Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.

my

ACID
Properties 1. Acids have pH values of below………………………………………………
2. Acid have ………………………………………taste and are …………………………………………

3. In acidic conditions:

✓ blue litmus paper turns ……………………………………

✓ methyl orange indicator turns ……………………………………
✓ Thymolphthalein indicator turns ……………………………………

4. When acids react, they will lose electrons to form positively

charged ……………………………………
5. The presence of H+ ions is what makes a solution ……………………………………

Strong
Acid

Weak
acid

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Naming of Salt

Metal Acid Name of Salt

Magnesium Sulfuric acid

Copper (II) Nitric acid

Zinc Hydrochloric acid

Iron (II) Phosphoric acid

Copper (II) Ethanoic acid

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Reaction of acid

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 Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Example of Acids and metals
reactions
1. Only metals ABOVE……………………………………in the
reactivity series will react with dilute acids
2. …………………………………… (Cu) and ……………………………………
(Ag) is below hydrogen, so they

✓ CANNOT REACT with acid

a) Hydrochloric acid + sodium

b) Nitric acid + Lithium

c) Sulfuric acid + potassium

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Acids with bases (alkali)

1. BASES are:

✓ ……………………………………………………………………
✓ ……………………………………………………………………

2. When they react with acid, a ………………………………… reaction occurs

3. In all acid-base neutralisation reactions, ………………………………… and …………………………………
are produced

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Acid + metal oxide -> salt + water

a) Nitric acid + Magnesium oxide

b) Sulfuric acid + Aluminium oxide

Acid + metal hydroxide-> salt + water

a) Sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide

b) Hydrochloric acid + Zinc hydroxide

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Acids with metal carbonates

1. Acids will react with metal carbonates to form:

✓ metal salt
✓ carbon dioxide
✓ water:

Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water

a) Hydrochloric acid + zinc carbonate->

b) Nitric acid + copper(II)carbonate->

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
Practice:
Metal/metal Acid Name of Salt
compounds
Magnesium sulfate

Zinc(II) nitrate

Copper (II) chloride

Calcium propanoate

Lead (II) ethanoate

Tin(II) nitrate

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Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
2017 March

2017 MJ

18 Which type of oxide is aluminium oxide?

A acidic
B amphoteric
C basic
D neutral

19 Which statements about a weak acid, such as ethanoic acid, are correct?

1 It reacts with a carbonate.

2 It does not neutralise aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
3 It turns red litmus blue.
4 It is only partially ionised in aqueous solution.

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

20 Silver chloride is a white solid which is insoluble in water.

Which statement describes how a sample of pure silver chloride can be made?

A Add aqueous silver nitrate to aqueous sodium chloride and then filter.
B Add aqueous silver nitrate to dilute hydrochloric acid, evaporate and then crystallise.
C Add silver carbonate to dilute hydrochloric acid, evaporate and then crystallise.
D Add silver to dilute hydrochloric acid, filter and then wash the residue.
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21 Dilute sulfuric acid is added to two separate aqueous solutions, X and Y. The observations are
 17 Some properties of four oxides are listed.
Cambridge IGCSE
Oxide A* Chemistry
1 reacts Notesand alkalis to 9form salts.Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my
with both acids
19 Which row shows how the hydrogen ion concentration and pH of ethanoic acid compare to those
Oxide 2 reacts with acids to form salts but does not react with alkalis.
of hydrochloric acid of the same concentration?
Oxide 3 reacts with alkalis to form salts but does not react with acids.
ethanoic acid compared to
hydrochloric
Oxide 4 does not react withacid
acids or alkalis.
hydrogen ion
Which row describes the oxides?
pH
concentration

A oxide 1
higher oxide 2
higher oxide 3 oxide 4

BA higher
amphoteric lower
acidic basic neutral
CB lower
amphoteric higher
basic acidic neutral
DC lower
neutral lower
acidic basic amphoteric
D neutral basic acidic amphoteric
20 ON
2017 A pure sample of the insoluble salt barium carbonate can be made using the method given.
18 What isstep
not 1a typical characteristic
Dissolve of acids?
barium chloride in water.
A They react
step 2 with alkalis producing
Separately water. carbonate in water.
dissolve sodium
B They react
step Mix all
3 with themetals producing
two solutions hydrogen.
together.
C They react
step 4 with carbonates
Filter producing carbon dioxide.
the mixture.
D They turn
step 5 blue litmus paper red.

2018 MJ step 6 Dry the residue between two sheets of filter paper.
19 Three solids, P, Q and R, all react with dilute sulfuric acid to produce zinc sulfate.
Which instruction is missing from step 5?
P and R produce gases during the reaction.
A Heat the residue to dryness.
BTheHeat
gas the
produced
residuewhen
to thePpoint
reacts
ofwill not burn. The gas produced when R reacts will burn.
crystallisation.
CWhat arethe
Place P, Q and R?
filtrate in an evaporating basin.
D Wash the residue with water.
P Q R

A zinc zinc hydroxide zinc carbonate

21 Substance X reacts with warm dilute hydrochloric acid to produce a gas which decolourises
B
acidified zinc carbonate
aqueous zinc
potassium manganate( VII). zinc oxide
C
Substancezinc carbonate
X gives zinc hydroxide
a yellow flame in a flame test. zinc
D zinc oxide zinc carbonate zinc
What is X?

A potassium chloride
20 Which ion forms a green precipitate with aqueous sodium hydroxide that dissolves in an excess
Bof aqueous sodium
potassium sulfitehydroxide?
CA sodium
Ca2+ chloride B Cr3+ C Cu2+ D Fe2+
D sodium sulfite

© UCLES 2017 0620/23/O/N/17 [Turn over

© UCLES 2017 0620/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

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 Which elements form basic oxides?

A W, X and Y B W and X only C Y only D Z only

Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my

19 Ethanoic acid is a weak acid.

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid.

Which statements are correct?

1 Ethanoic acid molecules are partially dissociated into ions.

2 1.0 mol / dm3 ethanoic acid has a higher pH than 1.0 mol / dm3 hydrochloric acid.
3 Ethanoic acid is always more dilute than hydrochloric acid.
4 Ethanoic acid is a proton acceptor.

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

20 The properties of an element are shown.

2019 ON
electrical conductivity density reaction with water
high low reacts violently with cold water

Which element has these properties?

A B
C
D

© UCLES 2019 0620/21/M/J/19 [Turn over

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8
2020 March
19 Four different acids are dissolved in water.

Which beaker contains the most concentrated strong acid solution?

A B

Z– Z– HY Y– HY
H+
H+ H+
Z– Z– HY
H+ HY
H +
H+ Y–
Z–
H+ HY
Z– +
HY
H

C D

X– H+
HX H+ W–
HX H+
HX
X–
HX W–
–
W–
X
HX HX H+
+
H
HX H+
H+ HX W–

20 The following substances can be reacted together to prepare salts.

2020 MJ
1 copper(II) oxide and excess hydrochloric acid

2 hydrochloric acid and excess sodium hydroxide

3 hydrochloric acid and excess zinc carbonate

In which reactions can the excess reactant be separated from the solution by filtration?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only

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© UCLES 2020 0620/22/F/M/20
Cambridge IGCSE A* Chemistry Notes Ms Joan Yuen| vbest.edu.my

19 Which statement describes a weak acid?

A It is a proton acceptor and is fully ionised in aqueous solution.

B It is a proton acceptor and is partially ionised in aqueous solution.
C It is a proton donor and is fully ionised in aqueous solution.
D It is a proton donor and is partially ionised in aqueous solution.

20 The apparatus shown is used to prepare aqueous copper(II) sulfate.

filter paper
stirrer
excess of solid X
solid X

Y aqueous
copper(II) sulfate

heat

What are X and Y?

X Y

A copper aqueous iron(II) sulfate

B copper(II) chloride dilute sulfuric acid
C copper(II) oxide dilute sulfuric acid
D sulfur aqueous copper(II) chloride

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21 Which two compounds would react together to form the insoluble salt lead(II) chloride?
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