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CMOS Analog IC Design Fundamentals

3rd Edition Erik Bruun


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CMOS Analog IC Design:
Fundamentals
3rd edition

© 2022 Erik Bruun & bookboon.com

ISBN 978-87-403-4247-5

Contents
Preface 7

Chapter 1 – Introduction 11
1.1 CMOS technology 11
1.2 Why analog circuit design? 12
1.3 Design methodology 14
References 16
Multiple-choice test 17

Chapter 2 – Basic Concepts 19


2.1 Signals 19
2.2 Circuit elements 24
2.3 Circuit theorems 30
2.4 Circuit analysis 36
References 43
Multiple-choice test 43
Problems 45

Chapter 3 – The MOS Transistor 49


3.1 Fundamentals of pn diodes 49
3.2 Physical characteristics of the MOS transistor 53
3.3 Electrical characteristics of the MOS transistor 56
3.4 Examples of the use of the Shichman-Hodges transistor model
65
3.5 Small-signal models 72
3.6 Deriving a small-signal equivalent circuit from a large-signal
schematic 87
3.7 Advanced transistor models 93
References 97
Multiple-choice test 98
Problems 100

Chapter 4 – Basic Gain Stages 106


4.1 The common-source stage at low frequencies 107
4.2 The common-drain stage at low frequencies 113
4.3 The common-gate stage and the cascode stage at low
frequencies 120
4.4 The differential pair at low frequencies 132
4.5 Frequency response of the basic gain stages 152
References 170
Multiple-choice test 171
Problems 175

Chapter 5 – Multistage Amplifiers 183


5.1 Cascode opamps 185
5.2 The two-stage opamp 186
5.3 The two-stage opamp with feedback 191
References 195
Multiple-choice test 196
Problems 198

Chapter 6 – Feedback 201


6.1 The basic feedback structure 201
6.2 Advantages of feedback 202
6.3 Feedback topologies 211
6.4 The inverting amplifier 215
6.5 Stability 219
6.6 Frequency compensation 238
References 248
Multiple-choice test 249
Problems 251

Chapter 7 – The Two-Stage Opamp 257


7.1 Specifications for a design example 258
7.2 Bandwidth and stability requirements 260
7.3 Bias point and transistor dimensions 264
7.4 Design verification and iteration 269
References 273
Multiple-choice test 273
Problems 275
Chapter 8 – Bias Circuits, Bandgap References
and Voltage Regulators 278
8.1 Current mirrors 278
8.2 Bias current circuits with reduced supply voltage dependency
283
8.3 Bandgap voltage references 288
8.4 Voltage regulators 296
References 302
Multiple-choice test 303
Problems 305

Chapter 9 – Essential Results and Equations 312


9.1 Design methodology 312
9.2 Device models, linear passive devices 314
9.3 Device model, pn diode 314
9.4 Small-signal models 314
9.5 Device models, MOS transistors 315
9.6 Basic gain stages at low frequency 319
9.7 Frequency response of basic gain stages 324
9.8 Feedback 325
9.9 The two-stage opamp 328
9.10 Current mirrors and current sources 329
9.11 Bandgap reference principle 330
9.12 Voltage regulators 331

Appendix A – Answers to Multiple-Choice Tests 332

Appendix B – Answers to End-of-Chapter Problems 334


Appendix C – Transistor Models 339

Index 340
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