Practice for the 2024 MAT136 Exam

Last Updated: Thursday April 4

For more details about the exam, please click on the ”Exam” button on our Quercus homepage.
The exam will cover:
• material from Test 1 (Weeks 1-4)

• material from Test 2 (Weeks 5-8)

• material from Weeks 9-11
– Systems of di↵erential equations
– Convergence of Series, Ratio Test
– Taylor Series and using Ratio Test to find Radius of Convergence
– Power Series and how to use one to find another

In this document, you will find practice questions for Weeks 9-11 and a few questions that
combine material from Weeks 1-11. You are also invited to:
• Complete any remaining Adaptive Practices
• Complete any remaining Tutorial Activities, Study Questions, and the Week 12 Reflection
• Answer the “Questions you should be able to answer” for Test 1, for Test 2, and for Weeks
9-11 (linked from the Exam Information Page – use the homepage ”Exam” button)
• Textbook Questions at the bottom of each “Week n Activity Guide”
• HM 1-11 on https://mathmatize.com/c/1002
• Look at the Practice Test 1 and the Practice Test 2, and the questions below

• Look at the Solutions to Test 1 and Test 2

Most importantly, make a list of topics we learned so that you can deduce what each
exam question is testing. You can use the “Summary” section at the end of each textbook
section, or the “Questions you should be able to answer” linked from the Exam Information
page. You can find this by clicking the homepage “Exam” button.

Questions on Material from Weeks 9-11

1. A power series is any infinite series that looks like this:

1
X
c0 + c1 (x a) + c2 (x a)2 + c3 (x a)3 + . . . = cn (x a)n
n=0

1
Based on this definition, is the Taylor Series for centred at x = 0 a power series? Find
1 2x
the Taylor series and see if you can find a definition for the nth coefficient cn .

1
Taylor Series
for -2x centered at X = & ·

f(x) =
1
=(1 2x) -

12x
-
f(x) =
-

( 2x) - .
( 2) = 2(1 -
2x)2 =
&
(1 -

2x)2

f(x) =
-

4(1 -
2x)3 .

( 2)-

= 8(1-2x) =
8
(1 -

2x)3

f'(X) =
-

24(1 -

2x) .

( - 2) = 48)1 -

2x)
"
=
48

(l -

2x)
4

P(x(X) = 1 + 2(x) + 4x +
8x +
... = &
*
x

OR
-

We know
, x
= 1 + x + x2 + x3 + x" + ...
Ex

(2x)" (2x)"
2
(2x) (2X)
Replace x = 2 x
= 1 + + + +
+...

= 1 +
2x +
4x2 + 8x3 +
16x4

= ge
2. Some of the most commonly used power series are the Taylor Series, centred at x = 0, of:

"Ex
&
R & =

• ex
• sin(x)
• cos(x)
C-KMxd e R =

-
x

( 1)
N

xOn R = Y

Q (2N) !
-( 1) xM
n =

• ln(1 x) -

I
R =

M
• 1
1 x

↳Ex
*
R =
I
Find the radius of convergence for each.

3. Consider an arbitrary power series: S(x) = c0 + c1 (x a) + c2 (x a)2 + c3 (x a)3 + . . .

We say a power series converges at x = b, if S(b) is equal to a finite number.

3.(a) S(a) converges. What does it converge to? Co

3.(b) S(x) can potentially converge at other values of x too. Either S(x) converges on an
interval centred at x = a or it converges everywhere.

If S(x) converges on an interval centred at a of length 2r, what are the endpoints of that interval?
Carr , atr) , [a-r atr] [a-r , atr) , Carr , atr]
,
Hint: Draw a number line and count r ,units in each direction away from a.
.

C S
1
X
n
eAn e
3.(c) If the radius of convergence of T (x) = cn (x + 3) is r = 4, what is the
n=0
largest interval on which T (x) converges? (-7 1) E-T 1) 2 7 , 17 , ET , 1 -

centre -3 =
, , ,

3.(d) T (x), from part (c), converges at which of the following: x = 3, x = 3, x = 0, x = 8,

x = 0.5, x = 0.5, x = 2, x = 8, and/or x = 10?

4. If we have one power series, we can find another one by performing operations such as:
• taking the derivative of its terms
• taking the antiderivative of its terms
• multiplying the terms of the series by a number or function
• substituting (replacing x with another function)

Find the power series for each of these functions in at least one way. (There are at least two
methods for finding each.)

4.(a) xex
2

=Exete
4.(b) (2x + 3) cos(x2 + 3x)
2
4.(c)
x
( -
14 +
1 + x2 =
2
 Most Common Power Series ,
centred at X =
& ·

x2 x3
-Y
x
eX = 1 +
x
+
+ .....
z
2! 3 ! 2
n= n!

sin(X) = X
-
x
3

+
x5
-
X
7

+
x
9
-
...
=
E (-1)"x2n
+ /

3! 5! 7! 9! n = 0
(2n 1) !
+

x 4 xS x8 (1) "x2n
cos(X) = 1 -

t
x
-
- -
...
=

2! 4 : 5: 8! n =
0(2n) !

1
E
+
x4 ( - ()xn
In(1 x) -

= x -
* -

x34x53
-

5-
....
n = n+ 1

-
N
1 X x"
Eo
2
= 1 +
X
+
x + +
+... -
X
1 -

I
=
C -
1x
1 +X

Radius the Common Power

of Convergace for Series

+ 1
xh xn
ex
an
= =
1
(n + 1) !
+
n = 0 N !

O
(*
-

L lim )(X) ! lim I G

= X = X
. = -

n+ y (n+ 1) (i) xm
/ n
-

>x n
+
1

Converge for all X

,
R = x

3
1y2x
+ +

sin (x) ( -

1) x 2n + 1
( 14-

any
= =

(2n + 1) ! (2n + 3) !
2
-
(in( 1)( (Y)(x2Y)(x2) (2n +
1) ! lim I
X2
- -

L =
X =
.
= O
n -
(2n + b) (2n + 2) (2n + 1)! C 1(4)x2 )(X) +
(2n 3) (2n 2)
-

n
+

+
-
+
.

all
80
Converge for X R Y
=

,
 Cnx C- 1)4
2n+ 8
cos(X)
=
X
an +
=

(2n 2) ! +

&
↳= in Cn5CyanC X
( 1)-
(2n) !
=
x2 . Lim
n >
-

(2n 2)(2n )
+
I

+
= &

all
80
Converge for X R Y
=

+ 1
( C 1)xn
(n(1 x)
-

an +
-

= =

1
M (n
+
1)

=
1

L =
(im ( 1)(xY)(X) X
R
= X
·
lim D
X
=

n-e n> x
(n 1) C- 1)(x") n+ 1
-

lim n
=
/n
=
I
= A ↳ X 1 .

n- 4
1
M ↓ HO
+ +
n

0
% R = 1 .

+
xR
1-x
I =

ox an + 1
=

L =
(in(xY)(X) = x : R =
1 .

n- - xn

a) xex u = X
2

e 1 + U + U
2
t
up It
4
= - ↑...
2 ! 3! 4 :
"

Replace u = x
=> 1 +
x
L
+
(x4
2!
t
(x2)3(x2)
3!
+
. . .

= 1 + x +
x +
x
3!
+
ya
4 :...
+
Then multiply x in :

*
x6 x8
x
(
x
=

x(1 + +

2 !
-
3!
+
4 !
+...

7 &

X9 ) = Ie
x5
= x + x3 +
-
X
- +...
X

2! 3 !

b) (2x 3)cos(X +
+
3x) sin(X + 3x)
=

Let u = X + 3x

us
7

sin(u) = u
-

US t
-

> !
t ..

sin(u) = 1 -
t
3
3!
+
544
5!
-

< +...

3(X 3x) 5(x2 3x)" 7(X 3x)"

x
+ + +

Replace 3x
= 1
+
=
u -

+ -
+...
3! 5! 7 !

= 1 -
(X2 3x)2 +
CX
2
+ 3x)" (x2 +
3x)
+ - + ...

2! 4' 6!
*

=
( -
1"(x2 3x) +
(2x 3) +

(2n) !

c) =
)x -
I
, x 1 + x2

Let u = x =) 1 -

x
+ 42 -
43 +
...

Replace u = x
=
=
) 1 -

X2 +
x XG - t
. .

2
x
*
Then : x (1-X + x" -
+
...
) = x
-

x
3 +
x
-

x +...

* 2n + 1
= ( ) y
n =
O
5. What sequence of operations do you have to perform on ex to find a function with power
series equal to:
with 2x
1
Replace x

X 2n+1 xn+1
n=0
(n 1)!

6. Find the Taylor Series for the solution to this di↵erential equation that goes through the
point (0,2)

dy
= 5xy
dx

Hint: The two methods we have seen are solve the equation before finding the series, or the
method from the Week 9 PCE.

7. Consider the predator-prey system:

Questions that Combine Material from Di↵erent Parts of The Course

R 2x
1. Find the Taylor Series of F (x) = 0
cos(t)dt centred at x = 0.

3
 Rx
2. Find the Taylor Series of G(x) = 1
g(t)dt centred at x = 1.

3. Suppose that the order 4 Taylor expansion centered at x = 0 of a function f is given

by
p4 (x) = 3 + 4x 5x3 .
What is f (4) (0)?
4. Suppose that a ball is thrown straight up in the air at time t = 0. Let h(t) denote it’s height
(in meters) as a function of time (in seconds). At the time of launch a viewer measures that

h(0) h0 (0) h00 (0)

0 8 -9.8

(a) Write down the second order Taylor approximation of h(t), centered at x = 0.
(b) At approximately what time does the ball reach its maximum height?
(c) After the ball reaches its maximum height, it come back down and is caught by the person
who threw it. At what time is it caught again?

5. Which of the following is the right endpoint Riemann sum for the following integral
Z 5
e3x dx?
4
n n
X
X1 1 3(4+ k ) 1 3(4+ k )
(a) lim e n (c) lim e n
n!1 n n!1 n
k=0 k=1

n
X 4 3(4+ k )
(b) lim e n n
X1 4 3(4+ k )
n!1 n (d) lim e n
k=1
n!1 n
k=0

6. Suppose that f is given by ⇢

sin(x) x⇡
f (x) =
2x2 x ⇡.
Z 2⇡
Compute f (x)dx.
0