Introduction To SRv6 Microsid - BRKSPG-3058

#CiscoLiveAPJC
Introduction to SRv6 uSID
Jakub Horn
Principal Technical Marketing Engineer
BRKSPG-3058
#CiscoLiveAPJC
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#CiscoLiveAPJC BRKSPG-3058 © 2022 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
• Introduction
• SRv6 uSID Dataplane
• SRv6 uSID Control Plane
Agenda • Flexible Algorithm

• SRv6 Addressing
• MPLS to SRv6 Migration
• Conclusion
Introduction
Understanding Today’s Service Creation
Limited Cross-domain Automation, Cumbersome Service Assurance
Legacy Central Office

Complex E2E Quality of Service (QoS)
Metro Network Domain Core Network Domain Data Center Domain
L2VPN L3VPN VXLAN VNF VNF
Aggregation
Ethernet MPLS IP
Access
Centralized Services Delivery
Hardware
Appliances
End-to-end service provisioning is lengthy and complex

• Multiple network domains under different management teams
• Manual operations
• Heterogeneous underlay and overlay networks
SR-MPLS: SDN ready
“Network as a Fabric” for Service Creation
Homogenous Cross-domain Automation & Assurance
SDN
Control
Cloud Scale Networking
Central Office
SDN SDN SDN
Access Metro Network Domain Core Network Domain Data Center Domain
VPN L2/L3
VNF VNF
Aggregation
VNF
Segment Routing
VNF
Compute Leaf Spine

End-to-end service provisioning is simple

• Multiple network domains under same management teams
• Automated operations
• Homogenous underlay and overlay networks
SRv6: SDN, NfV, 5G ready
“Network as an API” for Service Creation
Homogenous Cross-domain Automation & Assurance
SDN
Control
Cloud Scale Networking
Central Office
SDN SDN SDN
Access Metro Network Domain Core Network Domain Data Center Domain
Segment Routing v6 (transport, services and programmability) VNF VNF
Aggregation
VNF
VNF
Compute Leaf Spine

End-to-end service provisioning is integrated with NfV, SDN

• Multiple network domains under same management teams
• Automated operations
• Integrated underlay and overlay networks (NfV)
• Network as API (NfV)
• Hyper Scale (5G)
Dataplane
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
IPv6 SR Header
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Payload Length | Next Header
43 | Hop Limit |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
| Source Address |
• IPv6 header | |
RFC 2460
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• Next header field: 43 → Routing |
| Destination Address
|
|
| |
• IPv6 Routing extension header |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|
• Generic header format defined in RFC 2460 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

• Next Header: IPv4, TCP, UDP, … | Next Header | Hdr Ext Len | Routing 4 Type | Segments Left |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| First Segment | Flags | Tag |
• Hdr Ext Len: Any IPv6 device can skip this header +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
• Segments Left: Ignore extension header if equal to 0 | Segment List[0] (128 bits IPv6 address) |
| |
• Specific data depends on Routing Type field:

| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
• 0 Source Route (deprecated since 2007) . .
. ... .
SR specific
• 1 Nimrod (deprecated since 2009) .
|
.
|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• 2 Mobility (RFC 6275) | |
| Segment List[n-1] (128 bits IPv6 address) |
• 3 RPL Source Route (RFC 6554) |
|
|
|
• 4 Segment Routing (tentative) +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
// //
// Optional Type Length Value objects (variable) //
// //
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
IPv6 SR Header
|Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Payload Length | Next 43Header | Hop Limit |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
| Source Address |
| |
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
• Each segment is an IPv6 address |

|
Destination Address |
|
| Active Segment |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• Segments are encoded in reverse order
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• Last segment index is 0 | Next Header | Hdr Ext Len | Routing 4 Type | Segments Left |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• First segment index is First Segment

| First Segment | Flags | Tag |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
Last Segment / Final
bitsDestination
• Active segment index is Segments Left
| Segment List[0] (128 IPv6 address) |
| |
| @Segment List [0] |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• Active Segment is copied in the |

.
|
.
Active Segment
Destination Address field of the IP header
. ... .
. .
| @Segment List [Segments Left] |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
• Additional data can be stored in TLVs |

| First
Segment List[n-1] Segment
(128 bits IPv6 address)
|
|
| |
@Segment List [First Segment]
• Security (HMAC), NFV metadata, … |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|
// //
// Optional Type Length Value objects (variable) //
// //
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
SRv6 Full SID
64 64 64 64
:/ :/ :/ :/
:1: :2: :3: :4:
8:0 8:0 8:0 8:0
b b b b
1:d 1:d 1:d 1:d
00 00 00 00
2 2 2 2
S R R1 R2 R3 R4
BGP:2001:db8:0:4:eeee::
SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:0:1:1:: DA:2001:db8:0:2:1:: DA:2001:db8:0:3:48::
NH:RH NH:RH NH:RH SA:2001::1
Type:4(SRH) DA:2001:db8:0:4:eeee::
Type:4(SRH) Type:4(SRH)
NH:RH
NH:IPv4|SL:3 NH:IPv4|SL:2 NH:IPv4|SL:1
Segment List: Segment List: Segment List:
[0]:2001:db8:0:4:eeee:: [0]:2001:db8:0:4:eeee:: [0]:2001:db8:0:4:eeee::
[1]:2001:db8:0:3:48:: [1]:2001:db8:0:3:48:: [1]:2001:db8:0:3:48::
[2]:2001:db8:0:2:1:: [2]:2001:db8:0:2:1:: [2]:2001:db8:0:2:1::
[3]:2001:db8:0:1:1:: [3]:2001:db8:0:1:1:: [3]:2001:db8:0:1:1::
SID Structure
128 Bits, like IPv6 address but different semantics
1111:2222:3333:4444:5555:6666:7777:8888
Locator FunctionPadding
Block Node
Function Argument
ID
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SRv6 uSID format SRV6 Encapsulation
SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:0:4:1:0:0:0
NH:RH
: 0100 : =SRV6 uSID Type:4(SRH)

NH:IPv4|SL:1
Segment List:
[0]: 2001:db8:0:5:45:0:0:0
16 bits here, but can be anything [1]: 2001:db8:0:4:1:0:0:0
[2]: 2001:db8:0:3:48:0:0:0
[3]: 2001:db8:0:2:1:0:0:0
[4]: 2001:db8:0:1:42:0:0:0
SA:7.5.4.3
DA:11.6.19.71
SRV6 uSID Carrier Port:UDP
UDP Header/Data
2001 :0db8 : 0100 : 0200 : 0300 : 0400 : 0500 : 0000

SRV6 uSID Encapsulation
SRv6 uSID uSID uSID uSID uSID uSID EoC SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:100:200:300:400:500::
Block 1 2 3 4 5 6 NH:Ipv4
SA:7.5.4.3
32 bits here, DA:11.6.19.71
Port:UDP
but can be anything UDP Header/Data
SRv6 uSID F3216
8 8 8 8
:: /4 :/ 4 :/ 4 :/ 4
8:1 :2: :3: :4:
:d
b b8 b8 b8
1 1:d 1:d 1:d
0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20
S R R1 R2 R3 R4
BGP:2001:db8:4:eeee::
SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1

DA:2001:db8:1:2:3:48:4:eeee DA:2001:db8:2:3:48:4:eeee DA:2001:db8:3:48:4:eeee:: DA:2001:db8:4:eeee::
NH:IPV4 NH:IPV4 NH:IPV4 NH:IPV4
Srv6 uSID More Than 6 SIDs? 1
100->200->300->400->500->600->700->800->900->a00->b00 3
Carrier 1 2001 : 0db8 : 0100 : 0200 : 0300 : 0400 : 0500 : 0600
4
Carrier 2 2001 : 0db8 : 0700 : 0800 : 0900 : 0a00 : 0b00 : 0000
5
SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:b00::
DA:2001:db8:a00:b00::
DA:2001:db8:900:a00:b00::
DA:2001:db8:800:900:a00:b00::
DA:2001:db8:700:800:900:a00:b00::
DA:2001:db8:600:0::
DA:2001:db8:500:600:0::
DA:2001:db8:400:500:600:0::
DA:2001:db8:300:400:500:600:0::
DA:2001:db8:200:300:400:500:600:0
DA:2001:db8:100:200:300:400:500:600 6
NH:RH
Shift & Forward 7
Type:4(SRH)
NH:IPv4|SL:1
SL:0 END of Carrier 8
Segment List: -> is there SRH?
[0]: 2001:db8:700:800:900:a00:b00:: Decrement SL 9
SA:7.5.4.3 Copy New SID (Carrier) a

DA:11.6.19.71 PSP
Port:UDP b
UDP Header/Data
The Power of SRv6 uSID
Best SRv6 Compression
• Realizing a network program with “n” intermediate segments ...
SRv6: 208
bytes
SRv6 uSID: 64 80 bytes

64
bytes
40
END – Default endpoint
• Default endpoint behavior (node segment)
• Decrement Segments Left, update DA
• Forward according to new DA
• Node B advertises prefix B::/64 (B::/64 is the SID locator)
• Packets are forwarded to B along the default routes (shortest path)
• On B, the default endpoint behavior is associated with ID 0 (0 is the function)
• The SID corresponding to the default endpoint behavior on node B is B::1
IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = B::0

B
SR Hdr (…,C::,B::1,…) SL=k
B:: /64
Payload C
IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = C::

SR Hdr (…,C::,B::1,…) SL=k-1
Payload
uN: shortest-path to a Node
• Global uSID that represents the shortest path to a node N
• 2001:db8:0N00::
• Shift&Forward
Just Like END
If EoC -> then it is exactly END example: 2001:db8:200:0::
R1 R2
SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:100:200:f2a3:500:f5d1:: DA:2001:db8:200:f2a3:500:f5d1::
NH:Ipv4 NH:Ipv4
END.X – Endpoint then Xconnect
• Endpoint xconnect behavior (adjacency segment)
• Decrement Segments Left, update DA
• Forward on the interface associated with the Xconnect segment
• Node C advertises prefix C::/64
• Packets are forwarded to C along the default routes (shortest path)
• On C, the endpoint xconnect behavior for link (C, E) is associated with ID CE
• The SID corresponding to endpoint xconnect-(C,E) behavior on node C is
C::CE IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = D::
SR Hdr (…,D::,C::C1,…)SL=k-1
Payload
1
IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = C::C1
C D
SR Hdr (…,D::, C::C1,…) SL=k
C:: /64
Payload
2
uA: xconnect into L3 adjacency
• Local uSID that represents the L3 adjacency from node N to J
• 2001:db8:FNAJ::
• Shift&Forward to xconnect
• Just Like END.X (if EoC =END.X)

R3
R2
R4
SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1
DA:2001:db8:200:f2a4:500:f5d1:: DA:2001:db8:500:f5d1::
NH:Ipv4 NH:Ipv4
END.DX4 – Endpoint with Decapsulation and
Xconnect (END.DX6, END.DX2)
• Segments Left must be 0
• NH must be IPv4 (or IPv6 or L2)
• Decapsulate inner packet
• Forward on the interface associated with the Xconnect
• Node D advertises prefix C::/64
• Packets are forwarded to D along the default routes (shortest path)
• On C, the endpoint xconnect behavior for link (D, E) is associated with ID DE
• It is like L3 VPN with per CE label allocation
IPv4 packet
1
IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = D::C1
D
SR Hdr (…, D::C1) SL=0
D:: /64
IPv4 packet
2
END.DT4 – Endpoint with Decapsulation and
Table lookup(END.DT6)
• Segments Left must be 0
• NH must be IPv4 (or IPv6)
• Decapsulate inner packet
• Do the lookup for IPv4 destination of inner packet and forward accordingly
• Node D advertises prefix D::/64
• Packets are forwarded to D along the default routes (shortest path)
• On C, the endpoint behavior for link (D, E) is associated with ID CE
• It is like L3 VPN with per VRF label allocation
IPv4 packet
1
IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = D::1
D
SR Hdr (…, D::1) SL=0
D:: /64
IPv4 packet
2
Control Plane
Functions might be signaled differently
Signalling IGP BGP-LS BGP- Signalling IGP BGP- BGP-
IP/VPN LS IP/VPN
End, uN Yes Yes T.insert Yes
End.X, uA Yes Yes T.Encap Yes
End.T Yes Yes
End.DX4,uDX4 Yes Yes
End.DX6,uDX6 Yes Yes Yes
End.DX2,uDX2 Yes Yes Locator – routing table

END.DT4,uDT4 Yes Yes
End.DT6,uDT6 Yes Yes Yes
End.B Yes
IGP for uSID
• Uses TLVs
• For Srv6:
• Locator – for Reachability (twice for backward compatibility)
• END function - TI-LFA and TE uN: fcbb:bb00:2::
uA: fcbb:bb00:2:e000
• END.X function for each interface in routing protocol TI-LFA Ten0/0/0/0 2001:0:12::/64
and TE
2001::2/128 Lo0 Router 2
• Capabilities: uA: fcbb:bb00:2:e001
Ten0/0/0/1 fe80::dead/64
• Max SID depth for different functions Locator :
fcbb:bb00:2::/48
• OSPF will follow
ISIS example
IS-IS 1 (Level-2) Link State Database
LSPID LSP Seq Num LSP Checksum LSP Holdtime/Rcvd ATT/P/OL
r2.00-00 0x00000009 0x4f06 1145 /1200 0/0/0
Area Address: 49
NLPID: 0x8e
Hostname: r1
IPv6 Address: 2001::2
Metric: 10 MT (IPv6 Unicast) IPv6 2001::2/128
Prefix Attribute Flags: X:0 R:0 N:1 E:0 A:0
Metric: 1 MT (IPv6 Unicast) IPv6 fcbb:bb00:2::/48
Locator
MT: IPv6 Unicast 0/0/0 Capabilities
SRv6 Locator: MT (IPv6 Unicast) fcbb:bb00:2::/48 D:0 Metric: 0 Algorithm: 0
END SID: fcbb:bb00:2:: uN (PSP/USD)
END
SID Structure:
Block Length: 32, Node-ID Length: 16, Func-Length: 0, Args-Length: 0
END.X
Router Cap: 0.0.0.0 D:0 S:0
IPv6 Router ID: 2001::2 SID Structure
SR Algorithm:
Algorithm: 0
Algorithm: 1
SRv6: O:0
Node Maximum SID Depth:
SRH Max SL: 3
SRH Max End Pop: 3
SRH Max T.insert: 3
SRH Max T.encaps: 4
SRH Max End D: 4
Metric: 10 MT (IPv6 Unicast) IS-Extended r2.00
Local Interface ID: 6, Remote Interface ID: 6
Interface IPv6 Address: 2001:0:0:12::1
Neighbor IPv6 Address: 2001:0:0:12::2
END.X SID: fcbb:bb00:2:e000:: B:0 S:0 P:0 uA (PSP/USD) Alg:0
SID Structure:
Block Length: 32, Node-ID Length: 16, Func-Length: 16, Args-Length: 0
Total Level-2 LSP count: 1 Local Level-2 LSP count: 0
BGP
VPNv4 :10.10.22.0/24
• No Changes Required! NH:2001::3
RD-1:1
RT -1:1
uDT– fcbb:bb:3:e002::
IPv4 :10.10.22.0/24 IPv4 :10.10.22.0/24

NH:10.1.21.1 NH:10.3.22.22
eBGP eBGP
2001::3
2001::1
CE 1 IPv6 Locator – fcbb:bb00:3::/48

3 CE
10.1.21.21
10.1.21.1
10.3.22.3
10.3.22.22
uDT – fcbb:bb00:3:e002::
BGP
SA:2001::1
DA:fcbb:bb00:3:e002:
NH:IPv6
SA:10.10.21.10
DA:10.10.22.10
NH:UDP
UDP Header/Data
2001::3
2001::1
SA:10.10.21.10 SA:10.10.21.10
DA:10.10.22.10 DA:10.10.22.10
NH:UDP NH:UDP
UDP Header/Data UDP Header/Data
CE 1 IPv6 3 CE
10.1.21.21
10.3.22.3
10.1.21.1
10.3.22.22
uDT – fcbb:bb00:3:e002::
Flexible
Algorithm
Flexible Algorithm
• We call “Flex-Algo”
• The algorithm is defined by the operator, on a per-deployment basis
• Flex-Algo K is defined as
• The minimization of a specified metric: IGP, delay, …
• The exclusion of certain link properties: link-affinity, SRLG, …
• Example
• Operator1 defines Flex-Algo 128 as “minimize IGP metric and avoid link-affinity “green”
• Operator2 defines Flex-Algo 128 as “minimize delay metric and avoid link-affinity “blue”
IPv6 Only –SRv6
SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator
fcbb:bb00:2::/64 IGP fcbb:bb00:4::/64 fcbb:bb00:6::/64
10
IGP
2 4 6
10
IGP
30
IGP IGP
SRv6 Locator 30 10
SRv6 Locator
fcbb:bb00:1::/64 fcbb:bb00:8::/64
IGP
10 IGP
CE 1 10 IGP
10 8 CE
IGP IGP
10 10
IGP
IGP 20
3 30
5 7
IGP
SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator 10 SRv6 Locator
fcbb:bb00:3::/64 fcbb:bb00:5::/64 fcbb:bb00:7::/64
L3VPN Algo 0 iBGP
IGP
10
IPv4 :10.1.11.0/24 IGP VPNv4
IPv4 :10.1.11.0/24
2 4 6
10
END.DX
IGP fcbb:bb00:8:e000::
eBGP 30 eBGP
IGP IGP
30 10
Locator fcbb:bb00:8::/64
IGP
10 IGP
CE 1 10 IGP
10 8 CE
IGP IGP
10
10 END.DX4
fcbb:bb00:8:e000::
IGP
IGP 20
3 30
5 7
IGP
10
L3VPN iBGP
IGP
10
IGP
2 4 6
10
IGP
30
IGP IGP
30 10
Locator fcbb:bb00:8::/64
SA:2001::1
DA:fcbb:bb00:8:e000:: IGP
VPNv4 :10.1.11.0/24
10 IGP
1 8
NH:IPv4END.DX fcbb:bb00:8:45::
CE SA:10.1.10.10
10 IGP
10 CE
DA:10.1.11.11
NH:UDP IGP IGP
10 10
UDP Header/Data END.DX4
fcbb:bb00:8:e000::
IGP
IGP 20
3 30
5 7
IGP
10
Flex ALGO 128
Definition: SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator
Metric-Delay fcbb:bb01:2::/64 Delay fcbb:bb01:4::/64 fcbb:bb01:6::/64
Exclude link BLUE 5ms
Delay
2 4 6
10ms
Delay
20ms
Delay
5ms Delay
SRv6 Locator 20ms
SRv6 Locator
fcbb:bb01:1::/64 fcbb:bb01:8::/64
Delay
1ms Delay
CE 1 1ms Delay
1ms 8 CE
Delay Delay
1ms 5ms
Delay
Delay 5ms
3 15ms
5 7
Delay
SRv6 Locator SRv6 Locator 15ms SRv6 Locator
fcbb:bb01:3::/64 fcbb:bb01:5::/64 fcbb:bb01:7::/64
Link Delay Measurement Protocol
TX Timestamp T1 RX Timestamp T2
Querier Responder
PM Query Packet A::2
A::1 PM Response Packet
PM Query and Response using

RFC 6374 packet format
RX Timestamp T4 TX Timestamp T3
One-Way Delay = (T2 – T1) • For one-way delay measurement, hardware clocks must be synchronized
Two-Way Delay = (T4 – T1) – (T3 – T2) using PTP (IEEE 1588) between querier and responder nodes.
One-Way Delay = Two-Way Delay/2
L3VPN VRF128 iBGP
IGP Delay VPNv4 :10.128.11.0/24

10 5ms
IPv4 :10.128.11.0/24 IGP Delay IPv4 :10.128.11.0/24
2 4 6
10 10ms
END.DX
Delay IGP fcbb:bb01:8:e000::
eBGP 5ms 30 Delay eBGP
IGP 20ms
IGP
30 10
Delay Locator fcbb:bb01:8::/64
IGP 1ms
10 IGP
CE 1 10 IGP
10 8 CE
Delay
IGP IGP
10
10
1ms Delay END.DX4
5ms fcbb:bb01:8:e000::
IGP Delay
Delay IGP 20 5ms
3 15ms 30
5 7
IGP
10
L3VPN Flex Algo 128
IPv4 :10.128.11.0/24 – END.DX fcbb:bb01:8:44::
iBGP
Delay
5ms
Delay
2 4 6
10ms
Delay
5ms Delay
20ms
SA:2001::1
Locator Flex ALGO 128
Delay
1 8
DA:fcbb:bb01:8:e000:: fcbb:bb01:8::/64
CE NH:IPv4 1ms
CE
SA:10.128.10.10
DA:10.128.11.11 Delay Delay
NH:UDP 1ms 5ms
END.DX4
UDP Header/Data
fcbb:bb01:8:e000::
Delay
Delay 5ms
3 15ms
5 7
All Together
SA:2001::1
DA:fcbb:bb00:8:e000::
NH:IPv4
SA:10.1.10.10
DA:10.1.11.11
SA:10.128.10.10
DA:10.128.11.11
2 4 6 NH:UDP
UDP Header/Data
NH:UDP
UDP Header/Data
END.DX4 FA0
fcbb:bb01:0:e000::
Locator Flex ALGO 0
fcbb:bb00:8::/64
CE 1 Locator Flex ALGO 128

8 CE
fcbb:bb01:8::/64
SA:10.1.10.10 END.DX4 FA128

DA:10.1.11.11
NH:UDP fcbb:bb01:8:e000::
3 5 7
UDP Header/Data SA:2001::1
DA:fcbb:bb01:8:e000::
NH:IPv4
SA:10.128.10.10
DA:10.128.11.11
NH:UDP
UDP Header/Data
SRv6 Addressing
Separation between SIDs and addresses
• Infrastructure addressing and SRv6 SID allocation belong to two different
planes and are different
• Infrastructure IP addresses (e.g., link interfaces, loopbacks) are allocated on the
management plane
• SRv6 SIDs are allocated on the service plane
• SRv6 SIDs are assigned to a node independently from the IP addressing of
that node
• Even if they are both represented as IPv6 addresses, infrastructure
addresses and SIDs cannot be merged and should be allocated off different
blocks.
An existing IPv6 address plan is not a constraint

for a future SRv6 SID allocation plan.
SRv6 Space allocation recommendation
• Private range allocation
• Recommended allocation ü
• Use /24 sub-range from ULA FC00::/8 space
• FCBB:BB00::/24, with B indicating a nibble value picked by operator
• Public range allocation

• Supported, not advised
• From allocated public GUA range
Summarization
Block: FCBB:BB00::/32
Region 1 Core Region Region 2

600 nodes 200 nodes 400 nodes
3 Sets (02, 03, 04) 1 Set (01) 2 Sets (05, 06)
summarize summarize
Summarization gain:
FCBB:BB00:0200::/40 FCBB:BB00:0500::/40
FCBB:BB00:0300::/40
× 256
FCBB:BB00:0600::/40
FCBB:BB00:0400::/40
summarize summarize
FCBB:BB00::/32 FCBB:BB00::/32
MPLS to SRv6
Migration
Dual Connected PE
MPLS PE DUAL Connected PE SRv6 PE
VPN prefix +lbl VPN prefix +SID

BGPv4 BGPv4 BGPv6 BGPv6
LDPv4
Loopback label LDPv4 Locators ISISv6
ISISv6
ISISv4 Loopback addr ISISv4
Lo:1.1.1.1 PE
Lo:1.1.1.1 PE Lo0: A::2 PE Lo0: A::2
VRF
1.
VRF1.
VRF
1.
10.10.1.0/24 10.10.1.0/24 10.10.1.0/24
MPLS Network –Day 0 Lo0:3.3.3.3
PE3VRF 10.10.3.0/24
1.
ISISv4 LDPv4
BGPv4
Lo:1.1.1.1 Lo:2.2.2.2
ISISv4 LDPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

10.10.1.0/24 VRF
1.
PE1 P PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24

1.
BGPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4
RR BGPv4
v4
Lo:4.4.4.4
Lo0: A::3
Enabling IPv6 Routing- Day 1 Lo0:3.3.3.3
PE3VRF 10.10.3.0/24
1.
ISISv6 ISISv4
LDPv4
BGPvpnv4
Lo0: A::1 Lo0: A::2
Lo:1.1.1.1 Lo:2.2.2.2

10.10.1.0/24 VRF
1.
PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24
1.
ISISv6
ISISv4
BGPvpnv4
RR RR BGPvpnv4
v6 v4
Lo0: A::4 Lo:4.4.4.4
Lo0: A::3
Enabling SRv6 –PE1&PE2 Lo0:3.3.3.3
PE3VRF 10.10.3.0/24
1.
ISISv4
Locator: B1::/48 LDPv4
BGPvpnv4 Locator: B2::/48
Lo0: A::1 Lo0: A::2
Lo:1.1.1.1 Lo:2.2.2.2

10.10.1.0/24 VRF
1.
PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24
1.
ISISv6
ISISv4
BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4
RR RR BGPvpnv4
v6 v4
Lo0: A::4 Lo:4.4.4.4
Lo0: A::3
Enabling SRv6 –PE3 Lo0:3.3.3.3
PE3VRF 10.10.3.0/24
1.
BGPvpnv4 ISISv6 ISISv4

Locator: B1::/48 LDPv4
BGPvpnv4 Locator: B1::/48
Lo0: A::1 Lo0: A::2
Lo:1.1.1.1 Lo:2.2.2.2

10.10.1.0/24 VRF
1.
PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24
1.
ISISv6
ISISv4
BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4
RR RR BGPvpnv4
v6 v4
Lo0: A::4 Lo:4.4.4.4
Lo0: A::3
Removing V4
PE3VRF 10.10.3.0/24
1.
BGPvpnv4 ISISv6
Locator: B1::/48 Locator: B1::/48
Lo0: A::1 Lo0: A::2
10.10.1.0/24 VRF
1.
PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24
1.
ISISv6
BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4
RR
v6
Lo0: A::4
Conclusion
© 2017 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved

Rich Ecosystem
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Partners
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Furthermore, with more and functionality

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Introduction To SRv6 Microsid - BRKSPG-3058

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Introduction to SRv6 uSID

4 Enter messages/questions in the Webex space

Webex spaces will be moderated https://ciscolive.ciscoevents.com/ciscolivebot/#BRKSPG-3058

by the speaker until Thursday 22 December, 2022.

Agenda • Flexible Algorithm

Legacy Central Office

L2VPN L3VPN VXLAN VNF VNF

End-to-end service provisioning is lengthy and complex

Compute Leaf Spine

End-to-end service provisioning is simple

Segment Routing v6 (transport, services and programmability) VNF VNF

Compute Leaf Spine

End-to-end service provisioning is integrated with NfV, SDN

• IPv6 Routing extension header |

• Generic header format defined in RFC 2460 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

• Specific data depends on Routing Type field:

• Each segment is an IPv6 address |

• First segment index is First Segment

• Active Segment is copied in the |

• Additional data can be stored in TLVs |

: 0100 : =SRV6 uSID Type:4(SRH)

2001 :0db8 : 0100 : 0200 : 0300 : 0400 : 0500 : 0000

but can be anything UDP Header/Data

SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1 SA:2001::1

SA:7.5.4.3 Copy New SID (Carrier) a

• Realizing a network program with “n” intermediate segments ...

SRv6 uSID: 64 80 bytes

IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = B::0

IPv6 Hdr SA = A::, DA = C::

• Just Like END.X (if EoC =END.X)

End.X, uA Yes Yes T.Encap Yes

End.T Yes Yes

End.DX4,uDX4 Yes Yes

End.DX6,uDX6 Yes Yes Yes

End.DX2,uDX2 Yes Yes Locator – routing table

End.DT6,uDT6 Yes Yes Yes

• OSPF will follow

IPv4 :10.10.22.0/24 IPv4 :10.10.22.0/24

CE 1 IPv6 Locator – fcbb:bb00:3::/48

UDP Header/Data UDP Header/Data

A::1 PM Response Packet

PM Query and Response using

IGP Delay VPNv4 :10.128.11.0/24

Delay Locator fcbb:bb01:8::/64

CE 1 Locator Flex ALGO 128

SA:10.1.10.10 END.DX4 FA128

An existing IPv6 address plan is not a constraint

• Public range allocation

Region 1 Core Region Region 2

VPN prefix +lbl VPN prefix +SID

10.10.1.0/24 10.10.1.0/24 10.10.1.0/24

ISISv4 LDPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

PE1 P PE2VRF 10.10.2.0/24

BGPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

ISISv4 LDPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

ISISv4 LDPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6

BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4 BGPvpnv4

BGPvpnv4 ISISv6 ISISv4

ISISv4 LDPv4 ISISv4 LDPv4

PE1 ISISv6 P ISISv6