = Distance

Speed  Time = Distance

Train & Speed

3 REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE 06

GROUP 1: SPEED, DISTANCE, TIME

GROUP 2: ROWING BOAT, CURRENT & SPEED

GROUP 3: TRAIN & SPEED

GROUP 4: COMPARING TRAVELED DISTANCES

PART II: TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT

qt(acid)/qt(sol) qts(sol) qts(acid)

Where, C = Concentration of any element in the resultant mixture

Different Rate Problems:

n (AUB) = n (A) + n (B) – n (A∩B)

6 REVIEW LESSON FOR THE NEXT LECTURE 10

LIST OF MATHEMATICAL TERMS

 Square root of a negative number cannot be a real number.

 Squaring of any fraction between 0 and 1 results in a smaller number.

 Any number squared or raised to an even power is always positive.

 1 is not considered as a prime number.

 There is no even number other than 2 which can be a prime.

 Any integer greater than 1 is a prime or can be written as a product of primes;

 There are 25 prime numbers between 1 and 100.

 The product of even number of negative numbers is positive; e.g. (–1)×(–2)×(–3)×(–4) = 24

1. Any integer is divisible by 2 if the last digit of the number is a 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

STEP 1: Determine a very rough approximate square root of the number.

Example: Is the number 97 prime?

Example: Is the number 161 prime?

Sum of the numbers

Example: What is the average of 10, 15, 24 and 32?

GROUP 1: PROPERTIES OF INTEGER

8. Which of the following numbers is divisible by 36?

GROUP 3: PRIME NUMBERS

GROUP 4: AVERAGE PROBLEMS

GROUP 5: APPROXIMATION PROBLEMS

GROUP 6: SERIES PROBLEMS

25. What is the next number in the series: 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 25, __?