istoria
qarTvelebi
meore msoflio omSi
mixeil baxtaZe
bedis ukuRmarTobam Tu mZime istori-
ulma viTarebam XX saukuneSi bevri mebrZo-
li qarTveli sxvadasxva qveynis, idealisa
Tu faseulobis dasacavad gawira...
1939 wlis 1 seqtembers germaniis polo-
neTze TavdasxmiT daiwyo meore msoflio
omi. im droisTvis poloneTis armiaSi ara-
erTi qarTveli generali da oficeri msa-
xurobda, romlebmac 1921 wels, sabWoTa
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos dapyrobis Sem-
deg, datoves samSoblo da cxovreba da sam-
saxuri poloneTSi ganagrZes. qarTvelma
generlebma da oficrebma aqtiuri monawi-
leoba miiRes Tavisi meore samSoblos – po-
loneTis – dacvaSi. dedaqalaq varSavis
22
dacvis calkeul mimarTulebebs xelmZRva-
nelobdnen podpolkovniki valerian Tev-
zaZe da maiori artem aroniSiZe. krakovis
dacvis erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli iyo pol-
kovniki roman gvelesiani. brZolebSi mona-
wileobdnen oficrebi: aleqsandre alavi-
Ze, ioseb zautaSvili, mixeil kvaliaSvili,
vladimer laRiZe, giorgi mamalaZe, mixeil
rusiaSvili, giorgi turaSvili, vitali ug-
rexeliZe, dimitri SalikaSvili, mfrinavi
arkadi sxirtlaZe, sazRvao oficeri viq-
tor lomiZe da sxvebi.
17 seqtembers meore msoflio omSi
ssrk-c Caeba, Tavs daesxa ra aRmosavleTi-
dan poloneTs. or frontze brZola SeuZ-

germaniis Tavdasxma
poloneTze, 1939
lebeli iyo da damoukidebelma poloneTis
saxelmwifom arseboba Sewyvita. hitlerma
da stalinma poloneTis teritoria omis
dawyebamde erTi kviriT adre xelmowerili
e.w. molotov-ribentropis paqtis Tanax-
mad gadainawiles. poloneTis droSis qveS
mebrZoli qarTvelebis nawili tyved Cau-
varda germanelebs (mag., generali aleqsan-
dre zaqariaZe), nawili ki – ssrk-s. am uka-
nasknelTa bedi ufro tragikuli aRmoCn-
da. generali aleqsandre CxeiZe moskovSi
dimitri
SalikaSvili
(1896-1947)
misi vaJi – generali jon-malxaz Sa-
likaSvili – iyo aSS-is SeiaraRebuli
Zalebis meTaurTa gaerTianebuli ko-
mitetis xelmZRvaneli 1993-1997
wlebSi.
qarTvelebi II msoflio omSi
grmania CexeTisa da slovakeTis CaTvliT
ssrk
poloneTi – germaniis Tavdasxma
poloneTi – ssrk-is Tavdasxma
mokavSireebi
molotov-ribentropis paqti –
1939 wlis 23 agvistos moskovSi
xelmowerili xelSekruleba Tav-
dausxmelobis Sesaxeb ssrk-sa da
germanias Soris. am xelSekrulebis
saidumlo muxlebi iTvaliswinebda
aRmosavleT evropis qveynebis te-
ritoriis ganawilebas xelmomwer
saxelmwifoTa Soris.
aleqsandre yaramanis Ze
zaqariaZe (1884-1957)
msaxurobda ruseTis impe-
riis armiaSi. ruseT-iapo-
niisa da pirveli msoflio
omis monawile. 1917 wlis
noemberSi saqarTveloSi
dabrunebis Semdeg iyo
erovnuli sabWos samxed-
ro seqciis ufrosi. 1918-1921 wlebSi
msaxurobda saqarTvelos SeiraRebul
ZalebSi. 1918 wlis daswyisSi qarTuli
korpusis Stabis ufrosia. Semdeg mu-
Saobda saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zale-
bis generalur StabSi. 1919 wels mieniWa ge-
nerloba da dainiSna generaluri Stabis
ufrosad. am Tanamdebobaze iyo sabWoTa
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos okupaciamde.
1921 wels emigraciaSi wasvlis Semdeg mci-
re xans imyofeboda stambolSi, saidanac
gadavida poloneTSi. daamTavra polone-
Tis umaRlesi samxedro skola. 1923 wlidan
poloneTis armiis brigadis generalia.
1927 wels mieniWa diviziis generloba. 1939
wels tyved Cauvarda germanelebs, Tumca
maleve gaaTavisufles. meore msoflio
omis dasasruls sacxovreblad gadavida
safrangeTSi. iyo parizis qarTuli saTvis-
tomos wevri.
23
 istoria
aleqsandre daviTis Ze
CxeiZe (1873-1941)
msaxurobda ruseTis impe-
riis armiaSi. pirveli
msoflio omis monawile
1918 wlidan saqarTvelos
SeiaraRebul ZalebSia.
iyo samxedro skolis uf-
rosis moadgile.
1921 wlis TebervalSi,
sabWoTa ruseTTan omis dawyebis Semdeg,
dainiSna samxedro skolis ufrosad da me-
Taurobda skolas tabaxmelis brZolebi-
sas. 1922 wlidan poloneTSia.1922-1923
wlebSi aswavlida rembertovos samxedro
kursebze. 1923 w. mieniWa brigadis gener-
loba. erTi weli varSavis qveiTTa skola-
Si kurirebda qarTvel msmenelTa jgufs.
Semdeg msaxurobda oficerTa sakavale-
rio skolasa da me-16 qveiTTa polkSi.
1927-1931 ww. poznanSi dislocirebuli me-
14 qveiTTa polkis meTauria. TadarigSi
gasvlis Semdeg cxovrobda lvovSi. iyo
„qarTvel mxedarTa kavSiris“ gamgeobis
wevri da 1928 w. Seqmnili „qarTvel iunker-
Ta kavSiris“ sapatio Tavmjdomare. aqtiu-
rad TanamSromlobda emigraciaSi gamoma-
val qarTul Jurnal-gazeTebTan. avtoria
mogonebebisa samxedro skolaze. 1939 w.
sabWoTa wiTeli armiis mier lvovis daka-
vebis dros tyved Cavarda. 1940 w. ivnisSi
gadaiyvanes kievSi, xolo dekemberSi –
moskovSi, sadac 1941 w. daxvrites.
II msoflio omis droindeli evropa
ssrk
germania
24
gadaiyvanes da iq daxvrites. savaraudod,
moskovSi daxvrites arkadi sxirtlaZec.
giorgi mamalaZe, giorgi ratiSvili, ilia
kakabaZe katinSi daxvrites. gadarCenili
qarTveli oficrebis nawili aralegalu-
rad mebrZol polonelebs SeuerTda da
winaaRmdegobas ar wyvetda. mas Semdeg, rac
1945 wels poloneTi sabWoTa kavSiris gav-
lenis qveS moeqca, sabWoTa specsamsaxu-
rebma moaxerxes qarTvel oficerTa nawi-
lis dapatimreba. maT sxvadasxva braldeba
wauyenes, maT Soris – sabWoTa ruseTis wi-
naaRmdeg brZola 1921 wels. marTalia, zo-
gierTi amnistiiT gaaTavisufles, magram
nawili cixeebSi datoves, nawili ki cimbir-
Si gadaasaxles. Tavis gadarCenis mizniT
zogma qarTvelma polonuri gvari aiRo.
poloneTis armiaSi myofi qarTvelebis Sesa-
xeb ix. David Kolbaia. Under Polish wings. The Ge-
orgian Emigration in Poland 1921-1939 (daviT
yolbaia, reCpospolitas frTebqveS, qarTu-
li emigracia poloneTSi 1921-1939).
poloneTis gayofis Semdeg germaniam
samxedro moqmedebebi daiwyo da warmate-
biT awarmoa daniis, belgiis, holandiis,
safrangeTis, balkaneTis naxevarkunZulis
saxelmwifoebis winaaRmdeg.
qarTvelebi ibrZodnen safrangeTis Se-
iaraRebuli Zalebis SemadgenlobaSi. maTi
nawili kadris oficeri iyo, nawili ki moxa-
ssrk-is xelmZRvanelobis gadawyvetile-
biT katinis tyeSi 1940 wlis gazafxulze
ramdenime aTasi tyved Cavardnili polo-
neli oficeri daxvrites.
faSisturi germania (1939 wlis agvisto)
dapyrobili regionebi (seqtemberi, 1939 - maisi, 1941)
germaniis mokavSireebi (1940)
ssrk-is dapyrobili teritoria
qveynebi, romlebic germanias ar daupyria
neitraluri qveynebi
germanelebis Seteva ssrk-is Seteva
italielebis Seteva sahaero Seteva
 qarTvelebi II msoflio omSi

meore msoflio omis dros dimitri amilaxvris (1906-1942) ojaxma sa- el-alameinis meore brZo-
safrangeTSi mebrZoli qarTvelo datova sabWoTa xelisuflebis la gaimarTa meore msof-
qarTvelebis Sesaxeb dawv- damyarebis Semdeg. 1926 w. dimitrim warCine- lio omis CrdiloeT af-
rilebiT ixileT fransu- biT daamTavra sen-siris samxedro saswavle- rikis frontze 1942 wlis
aza da revaz nikolaZeebis beli da samsaxuri ganagrZo safrangeTis uc- oqtomber-noemberSi. bri-
wigni „qarTvelebi safran- xour legionSi. meore msoflio omis dros, tanelebma jer SeaCeres,
geTisTvis brZolaSi“. mas Semdeg, rac marSalma petenma xeli moa- xolo Semdeg daamarcxes
wera safrangeTis kapitulacias, d. amilax- germanelTa da italiel-
vari londonSi Sexvda general de gols, ga- Ta gaerTianebuli jari.
erTianda am ukanasknelis mier Seqmnil „Ta-
visufal safrangeTSi“ da brZola ganagrZo
CrdiloeT afrikaSi. 1942 wlis 24 oqtombers
polkovniki dimitri amilaxvari sasikvdilod
daiWra TavSi. generalma de golma dimitri
amilaxvari sikvdilis Semdeg „sapatio legi-
onis“ ordeniT daajildova. sen-siris sam-
xedro saswavleblis 143-e gamoSvebas (1954-
1956 ww.) dimitri amilaxvris saxeli mieniWa.

lised Caewera. ocamde qarTveli moxalise
ibrZoda safrangeTis ucxour legionSi da
monawileobda sxvadasxva brZolaSi meore
msoflio omis dros. maT Soris iyvnen: gi-
orgi da oTar jayelebi, aleqsandre meli-
ava, arCil ciciSvili, aleqsandre jinWa-
raZe da sxv. safrangeTis armiis kadris
oficrebi iyvnen Tavis droze saqarTve-
los demokratiuli respublikis samxedro
skolis msmenelebi (iunkrebi): giorgi odi-
SeliZe – batalionis meTauri da ivane (Jan)
vaCnaZe – sakavalerio eskadronis meTauri.
safrangeTis armiis rigebSi mebrZol
qarTvelTa Soris yvelaze metad saxeli ga-
iTqva polkovnikma dimitri amilaxvarma,
romelic gmirulad daiRupa 1942 wels
CrdiloeT afrikaSi el-alameinis brZola-
Si.
amasobaSi ki sabWoTa kavSirma omi daiw-
yo fineTTan. patara fineTma gmiruli wina-
aRmdegoba gauwia wiTel imperias da, mar-
Talia, iZulebuli gaxda teritoriis na-
wili daeTmo, magram damoukidebloba ma-
inc SeinarCuna. fineTis winaaRmdeg mebr-
Zol sabWoTa SenaerTebSi qarTvelebic
iyvnen. Svid maTgans sabWoTa kavSiris gmi-
ris wodeba mieniWa.
hitlerisa da stalinis „mokavSireoba“
xanmokle aRmoCnda. 1941 wlis 22 ivniss ger-
mania Tavs daesxa sabWoTa kavSirs. daiwyo
meore msoflio omis yvelaze mniSvnelo-
vani da gadamwyveti periodi.
omis dawyebisas aTeul aTasobiT qarT-
veli axalgazrda samxedro-savaldebulo
samsaxurSi iyo gawveuli da pirvelive dRe-
ebidan mouwia sabrZolo moqmedebebSi mo-
nawileoba. omis pirveli etapi sabWoTa kav-
SirisaTvis katastrofuli gamodga. germa-
nelebi win miiwevdnen. marTalia, 1941 wlis
dekemberSi moskovTan gamarTul brZolaSi
germanelebma marcxi iwvnies da ukan daxe-
vac mouwiaT, magram ssrk-is mdgomareoba
mainc Zalian mZime iyo. aseT viTarebaSi sab-
WoTa xelmZRvanelobam gadawyvita daewyo
erovnuli diviziebis Camoyalibebac. am na-
bijs unda gaeRvivebina patriotuli ganw-
yoba, aemaRlebina brZolisunarianoba.
1942 wlis zamTarSi daiwyo qarTuli Sena-
erTebis Camoyalibeba. Seiqmna Semdegi qar-
Tuli diviziebi: 224-e, 242-e, 276-e, 296-e,

25
istoria
sanWaro
maruxi
gagra qluxori
soxumi
oCamCire
quTaisi
baTumi
349-e, 351-e, 386-e, 388-e, 394-e, 392-e, 406-e,
414-e. maTma umetesobam Tavisi sabrZolo
gza kavkasiisaTvis mimdinare brZolaSi da-
iwyo da metad mZime danakargi ganicada. im
sisxlismRvrel brZolebSi, romlebic kav-
kasionis uReltexilebis (maruxi, sanWaro,
qluxori da sxv.) dasakaveblad mimdina-
reobda, aqtiurad monawileobda adgilob-
rivi mosaxleobac.
gansakuTrebiT gamosayofia qarTvele-
bis msxverpli qerCis naxevarkunZulze gan-
xorcielebuli operaciis dros. samxedro
xelmZRvanelobis araprofesionalizmisa
da uyuradRebobis gamo daSvebulma Sec-
domebma, arasworma gadawyvetilebebma da
sxva mizezebmac ganapiroba didi msxverpli
1942 wlis maisSi, rodesac germanelebma Se-
teva ganaxorcieles. qerCis naxevarkunZu-
lze dislocirebuli iyo qarTuli Senaer-
Tebi. TiTqmis mTlianad ganadgurda 224-e
divizia. saerTod, qerCis brZolebSi daax-
loebiT asi aTasamde qarTveli mebrZoli
daiRupa. kavkasiisaTvis mimdinare brZola-
Si germanelTa damarcxebisa da ukan daxe-
vis Semdeg qarTuli diviziebi sxvadasxva
frontze mimdinare brZolebSi monawile-
obdnen. mag., 242-e divizia ukrainis me-4
frontis SemadgenlobaSi gadaiyvanes da
omis bolo etapze is CexoslovakiaSi ibr-
Zoda. 276-e divizia monawileobda qalaq
kievisaTvis mimdinare brZolebSi, xolo
414-e divizia – yirimis naxevarkunZulisa
da qalaq sevastopolisTvis mimdinare sa-
brZolo operaciebSi.
qarTuli diviziebis garda, cxadia, qar-
Tvelebi sxva (araerovnul) SenaerTebSic
ibrZodnen: qveiTTa nawilebSi, aviaciaSi,
sazRvao flotSi. qarTveli mebrZolebi mo-
nawileobdnen yvela im mniSvnelovan brZo-
laSi, romelic germania-ssrk-is frontze
mimdinareobda 1941-1945 wlebSi. omSi cal-
26
cxinvali
Tbilisi Telavi
keul sajariso SenaerTebs xelmZRvanelob-
dnen generlebi: konstantine leseliZe (46-e
armiis sardali), porfire CanCibaZe, vladi-
mer janjRava, vladimer naneiSvili, estate
tatanaSvili da sxv.
qarTvelebi aseve aqtiurad monawile-
obdnen im partizanul razmebSi, romlebic
aqtiurad moqmedebdnen germanelTa zurg-
Si ukrainisa da belarusis teritoriaze.
germaniis damarcxebis Semdeg sabWoTa
kavSirma omi gamoucxada iaponias da Tavisi
SeiaraRebuli Zalebis nawili aRmosav-
leTSi gadaisrola. amitom qarTvelebs ia-
poniis winaaRmdegac mouxdaT brZolebSi
monawileoba.
meore msoflio omis dros saqarTve-
lodan sabWoTa jarSi gawveuli iyo 700
aTasze meti mebrZoli, maTgan 300 aTasze
meti daiRupa.
250 aTasi mebrZoli dajildovda ssrk-is
sxvadasxva ordeniTa da medlebiT. 164
kacs mieniWa sabWoTa kavSiris gmiris wo-
deba.
aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom,
marTalia, uSualod saqarTvelos terito-
ukraina
rumineTi ruseTi
yirimis n-k
qerCi
bulgareTi
Savi zRva
saqarTvelo
TurqeTi

riaze samxedro moqmedebebi faqtobrivad
ar mimdinareobda, magram samagierod saqar-
TveloSi iseve, rogorc ssrk-is sxva araoku-
pirebul regionebSi, TiTqmis mTeli mrewve-
loba samxedro warmoebaze iyo gadayvanili.
soflebidan sursaT-sanovage frontze ig-
zavneboda. saqarTvelom Seifara sabWoTa
kavSiris okupirebuli teritoriebidan ga-
moxiznuli aTasobiT ltolvili.
daaxloebiT 35 aTasi qarTveli ibrZo-
da germaniis mxares. es iyvnen saqarTve-
loSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis
Semdeg emigraciaSi wasuli adamianebi an
maTi STamomavlebi, umetesad ki, germania-
ssrk-is omis pirvel etapze tyved Cavard-
nili qarTveli sabWoTa meomrebi, romleb-
mac tyveTa banakebSi yofnas germanelebis
mxareze gadasvla amjobines. qarTvelTa-
gan Seqmnili iyo calkeuli batalionebi,
romlebic monawileobas iRebdnen sabrZo-
lo moqmedebebSi. unda aRiniSnos, rom ger-
maniis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis vermaxtis Se-
madgenlobaSi arsebobda ara mxolod qar-
Tuli, aramed sabWoTa kavSiris Semadgen-
lobaSi myofi sxva erebis warmomadgenle-
bisagan Semdgari sajariso SenaerTebic.
iyo somxebis, azerbaijanelebis, Crdilo-
eT kavkasielebis, kazakebis da sxv. erovnu-
li SenaerTebi. yvelaze mravalricxovani
ki, cxadia, rusebiT iyo dakompleqtebuli.
vermaxtis SemadgenlobaSi qarTuli
legionis Seqmnis gadawyvetileba 1942
wlis zamTarSi miiRes. mis formirebaSi
РОА (Русская Освободителная Армия –
qarT. rusuli gamaTavisuflebeli ar-
mia), – romelsac ufro vlasovis armi-
is saxeliT moixseniebdnen, radgan
germanelebis mxareze gadasuli sab-
WoTa generali vlasovi xelmZRvane-
lobda.
qarTvelebi II msoflio omSi
Salva maRlakeli-
Zes (1893-1976) sxva-
dasxva mniSvnelo-
vani Tanamdeboba eka-
va 1918 - 1921 ww.-Si:
iyo Tbilisis gene-
ral-gubernatori,
afxazeTis general-
gubernatori. 1923 w.
wavida emigraciaSi.
30-iani wlebis dasaw-
yisSi TanamSromlo-
ba daiwyo germaniis
dazvervasTan. 1941 w.
gaigzavna germanelebis mier okupirebul
poloneTSi, raTa daewyo mzadeba qarTuli
legionis Sesaqmnelad. meore msoflio omis
Semdeg cxovrobda dasavleT germaniaSi.
1954 wels sabWoTa specsamsaxurebma moita-
ces miunxenSi da jer aRmosavleT germania-
Si, Semdeg ki sabWoTa kavSirSi gadaiyvanes.
garkveuli xani dapatimrebisa da dakiTx-
vebis Semdeg Salva maRlakeliZe gaaTavi-
sufles da neba darTes sakuTari saxeliTa
da gvariT saqarTveloSi ecxovra.
`qarTuli legionis~
(1941-1945) emblema
germanel oficrebze metad qarTveli emi-
grantebi monawileobdnen. germania-ssrk-
is omis dawyebis Semdeg qarTuli emigra-
ciis azri orad gaiyo. erTni mxars uWerd-
nen germanias da miiCnvdnen, rom omSi ssrk-
is damarcxebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli
iqneboda garkveuli saxiT saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis aRdgena. amgvari viTa-
reba iyo pirveli msoflio omis drosac,
rodesac qarTveli emigrantebi omSi ger-
maniisa da misi mokavSireebis gamarjvebis
SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoeb-
rivi damoukideblobis aRdgenas varau-
dobdnen. maSinac Seiqmna qarTvelTagan da-
kompleqtebuli samxedro SenaerTi – „qar-
Tuli legioni“, romelic germaniisa da
misi mokavSireebis mxares ibrZoda.
emigrantTa meore nawili kategoriuli
winaaRmdegi iyo nacistebTan TanamSromlo-
bisa, radgan nacistebi maTTvis ara mxolod
sabWoTa kavSiris, aramed dasavleT evro-
pisa da amerikis saxelmwifoebis mtrebi iyv-
nen da, amdenad, safrTxes mTeli civilize-
27
istoria

buli msofliosTvis warmoadgendnen.

qarTuli legionis Seqmnas saTaveSi ed-
ga Salva maRlakeliZe. legionis Camoyali-
beba poloneTSi daiwyo, varSavis maxlob-
lad. vermaxtis SemadgenlobaSi moqmedeb-
da Semdegi qarTuli batalionebi: 795-e ba- TinaTin quTelia
talioni „Salva maRlakeliZe“, 796-e bata-
lioni, 797-e batalioni „giorgi saakaZe“,
798-e batalioni „mefe erekle II bagratio-
ni“, 799-e batalioni „mefe daviT aRmaSene-
beli“, 822-e batalioni „Tamar mefe“, 823-e
batalioni „SoTa rusTaveli“, 824-e bata-
lioni „ilia WavWavaZe“. qarTvelebiT iyo
dakompleqtebuli aseve sadiversio-sade-
santo razmebi: „Tamar I“ da „Tamar II“. ger-
maniis samxedro xelmZRvanelobis gadaw-
yvetilebiT Seiqmna aseve sagangebo daniS-
nulebis batalioni „bergmani“, romelic
dakompleqtebuli iyo qarTvelebiT, azer-
baijanelebiT, somxebiTa da CrdiloeT kav-
germaniis mxares mebrZoli qarTvele-
kasielebiT („bergmanSi“ iyo sami qarTuli bis Sesaxeb sagangebo naSromebi aqvs
aseuli). giorgi mamulias, Грузинский легион в
борьбе за свободу и независимость Гру-
pirveli sabrZolo naTloba vermaxtis зии в годы Второй мировой войны, 2003;
SemadgenlobaSi myofma qarTulma Senaer- Грузинский легион вермахта, 2011.

28
 qarTvelebi II msoflio omSi

Tebma 1942 wels kavkasiisaTvis mimdinare

brZolebSi miiRes. iyo SemTxvevebi, rode-
sac frontis orive mxares qarTuli erov-
nuli SenaerTebi idgnen. ase iyo mag., mdina-
re baqsanis maxloblad, sadac germaniis
armiis mxridan brZolebSi CarTuli iyo
795-e batalioni, sabWoTa armiis mxridan
ki– 392-e divizia. orive mxridan mimdinare-
obda aqtiuri propagandistuli muSaoba,
mowinaaRmdege mxareze myofi qarTvelebis
gadasabireblad. iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac
sabWoTa armiis qarTveli meomrebi germa-
niis mxares gadadiodnen da piriqiT. qarTuli legioni
kavkasiisaTvis mimdinare brZolaSi gan-
cdili marcxis Semdeg vermaxtis xelmZRva- diaSi, kunZul teqselze, dislocirebuli
nelobam qarTuli batalionebis umetesoba 822-e batalionis bedi. 1945 wlis 5-dan 6 ap-
yirimSi gadaiyvana, sadac isini 1944 wlis rilis Rames batalioni leitenant Salva
dasawyisamde darCnen. qarTuli SenaerTe- lolaZis xelmZRvanelobiT ajanyda. ger-
bis erTi mcire nawili 1943 wels kurskis manelebma kunZulze damatebiTi samxedro
cnobil brZolaSi monawileobda. Zalebi gagzavnes. brZolebi ramdenime kvi-
ra gagrZelda. batalionis TiTqmis 2/3
1944 wels qarTuli SenaerTebi vermax- brZolaSi daiRupa. gadarCenili da patar-
tis xelmZRvanelobam dasavleTis front- patara razmebad dafantuli qarTveli meb-
ze gadaiyvana. omis dasrulebas isini saf- rZolebi 20 maisamde ganagrZobdnen wina-
rangeTis, italiis, daniis, holandiis te- aRmdegobas, vidre kunZulze kanaduri Se-
ritoriaze Sexvdnen. aRsaniSnavia holan- naerTebi ar gadmosxdnen da germanelebi ar

kurskis brZola gaimarTa 1943 wlis ivlis-agvistoSi. germaniis samxedro xelmZRvanelobam dagegma Sete-
viTi operacia „citadeli“, romelic mowinaaRmdegis ramdenime armiis alyaSi moqcevasa da ganadgurebas
gulisxmobda. sabWoTa jarebma SeZles Setevis mogerieba da warmatebuli kontrieriSiT mowinaaRmdege da-
amarcxes. am brZolis Semdeg strategiuli upiratesoba sabolood sabWoTa armiis mxares gadavida. kurs-
kis brZola, romelmac II msoflio omis istoriaSi erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi roli iTamaSa, ginesis
wignSia Setanili, rogorc yvela drois yvelaze masStaburi satanko dapirispireba.

29
istoria
ganaiaraRes. sainteresoa, rom teqselis
ajanyebis monawile gadarCenili qarTve-
lebi sabWoTa xelisuflebam cimbirSi ga-
daasaxla da mxolod ramdenime wlis Sem-
deg gaaTavisufla.
aRsaniSnavia, rom safrangeTisa da po-
loneTis okupaciis Semdeg am qveynebis te-
ritoriaze germanelebis winaaRmdeg mim-
dinare aralegalur-partizanul brZo-
laSi am saxelmwifoebSi jer kidev omamde
mcxovrebi qarTvelebic monawileobdnen.
safrangeTis winaaRmdegobis moZraoba-
Si monawileobdnen: qeTevan barnovi, gior-
gi lomaZe, giorgi gvazava, sergi wulaZe da
sxv.
poloneTSi erT-erTi aseTi pirovneba
iyo, Cven mier ukve naxsenebi valerian Tev-
zaZe. 1944 wels varSavis ajanyebisas daiRu-
pa irine sxirtlaZe, kapitan arkadi sxirt-
laZis qaliSvili.
germania-ssrk-is frontze milionobiT
tyved Cavardnil sabWoTa jariskacs Soris,
cxadia, qarTvelebic iyvnen. maTi nawili
germaniis mier okupirebuli qveynebis teri-
30
ruseTis imperiis armiis
podpolkovniki valeri-
an TevzaZe (1892-1983)
1918-1921 wlebSi msaxu-
robda saqarTvelos res-
publikis armiaSi, mona-
wileobda TiTqmis yvela
sabrZolo moqmedebaSi.
iyo generaluri Stabis
oficeri da imave dros
sajariso wesdebebisa da
instruqciebis SemmuSa-
vebeli komisiis mdivanic. 1921 wels wavida
emigraciaSi. damkvidrda poloneTSi da Sevida
poloneTis jarSi. 1939 wels meTaurobda varSa-
vis CrdiloeT nawilis dacvas. okupaciis dros
ibrZoda „armia kraiovaSi“. iyo diviziis Stabis
ufrosi. sabWoTa okupaciis periodSi cxovrobda
kJiJanovskis gvariT. dajildoebuli iyo „virtu-
ti militaris“ ordeniT. gardaicvala 1983 wels.
sikvdilis win gaamxila Tavisi namdvili gvari.
saflavze aweria: `rogorc qarTveli, visurveb-
di, rom saqarTveloSi vyofiliyavi dakrZaluli,
magram bednieri var imiTac, rom davikrZalebi
gmiri da keTilSobili polonelebis miwaze~.
 qarTvelebi II msoflio omSi

toraze arsebul tyveTa banakebSi iyo gada-

yvanili. qarTveli tyveebis nawili gaqcevas
axerxebda da adgilobriv partizanebs
uerTdeboda. qarTvelebi ibrZodnen bal-
kaneTSi, poloneTSi, italiaSi, safrangeTSi.
ase, magaliTad, safrangeTSi ramdenime aseu-
li qarTveli ibrZoda frangi partizanebis
mxardamxar. aranaklebi raodenoba qarTve-
lebisa ibrZoda italiaSic. italiis erovnu-
li gmiris wodeba mieniWa fore mosuliS-
vils. italiis saxelmwifos jildoTi, med-
liT mxedruli mamacobisTvis dajildovda
giorgi varazaSvili, igive kapitani monti,
rogorc mas italielebi eZaxdnen. orive
germanelebTan Setakebisas daiRupa.
meore msoflio omis dros saqarTvelos
damoukidebloba dakarguli hqonda da
qarTvelebi kacobriobis istoriaSi am yve-
laze sastik da sisxlismRvrel omSi sxva sa-
xelmwifoTa droSebis qveS monawileobdnen.
qarTvelTa udidesi umravlesoba germani-
isa da misi mokavSireebis winaaRmdeg ibrZo-
da. saqarTvelom da qarTvelebma am omisas
sxva, teritoriulad did da mosaxleobis
mxriv mravalricxovan saxelmwifoebze didi
partizanebTan erTad moqmedi qarTveli
msxverpli gaiRes.
tyveebi, q. marseli, 1944, irakli gegeWkoris
(1911-1987) fotoarqividan

dacemuli raixstagis Tavze sabWoTa droSas aRmarTavs meliton qanTaria, 1945 wlis 30 aprili

31