JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
a. Court of Tax Appeal - Court which hold cases
Judicial Power
The power to apply the laws to contests or
disputes concerning legally recognized rights
and duties between the state and private
persons, or between individual litigants. in
cases properly brought about before judicial
tribunals having a power to interpret the
laws.
1. Adjudicatory power
- power to use law to solve an issue and to
determine the abuses made.
2. Judicial Review
-power to review the validity of the laws.
3. Incidental Power
- judgement of contempt.
kinds of offenses
1. Criminal Case - an offense which affect the
community such as killings, massacre, and
ete..
2. Civil Case - an offense which affect two or
more individual such as failure to comply to a
contract.
Classification of Court According to Origin
1. Constitutional Court
-the Supreme Court, the only Court mandated
by the constitution to be created
2..Statutory Court -courts created by the law
(Lower Court)
Classification of Court According to Case
1. Special Court - court which has a limited
jurisdiction
related to tax.
b. Sandigan bayan - Court which hold the
cases related to graft and corruption.
c. Court of Appeals - court on which cases are
held for appeal to be rejudged
d. Shariah Court - court which holds the cases
of civil offenses related to Muslims.
2. Regular Court
- court which handles those common cases.
Composition of Supreme Court
- One Chief Justice
- Fourteen Associate Justices
Qualifications of a Chief Justice
1. Natural Born Citizen of the Philippines.
2. At least 40 years of age.
3. Must have 15 years or more experience being a
judge of a lower court or engaged in the practice of
law in the Philippines.
4.Must be a person of a proven
competence,integrity,probity,and independence.
5. Must be a Member of Integrated Bar of the
Philippines.
Appointment of a Chief Justice/ Associate
1. A list is submitted by the Judicial and
BarCouncil to the President.
2. The President will appoint the Justice but
it cannot remove any justice being appointed.
3. Retirement age is 70 years old.