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UNIT 2 - URBANISATION
PRACTICE TEST 01
❖ VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURES:
I. Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the list.
resources employ harmful rapidly impact
Question 1: Air pollution contributes to climate change and has a negative _________ on human health.
Question 2: The number of workers _______________ by the company has increased from 100 to 2500 in five years.
Question 3: The natural _______________ such as oil, forests and fresh water are being consumed at an arming rate.
Question 4: The urban population of the world has grown _______________ from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018.
Question 5: The best way to prevent large-scale water pollution is to reduce its ___________ effects.
II. Use the correct form of the words in the brackets to complete the following questions.
Question 1: The process of _______________ affects all sizes of settlements, so villages gradually grow to become small towns, smaller
towns become larger towns, and large towns become cities. (URBANIZE)
Question 2: Air pollution is another ____________ consequence of rapid urbanization that is associated with a wide range of adverse
health outcomes. (ENVIRONMENT)
Question 3: Instead of mentioning some solutions, government _______________ the method how to reduce effects of urbanization.
(INITIATOR)
Question 4: Although the government enacted environmental policies, air and noise pollution remains _______________ dangerous.
(POTENTIALIZE)
Question 5: The movement of people from one place to another is called __________. (IMMIGRATE)
III. Choose the best word or phrase to complete the following questions.
Question 1: Before the Industrial Revolution in England, the majority of the population were employed as ____________ laborers.
A. agricultural B. agriculture C. agriculturalist D. agriculturally
Question 2: Slums are urban areas that are _______________ and have sub-standard housing with very poor living conditions, creating
several problems.
A. sparsely populated B. thinly populated C. clearly populated D. densely populated
Question 3: Urbanization occurs mainly as people move from rural areas to urban areas and it ________ growth in the size of the urban
population and the extent of urban areas.
A. results from B. results of C. results in D. results out
Question 4: “________” is the period of time when a country develops a lot of industries on a wide scale.
A. Urbanization B. Industrialization C. Modernization D. Commercialization
Question 5: More and more people _______________ to urban areas due to poor health care and limited educational and economic
opportunities.
A. immigrate B. settle C. migrate D. colonize
Question 6: Measures are __________ to solve the problems of the shortage of housing, unemployment and traffic congestion in mega-
cities.
A. criticized B. opposed C. disputed D. proposed
Question 7: Urbanization is the process by which urban areas grow bigger as more and more people leave the ______________ to live in
towns and cities.
A. country B. countrified C. countryside D. countrywide
Question 8: Vietnam is struggling with many challenges caused by its ___________ urbanization, which is among the fastest in the region.
A. time-consuming B. sluggish C. rapid D. energetic
Question 9: Push factors’ that drive people away from the countryside are _________ changes, droughts, floods, lack of availability of
sufficiently productive land, and other pressures on rural livelihoods.
A. environment B. environmentalist C. environmentally D. environmental
Question 10: A number of young people in countryside drop out of school to seek temporary jobs in big cities whereas the others try their
best to win a good place at a prestigious university and have better career ___________.
A. drawbacks B. shortcomings C. prospects D. problems
Question 11: Many young people are more likely to move to towns because they don’t want to spend their lives on the farm like their
__________ parents. A. long-term B. weather-beaten C. well-known D. old-fashion
Question 12: In order to remove those problems of urbanization, the development of urban __________ is considered as a
very essential strategy of development.
A. infrastructure B. groundwork C. telecommunication D. foundation

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 TIẾNG ANH 12  HỌC ONLINE : LTĐH 10, 11, 12 TRÊN ZOOM
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Question 13: One of the serious problems created by the rapid industrialization and urbanization is the growth of _______________ in
cities without no sanitation or fresh water.
A. supermarket B. shopping mall C. resort D. slums
Question 14: In developing countries, people usually are moving from villages to _______________ in cities in search of gaining a better
standard of living.
A. remain B. land C. settle D. reconcile
Question 15: Instead of working on the farm, many farmers are leaving their home villages to big cities with a viewing to having chances
to get a __________ salary or seek fortune.
A. high-speed B. high-level C. high-paying D. high-heeded
Question 16: Small farmers find it difficult to ______ because they have to suffer bad weather conditions and competition from large
agricultural companies.
A. make a living B. make an effort C. make an excuse D. make a fuss
Question 17: Experts agree that this is due to urban development, when open green spaces are replaced with asphalt roads and tall brick
and _____________ building.
A. concreting B. concreted C. concretely D. concrete
Question 18: Before the 1950s, rapid urbanization __________ in Europe and North America because it was the period of industrialization
in these areas.
A. took off B. took place C. took out D. took on
Question 19: Because the process of the urban, demographic, and industrial transformation is largely completed in Japan, the rates of
growth of cities, of total population, and of industrial ____________ are now declining.
A. output B. outcome C. outpace D. outlabour
Question 20: Big cities are _______________ people from rural areas, many of whom are out of work and have to live in slums rather live
in village.
A. dealt with B. faced with C. back with D. flooded with
Question 21: This cycle of rise and fall of cities is seen _______ in many cultures around the world.
A. interruptedly B. universally C. permanently D. repeatedly
Question 22: Many cities and towns are ________ problems caused by unplanned urban growth resulting in poor infrastructures such as
inadequate housing, water and sanitation, transport and health care services.
A. overflowing with B. speaking with C. coping with D. staying with
Question 23: The children who grew up on remote and mountainous areas would like to live in a big city because they believe that city
life will give them more _______________ to fulfil their dreams.
A. opportunities B. hindrances C. disadvantages D. challenges
Question 24: By 2050 it is predicted that 64.1% and 85.9% of the developing and developed world ______ will be urbanized.
A. dramatically B. gradually C. continuously D. respectively
Question 25: The shift of the working population from agriculture to industries can lead to labor ________ in rural areas resulting in a
fall in food production.
A. excess B. shortages C. availability D. sufficiency
Question 26: Slum areas typically _______________ poor housing with small, overcrowded houses built very close together using
inadequate materials and with uncertain electricity supply.
A. suffer from B. associate with C. come from D. link with
Question 27: _______________ is a big problem in the city whose road system is unable to cope with the increased number of cars. A.
Environment pollution B. Overpopulation C. Traffic congestion D. Unemployment
Question 28: Governments should try to limit the _______________ growth of cities to reduce the negative consequences of urbanization
A. short-term B. well-established C. thought-provoking D. never-ending
Question 29: High _______________ is considered to be the worst outcome of urbanization, which is much higher in big cities than in
either small cities or rural areas.
A. life expectancy B. crime rate C. health service D. urban lifestyle
Question 30: The ______ of urbanization include the growth of slums, social issues such as drugs and crime, traffic congestion, and
environmental pollution.
A. drawbacks B. advantages C. improvements D. benefits
Question 31: We find evidence that environmental policy significantly reduces the per-capita pollution emissions in
American cities without ____ affecting GDP per capita.
A. strongly B. adversely C. sharply D. mutually

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Question 32: Thailand’s urbanization rate has increased gradually over the past 50 years, bringing apparent and ______ benefits to the
country.
A. short-term B. wide-ranging C. short-acting D. short-dated
Question 33: The cost of living in big cities has risen dramatically over the past years. This has caused a lot of difficulties for _______ people.
A. low-income B. well-paid C. well-educated D. short-listed
Question 34: However, the supply of homes could not ___________ the demand and squatters became the new homes of these workers. A.
keep up with B. come down with C. catch up with D. come in for
Question 35: Over half of Mumbai’s residents _______ slum surrounding the city, causing huge public health, environmental, and land use
problems. A. live in B. live with C. live up to D. live through
Question 36: As cities grow rapidly in poor nations, moreover, these nations’ poverty makes them ill equipped to __________ the challenges
of urbanization. A. overcome B. supply C. meet D. resolve
Question 37: Japan has been ___________ from a rural to an urban society and from an economy of primary production to one of secondary
and tertiary activities.
A. moved B. shifted C. transferred D. transformed
Question 38: Tokyo is a transit oriented ______________, with by far the highest transit usage in the world
A. metropolis B. conurbation C. megalopolis D. municipality
Question 39: Urbanization poses special challenges for poor nations, which are ill equipped to address the many problems associated
_________ urbanization. A. from B. with C. for D. at
Question 40: Just a half-century later in 1950, the world’s urban population had doubled __________ 30 percent, and the number of
cities over 1 million grew six times to eighty-three cities.
A. up B. to C. at D. down
❖ GRAMMAR
I. Give the correct form of the verb in each sentence.
Question 1: Our friends recommend we _______________ (spend) our vacation in the mountains.
Question 2: The teacher demand the student ___________ (do) assignment before going the classroom.
Question 3: Kate doesn’t use her computer very often, so I suggest she _______________ (not buy) it and use the money for something else.
Question 4: The manager insists that the project ____________ (finish) by May 5th.
Question 5: It is important that urban people _______________ (look up to) rural people.
Question 6: Sara insisted measures _______________ (take) to solve the negative effects of urbanization.
Question 7: My mother advised I _________ (come) back to my home village after graduating university.
Question 8: Since David hurt Ann’s feeling, I strongly recommend he ___________ (apologize) to her.
Question 9: It is essential that the infrastructure in rural areas _______________ (upgrade).
Question 10: The city council has proposed that a new financial center _______________ (build) soon.
Question 11: Many young people insist they _______________ (get) a well-paid job in big cities.
Question 12: The police request the wanted man ____________ (tell) the truth about the assassination.
Question 13: It is important that the poor _______________ (have) living standard and health care.
Question 14: The monitor proposed that her/his teacher _________ (organize) extracurricular activities.
Question 15: It is necessary that parents _________ (allow) their children to pursue dreams and hobbies.
II. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 1: It is argued (A) that high costs of living and rising (B) transport difficulties being (C) two of the most serious problems brought
about (D) by overpopulation in cities.
Question 2: Even if (A) rural areas are winning or (B) losing from increased trade, however (C), remains (D) uncertain.
Question 3: Because of (A) urbanization continues, not only (B) the infrastructure for health but also (C) other social services in cities need
improving (D).
Question 4: Government should be used (A) national resources in a more efficient (B) way in order to (C)meet the needs of growing
populations (D).
Question 5: Because of (A) severe asthma attacks (B), the doctor suggested (C) his patient to stop (D) smoking.
Question 6: It’s crucial (A) that living standards (B) in rural (C) areas are improved (D)
Question 7: The (A) homeless in this town is (B) being supported (C) with food and free (D)accommodation.
Question 8: Children living (A) in the (B)slums lack of (C) good health care and education (D)
❖ READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 1 to 12.

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Rapid urbanization can (1) ____ long-term economic, social and environmental promise for developing countries (2) ____
investments made now in infrastructure, housing and public services are efficient and sustainable, the World Bank says in a new report. In
the next two decades, cities are (3) ____ to expand by another two billion residents, as people move in unprecedented (4) ____ from rural
areas to pursue hopes and aspirations in cities. More than 90 (5) ____ of this urban population growth is expected to occur in the
developing world, (6) ____ many cities are already struggling to provide basic (7) ____ such as water, electricity, transport, health services
and education.
Report authors note that (8) ____ new urban growth will not take (9) ____ in the “megacities” of the world e.g. Rio de Janeiro,
Jakarta or New Delhi (10) ____ rather in less commonly recognized “secondary” cities - places like Fushun in China, and Surat in India.
To help policymakers prepare for and manage growth, the report distills lessons (11) ____ from 12 countries across all geographic
regions and stages of urbanization. It then translates these global lessons (12) ____ practical policy advice.
(Source: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release)
Question 1: A. bring B. carry C. hold D. take
Question 2: A. if B. unless C. whether D. while
Question 3: A. predictable B. predicted C. predicting D. predictions
Question 4: A. amounts B. numbers C. ranges D. sums
Question 5: A. per cent B. percentage C. proportion D. rate
Question 6: A. what B. where C. which D. why
Question 7: A. demands B. needs C. orders D. uses
Question 8: A. almost B. most C. mostly D. nearly
Question 9: A. form B. hand C. place D. time
Question 10: A. but B. nor C. or D. yet
Question 11: A. are learned B. being learned C. learned D. learning
Question 12: A. by B. into C. up to D. up with
❖ WRITING:
I/ Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning.
Question 1: “Why don’t you apply for a job in that foreign company?” they said to him.
=> They suggested _________________________________________________________
Question 2: She urged her husband to repair the broken window.
=> She urged ______________________________________________________________
Question 3: Jane needs to master computer using skills and other communicative skills.
=> It’s necessary ___________________________________________________________
Question 4: Everyone finds it important for us to do something to protect the environment.
=> It’s crucial _____________________________________________________________
Question 5: All students and teachers must wear uniforms at school. It’s obligatory.
=> It’s obligatory ________________________________________________________
II/ Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 6: Keeping the documents confidential is really important.
A. It’s important that the documents be kept confidential. B. It’s important that the documents are kept confidential.
C. It’s important that the documents should keep confidential. D. It’s important that keeping the document confidential.
Question 7: “Why don’t you stay in bed for some days?” the doctor said to John.
A. It’s recommended that the doctor stay in bed for some days.
B. The doctor suggested that John stays in bed for some days.
C. The doctor suggested that John stay in bed for some days.
D. It’s essential that John is suggested staying in bed for some days by the doctor.
Question 8: It’s necessary for you to finish all the exercises before going to class.
A. It’s necessary that you will finish all the exercises before going to class.
B. Finishing all exercises before going to class makes you necessary.
C. That you finish all the exercises before going to class are important.
D. It’s necessary that all the exercises be finished by you before going to class.

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