Question on RVI

1) What is the most common first-line

antiretroviral therapy for the treatment
of HIV/AIDS?
A) Tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate/emtricitabine/efavirenz
B) Zidovudine/lamivudine/atazanavir
C) Darunavir/ritonavir/raltegravir
D) Abacavir/dolutegravir/nevirapine

2) Which class of antiretroviral drugs

inhibits the enzyme reverse
transcriptase in HIV-infected cells?
A) Protease inhibitors
B) Integrase inhibitors
C) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors
D) Non-nucleoside reverse
transcriptase inhibitors

3) What is the recommended initial

treatment for a patient with HIV and a
high viral load?
A) Dual therapy with two nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitors
B) Triple therapy with two nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitors and a
protease inhibitor
C) Triple therapy with two nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitors and an
integrase inhibitor
D) Monotherapy with a non-nucleoside
reverse
transcriptase inhibitor

4) Which antiretroviral drug is

associated with a hypersensitivity
reaction in patients who have the HLA-
B*5701 allele?
A) Abacavir
B) Efavirenz
C) Ritonavir
D) Atazanavir

5) What is the mechanism of action of

protease inhibitors in the treatment of
HIV/AIDS?
A) Inhibition of viral entry into host cells
B) Inhibition of viral RNA synthesis
C) Inhibition of viral integration into host
DNA
D) Inhibition of viral maturation and
release from host cells

6) Which antiretroviral drug is known to

cause central nervous system side
effects such as vivid dreams and
dizziness?
A) Raltegravir
B) Nevirapine
C) Emtricitabine
D) Dolutegravir
7) What is the primary goal of
antiretroviral therapy in patients with
HIV/AIDS?
A) Eradication of the virus from the
body
B) Prevention of opportunistic infections
C) Reduction of viral load to
undetectable levels
D) Improvement of CD4 cell count

8) Which antiretroviral drug is

commonly used for pre-exposure
prophylaxis (PrEP) in individuals at high
risk of HIV infection?
A) Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
B) Lamivudine
C) Efavirenz
D) Darunavir

9) What is the recommended treatment

for a pregnant woman with HIV to
prevent transmission of the virus to her
baby?
A) Zidovudine monotherapy during
pregnancy and labor
B) Triple therapy with two nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitors and a
protease inhibitor
C) Dual therapy with tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate and emtricitabine
D) Monotherapy with efavirenz
10) Which antiretroviral drug is
associated with a risk of lactic acidosis
and liver toxicity?
A) Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
B) Ritonavir
C) Atazanavir
D) Dolutegravir

1) A) Tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate/emtricitabine/efavirenz - This
combination is a common first-line
antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS
because it is effective in reducing viral
load and increasing CD4 cell count.

2) C) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase

inhibitors - This class of antiretroviral
drugs inhibits the enzyme reverse
transcriptase, which is essential for HIV
replication within host cells.

3) C) Triple therapy with two nucleoside

reverse transcriptase inhibitors and an
integrase inhibitor - This regimen is
recommended for patients with high
viral loads to effectively suppress viral
replication and
reduce the risk of drug resistance.

4) A) Abacavir - Abacavir is associated

with a hypersensitivity reaction in
patients who have the HLA-B*5701
allele, so genetic testing is
recommended before starting this
medication.

5) D) Inhibition of viral maturation and

release from host cells - Protease
inhibitors work by blocking the activity
of the protease enzyme, which is
necessary for the final maturation and
release of new viral particles from
infected cells.

6) B) Nevirapine - Nevirapine is known

to cause central nervous system side
effects such as vivid dreams and
dizziness in some patients.
7) C) Reduction of viral load to
undetectable levels - The primary goal
of antiretroviral therapy is to suppress
the viral load in the body to
undetectable levels, which helps
prevent disease progression and
transmission to others.

8) A) Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate -

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is
commonly used for pre-exposure
prophylaxis (PrEP) in individuals at high
risk of HIV infection due to its
effectiveness in preventing HIV
acquisition.

9) C) Dual therapy with tenofovir

disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine -
This dual therapy is recommended for
pregnant women with HIV to reduce the
risk of mother-to-child transmission of
the virus during pregnancy and
childbirth.

10) A) Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate -

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is
associated with a risk of lactic acidosis
and liver toxicity, so monitoring for
these side effects is important during
treatment.