Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ebook The Armies and Wars of The Sun King 1643 1715 Volume 1 The Guard of Louis Xiv 1St Edition Rene Chartrand Online PDF All Chapter
Ebook The Armies and Wars of The Sun King 1643 1715 Volume 1 The Guard of Louis Xiv 1St Edition Rene Chartrand Online PDF All Chapter
Ebook The Armies and Wars of The Sun King 1643 1715 Volume 1 The Guard of Louis Xiv 1St Edition Rene Chartrand Online PDF All Chapter
The Armies and Wars of the Sun King 1643 1715 Volume 2
The Infantry of Louis XIV 1st Edition René Chartrand
https://ebookmeta.com/product/the-armies-and-wars-of-the-sun-
king-1643-1715-volume-2-the-infantry-of-louis-xiv-1st-edition-
rene-chartrand/
The Armies and Wars of the Sun King 1643 1715 Volume 3
The Cavalry of Louis XIV 1st Edition René Chartrand
https://ebookmeta.com/product/the-armies-and-wars-of-the-sun-
king-1643-1715-volume-3-the-cavalry-of-louis-xiv-1st-edition-
rene-chartrand/
https://ebookmeta.com/product/the-book-of-chinese-medicine-
volume-1-1st-edition-henry-h-sun/
One Faith, One Law, One King: French Armies of the Wars
of Religion 1562-1598 1st Edition T J O’Brien De Clare
https://ebookmeta.com/product/one-faith-one-law-one-king-french-
armies-of-the-wars-of-religion-1562-1598-1st-edition-t-j-obrien-
de-clare/
Monkey King Volume 07 The Expulsion of Sun Wu Kong 1st
Edition Wei Dong Chen Chao Peng
https://ebookmeta.com/product/monkey-king-volume-07-the-
expulsion-of-sun-wu-kong-1st-edition-wei-dong-chen-chao-peng/
https://ebookmeta.com/product/frat-wars-king-of-thieves-1st-
edition-james/
https://ebookmeta.com/product/a-vision-the-collected-works-of-w-
b-yeats-volume-xiv-william-butler-yeats/
https://ebookmeta.com/product/guard-wars-the-28th-infantry-
division-in-world-war-ii-1st-edition-michael-e-weaver/
https://ebookmeta.com/product/the-book-of-chinese-medicine-
volume-2-1st-edition-henry-h-sun/
The Century of the Soldier series
Warfare c.1618-1721
www .helion.co.ukicenturyofthesoldier
The 'Century of the Soldier' series covers the period of military history
c. 1618-1721, the 'golden era' of Pike and Shot warfare. This time frame
has been seen by many historians as a period of not only great social
change, but of fundamental developments within military matters.
This is the period of the 'military revolution',
The series examines the period in a greater degree of detail than has hitherto been attempted, and has
a very wide brief, with the intention of covering all aspects of the period from the battles, campaigns,
logistics and tactics, to the personalities, armies, uniforms and equipment.
Ed cites the classic generation of British historical illustrators, such as Peter Jackson, Ron and Gerry
Embleton, Richard Hook, and Angus McBride, as his inspiration and influence. When not working,
he is a keen quizzer, playing in the Quiz League of London. He also enjoys classic cinema, and rock
and blues musie. Ed currently lives and works in London.
THE ARMIES AND WARS OF
THE SUN KING 1643-1715
Rene Chartrand
Every reasonable effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the
use of copyright material. The author and publisher apologise for any errors or omissions in this work, and
would be grateful if notified of any corrections that should be incorporated in future reprints or editions of
this book .
ISBN 978-1-911628-60-6
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the express written consent of Helion & Company Limited.
For details of other military history titles published by Helion & Company
Limited, contact the above address, or visit our website: http://www.helion.co.uk
To delve into the era of the Sun King is to look into our own present world.
Has anything changed 350 years later? Yes, but all the fundamentals that
humans had to face then are with us today: wars, religious strife, ruthless
competition between nations by force of arms and knavery, love of pomp
and pageantry, adulation or hatred of strong leaders, the search for truth,
fascination with discovery and technical progress such as development of
better weapons; the list goes on and on.
Indeed, many elements that shape our world today came forth in Louis
XIV's France. Modest-sized professional armies became very numerous,
an early form of conscription appeared, firepower became dominant on
battlefields, transforming tactics, the organisation of armies was much
improved and the impact of large armies on national economies became a
prime concern since it had repercussions on manufacturing, employment
and banking; indeed, wars could be profitable. There was an increased pan
European and overseas view in Louis XIV's France with geo-strategic and
geo-political outlooks thus favouring elaborate protocols in diplomacy.
French culture, including a large chunk of its military culture, came to be
seen as the world's finest. Indeed, armies always export their national culture
as values of the dominant power.
These and many more topics are presented in this series of four volumes,
of which this is the first. We recount Louis XIV's rather turbulent reign
since it was mostly a succession of wars, with the main details of battle
tactics and, more fundamentally, of the personalities and the armies that
were largely on campaign nearly constantly from the mid 17th century to
the early 18th century. An important part of each volume is devoted to
the many units in the French army outlining their histories and material
culture - arms, uniforms and colours; here it must be pointed out that the
author was a curator specialising in military topics. We add that for showing
those aspects, each volume will have a couple of hundred images, many of
which are by forgotten military artists whose works were often the source
for later renderings by younger artists. Each volume has also five especially
commissioned plates that will concentrate mainly on showing, often for the
first time, lesser-seen topics.
5
THE ARMIES AND WARS OF THE SUN KING 1643-1715: VOLUME 1
This first volume starts in 1638 when Louis was born and ends in 1671.
The intervening years were filled with conflicts against Spain, the Fronde
civil war, foreign adventures and the Sun King's blitzkrieg. There follow short
biographies of the men who shaped and led Europe's finest and largest army,
their knighthoods and lifestyles. The last substantial part is devoted to the
royal guard - it was far more than a personal bodyguard, it was the showpiece
portion of the army leading by example amongst its many ramifications.
The second volume will cover the Dutch War (1672-1678) and other
events ending in the later 1680s. The evolution of the line infantry, both the
regiments raised in France and the many mercenary units, will be described
in all its main aspects.
The third volume will cover the War of the League of Augsburg (1689-
1697). The Gendarmerie, line cavalry, dragoons and light cavalry will be its
other main topic.
The fourth volume will start at the outset of the War of the Spanish
Succession (1702-1714) ending with the Sun King's passing in 1715. Artillery,
engineering, light troops, constabulary troops, health care, chaplains and
the huge and varied militia structure that mustered hundreds of thousands
of men, often armed and uniformed, everywhere in the kingdom, will be
amongst the topics presented followed by a bibliography.
Each volume will have a few appendices including glances at the opposing
armies. Details on certain subjects such as arms, colours and standards will
also be found in future volumes.
6
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Rene Chartrand
Gatineau (Quebec)
7
1
Louis XIV was born in tumultuous times into a turmoiled family. His father,
Louis XIII, had been married to Anne of Austria in 1615. Both were 14 years
old. It was of course a diplomatically arranged marriage to warm relations
between the French royal family of Bourbon with the Hispano-Germanic
royal and Imperial Hapsburg family. She was a princess from the Spanish
branch of her family, had blond hair and might have been prettier but for the
long "Hapsburg nose" that Louis also had since his family tree had Hapsburg
ancestors. They immediately did not take to each other and soon led separate
private lives while usually smiling together at public ceremonies.
Years passed and no royal heirs appeared. The estrangement appears to
have been even more acute after the 10 November 1630 Day of Dupes when
Louis XIII foiled a plot to oust prime minister Cardinal Richelieu from power.
This was masterminded by the Queen Mother, Marie de Medicis, and a group
of nobles. She was exiled for life and some nobles were executed as Louis XIII
trusted more the outstanding statesman that Cardinal Richelieu was rather
than any other person. His queen was in the untrustworthy category. So the
advent of a Dauphin - the heir to the throne of France - seemed even more
remote.
By late 1637, France was now involved in the Thirty Years' War, the
management of which the King left to his marshals while he often went
hunting at his small lodge at Versailles. In December, he was on the way to
Versailles, but there was such a bad storm with rain and thunder that it was
considered more prudent to stop at the Louvre in Paris, the palace where the
Queen resided. According to an account by Father Griffet, Louis XIII accepted
the suggestion since he would find supper and lodging there. Queen Anne
greeted him and, for once, they seem to have been at ease with each other's
company. "They supped together" Griffet related. It must have been a pleasant
evening for he added that: "The king spent the night with the queen, and nine
months later Anne of Austria had a son, whose unexpected birth brought
universal joy to the entire kingdom:' Frenchmen now had a Dauphin, as the
prince to be king was called, and rejoiced since his advent most likely would
8
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
— Autan teitä parhaani mukaan, sanoi Sanders.
Hän pidättäytyi.
Kieltämätön tosiasia oli, että vaikka hän oli ollut rannikolla vasta
kuusi kuukautta, niin häntä vihasivat kaikki.
— Hitto soikoon, jos tuo lurjus vielä kiusaa minua, niin passitan
hänet kotiin, hän raivosi ja ryhtyi jatkamaan jumalallista riitaa
Sandersin kanssa.
Kirjelmä alkoi:
Sanotaan, että sir Harry Coleby tuli aivan hulluksi, kun hän luki
tämän sähkösanoman. Hän ei ollut tottunut siihen, että Downing
Streetiltä saneltiin hänelle. Hän oli niitä miehiä, jotka ylenkatsoivat
siirtomaaministeriötä. Menikö hän sekaisin vai onko tämä hänen
sihteerinsä liioittelevaa kuvausta, en tiedä. Mutta joka tapauksessa
hän lähetti Hänen Majesteettinsa siirtomaaministerille
sähkösanoman, joka muistutti mainitulle herralle elävästi niitä
hyökkäyksiä, joita hän koki ensimmäisen Home Rulelain myrskyisinä
päivinä. Se ei ollut hullu sähkösanoma eikä paha sähkösanoma; sen
oli sir Harry kirjoittanut parhaalla tyylillään, ja se antoi
siirtomaaministeriön Lontoossa tietää, että sir Harry oli mies paikalla
ja toimi omalla vastuullaan, eikä hänelle ollut asiaa kenelläkään
sivullisella, ja jos joku sekaantuisi hänen toimiinsa, niin — minun
sanani!
Bosambo, päällikkö, valitti, sillä hän tunsi rahan arvon niin hyvin,
ettei ottanut vastaan espanjalaista douroa puraisematta sitä eikä
sekoittanut Saksan markkaa shillinkiin.
Sanders tuli hyvin miettiväiseksi, kun sai kuulla nämä uutiset, sillä
Bosambo oli viekas ja taitava mies, joka tunsi alkuasukkaat yhtä
hyvin kuin Sanders itse. Sanders teki omat johtopäätöksensä ja
valmistautui pitkälle matkalle. Hän astui pieneen alukseensa aamun
sarastaessa.
Se oli, niin kuin hän oli sanonut, epämiellyttävä tie, sillä sateet
olivat olleet hyvin ankarat, ja paikoin oli polulla nilkkoihin asti liejua.
Sanders aikoi jo luopua päähänpistostaan, kun hän puolitiessä
rantaan tuli paikalle, jossa maata oli äskettäin kaivettu ja siihen oli
luotu kumpu.
— Niin kyllä, vastasi päällikkö, — mutta tämä mies oli ollut kauan
kuolleena, ja hänestä oli jäljellä ainoastaan luut. Ja kun minun
mieheni pelkäsivät hänen henkeänsä, niin he hautasivat hänet
siihen, missä hän oli.
*****
— Olet hullu! Tämä americano hirttää sinut kuin porsaan, jos hän
vain saa haistaa veren hajua. Odotetaan — mikä on kirjoitettu, sen
täytyy tapahtua.
Kauan hänen ei tarvinnut odottaa. Niin pian kuin »Yön Ilo» — se
oli aluksen runollinen nimi — oli saatu rantaan, hänet vietiin
Sandersin luo.
*****
Hän sai odottaa kauan, ennen kuin näki väreet, jotka syntyvät
krokotiilin uidessa, mutta kun ne tulivat näkyviin kulkien joen poikki
suoraan rannasta rantaan, ei hän kääntänyt niistä silmiään…
169
Hän pysähtyi.