Drowsiness Alert, Alcohol Detect and Collision

Control for Vehicle Acceleration

1st Sumit Patnaik
1st Ranjit Patnaik 1stK. Siva Krishna
sumitpatnaik2798@gmail.com
ranjitpatnaik@giet.edu ksivakrishna@giet.edu

1st Pritam Singh

pritamsingh798999@gmail.com 1st Neelamadhab Padhy
dr.neelamadhab@giet.edu
1st Deparrtment of Computer Science
and Engineering
School of Engineering and Technology,
GIET University, Gunupur,India

Abstract— This system aims to make the driving vehicle
safer and protect from drowsiness, alcohol detection avoids
accidents and collision between the vehicles while driving and
minimizes the road accidents. This product will come to
prepare a combination of face detection and face contours
along with an additional feature of alcohol consumption of
driver and as an accordance, the vehicle acceleration is kept.
This product consists of deep learning algorithms applied with
microcontroller and interface with the microprocessor. The
face will detect using computer vision and forms contours
around the face. The person is checked with drowsiness
detection then alcohol detection through a set of the device.
The set of device checks for alcohol parameters taken by the
person. The device used in this paper uses a display interface to
show and notify alertness. It messages the concerned person to
pick up the person who is being alcoholic. The ignition lock will
be removed on resetting and checking of a person's quality of
alcohol consumed. It will check from which the alcohol
consumption device will be moving out. The device will give
alcohol consumption reading and stop the vehicle as per it. The
OpenCV library is being used to facilitate face drowsy
detection. For collision detection, The product comes with a
distance tracker at every side of the vehicle which detects the
distance between the vehicle with the model and the vehicles
around it. On colliding, it will give an alert to the driver and
show the message with detailed collision and stored detail
about collision in a black box. It will also help to guide the
driver to avoid a collision.
Keywords—Internet of Things, Haar-cascade, OpenCV,
Euclidian distance, Deep Learning.
I. INTRODUCTION
. According to Scoll.in, This new year more than 2000
people were booked for drunk and drive. Between the years
2008 and 2017,76,446 people died in 2,11,405 road
accidents national wide due to alcohol. This system is
implemented to reduce road accidents. The system
implemented is used to detect drowsiness and alcohol
detection. The embedded system consisting of some
combination of hardware and software to do the particular
function.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
In [2], the author proposed a vehicle-based alcohol detection
system. this proposed system implemented using IoT. They
used a STC12C5A60S2 single-chip microcomputer as the
main controller in the system. MQ-3 is a sensor that was
used in this system to collect the air alcohol and GU900E
used for the implementation of the GPRS module. GU900E
for the LCD display purpose in the system. By collecting the
Alcohol concentration data, that compared with drunkenness
data which already available in the machine. to control the
behavior including controlling, alarming by the sound
GU900E used.
Hu, S. et.al [6], discussed the detection of drowsiness of the
driver using the Support Vector Machine algorithm of
Machine learning. The algorithm is implemented in the
driving simulation device to detect the abnormality in the
driving of a driver. This paper is based on the eyelid
observation of the driver.
Abraham, S. et.al [7], discussed the drowsiness detection a
collision control based on the steering angle detection and
paddle pressure. Here the authors used the temporal and
contextual algorithm.
Ba, Y. et.al [9], discussed the collision control of the
vehicle, here proposed a model called e Vehicle Collision
Avoidance System (VCAS). In this model, it works on the
eye tracking device and bio-signal recorder.N.Padhy, et al.
[10] discussed a component in Component-based System
i.e. Reusable
Components. They have identified several reusability
metrics and proposed models. They have designed the
reusability metrics predictions algorithms and models.
Padhy, N.,et al.[11] examines several algorithms which able
to estimate the software metrics. They developed the
software metrics algorithms and proposed model using
novel evolutionary algorithms.
Charniya, N. N., et al [12] observed the eye movement and
face of the driver, the image collected from the camera is
analyzed by using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and
Logistic Regression Model (LRM).
de Naurois, C. J. et al [13] the physiological and behavioral
measurements are analyzed by using models of

XXX-X-XXXX-XXXX-X/XX/$XX.00 ©20XX IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Exeter. Downloaded on July 12,2020 at 17:26:56 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

Fig. 1. Details equipment
Artificial Neural Network it determines the drowsiness of
the driver.Ramesh, L. et al [14] based on eye blink
observation using the IoT devices it determines the driving
behavior and detects the drowsiness of the driver.Roy, J. R.
et al [15] using NODE MCU and alcohol detection and
drowsiness detection than it alarms and alerts the driver for
avoiding the accident.
III. PROPOSED MODEL
The proposed model is working on the basis of the
following flow chart in Fig-1, The camera is activating and
is capture the sequence of the images and in each image, it
is analyzed that the eye-lids are opened or closed, which
arises the warning to the driver of the vehicle.
Fig. 2. Flowchart of Drowsiness detection.
IV. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
A. Specifications
1. Webcam 3.0
2. Raspberry Pi 3B+
3. MQ3 Sensor
Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Exeter. Downloaded on July 12,2020 at 17:26:56 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
4. Servo motor
5. Jumper wires
6. SD card(micro)
7. Power supply(5V)
8. Display device
9. GSM module
The device will be attached in the car which will found with
following Rules: -
1. It will check for drowsiness of the person
2. It will detect the alcohol the concerned person has
consumed
3. It will put the ignition lock on the car if the person
is alcoholic
4. If not it will alert to person by buzzing alarm to
have a sleep and wake up after a while.
5. It will check the distance of the vehicle/objects
around it form the vehicle with the product.
6. If any of the vehicles or objects is probable to
collide it will alert the driver with the help of sound
and message on the display unit with the detail of
the colliding object like direction and time and
distance.
7. If the driver doesn’t take any action and keeps
ignoring the alert then the black box will take the
control of the car and take the required action to
avoid the collision without any harm to the driver
and the surrounding vehicles.
8. The device will also keep informing the driver
about the nearby parking and rest houses if it
detects drowsiness of the person.
9. The device will also keep informing the driver
about the sharp turns and traffic of the surrounding
The entire system consists of raspberry pi as the principle
chart is given in Fig-2 having the hardware chart. The core
of the hardware chart is an alcohol sensor, web-camera and
microcontroller, LCD Screen.
B. Computer Vision
The computer vision is used in the paperwork. The camera
used in the device gives a constant flow of frames i.e. video
streaming. Every frame is fixed with contours at the face as
given in the Fig-3 and Fig-4 to detection driver’s face and
eyelids position.
Fig. 3. Counter set for the image using Haar-casecade.
The cv library is used to put the frontal face and haar Fig-5, shows the eye-lids status of the driver, for the
cascade is used to put the contour. The contour is provided detection of the drowsiness during the driving.
with numbers and we specified the s=eyes parts. Fig.-6 is the grey-scale graphical plot which tells about the
The scipy package used in the image to get the distance pixels allocated as per the image presentation there in the
between the contour such that we will get the Euclidian slot. The image resolution is pixeled into a different
distance between certain contours. The cv2 package used spectrum and allowed to follow through.
first convert to grayscale for easy usage then we use the FPS
package for resizing the image at 500 pixels for faster
processing The cascading image for the following ways.
C. Haar-Cascade Technology
The object is used in detection for haar classifier and it is
effective objective detection and binary classifier is used we
can cascade the image in the following dataset:
1.) Edge function
2.) Linear Function
3.) Rectangle function

D. Histogram Representation
The image is formed here are in the form of histogram
format to know they have a dense variation of the images
the image is being tried with a wide range of detail and
further process. The Fig-4 shows the conversion of the high-
contrast image to the grey-scaled image. The image is now
being flattened through the image such a manner that the
image will have the following graph as depicted. Fig-3
shows the eyelids position of the driver during the driving of Fig. 6. Grey-scale graphical plot
the vehicle.
E. MQ3 Sensor
The Sensor is used to detect the alcohol i.e
hydrocarbon. This Sensor gives alcohol consumed data
we will find the alcohol data. then we analyze the
alcohol percentage and accordingly we will take the
action i.e if alcohol consumption is higher than 40 %
then the signal is transmitted to the raspberry pi. The pi
will interpret and put the relay on and put the ignition
wire off i.e. makes the ignition circuit open and lock it
until the reset alcohol consumption is proposed.
F. Webcam
This device is used to take frames of photo i.e. video in
Fig. 4. Grey-scale image for eyelids position detection. BGR format and frame will pass through raspberry pi
and computer vision algorithm through it and so that if
the contour sensed with drowsiness then the person is
being notified with buzzer signal given from raspberry
pi.
G. Collision Detection: The Setup given as a collision setup
which will detect the collision and give the corresponding
information to the driver to avoid a collision. The setup will
help to force or change the principle of car using an
ultrasonic sensor which will help to control the vehicle in
motion. The setup is shown in Fig-7.

Fig. 5. High contrast image of the grey-scale image for eyelids position
detection

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Exeter. Downloaded on July 12,2020 at 17:26:56 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Fig. 7. Components used for the prototype.
The devices used in the product is as seen as:
H. Ultrasonic Sensor :
The sensor consisting of a speaker and mic which
produce sound wave and receives the sound wave.
Based on the traveling time of sound wave and the
following formula of calculation for the distance it
detects the object.
Fig. 8. A prototype of drowsiness and alcohol detection with collision
control.
1) LCD/Screen
This the device that shows object distance and the
which way the object resides. it is used for displaying
the information based on the desired output.
2) Protocols used in the Setup
MQTT: This is the lightweight protocol for the
transmission of data. It stands for Message Queuing
Telemetry Transport, it uses the lightweight messaging
protocol using publish/subscribe operation to transfer
between client and server.
UDP: It is User Datagram Protocol which is a transport
layer protocol. UDP is part of the internet protocol. It is
appropriate for les sized request response
communication.
Output
The Fig-9 describes the output of the experiment for
collision detection. It shows the position of the object
on the screen.
Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Exeter. Downloaded on July 12,2020 at 17:26:56 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
Fig. 9. The output of the implementation shows the collision object
position
V. CONCLUSION
This model- Drowsiness Alertness and Alcohol Detection
for vehicle acceleration have been successfully designed and
tested. It has been developed by integrating hardware and
software. The microcontroller working with computer vision
helps to be trendy and improve the quality of service along
with the module. The presence of every module is reasoned
out and placed thus contributing to the best working of the
unit. The service allows protecting the drivers to reliable and
kernel to message the reliable person and protect the person
from driving. The model also detects the collision of the
vehicle.
REFERENCE
1. Books: Practical work on OpenCV by Adrian
Roserbrock
2. Hu, W. (2018, December). Vehicle Alcohol Detection
System Based On the Internet of Things Technology.
In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and
Engineering (Vol. 452, No. 4, p. 042156). IOP
Publishing.
3. Hannon, M. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,758,039.
Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
4. Website: www.pyimagesearch.com
5. Zhang, H., Witt, G. J., & Smith, M. R. (2007). U.S.
Patent No. 7,202,792. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.
6. Hu, S., & Zheng, G. (2009). Driver drowsiness detection
with eyelid related parameters by Support Vector
Machine. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(4),
7651-7658.
7. McDonald, A. D., Lee, J. D., Schwarz, C., & Brown, T.
L. (2018). A contextual and temporal algorithm for
driver drowsiness detection. Accident Analysis &
Prevention, 113, 25-37.
8. VEHICLE COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM
WITH ENHANCED PEDESTRIAN AVOIDANCE,
Patent No. US 9, 925, 980 B2
9. Ba, Y., Zhang, W., Wang, Q., Zhou, R., & Ren, C.
(2017). Crash prediction with behavioral and
physiological features for advanced vehicle collision
 avoidance system. Transportation Research Part C:
Emerging Technologies, 74, 22-33.
10. N Padhy, R Panigrahi, SC Satapathy,” Identifying the
Reusable Components from Component-Based System:
Proposed Metrics and Model”,- Information Systems
Design and Intelligent application, pp. 89-99,2019
11. Padhy, N., Panigrahi, R. & Neeraja, K. Threshold
estimation from software metrics by using evolutionary
techniques and its proposed algorithms, models, Evol.
Intel. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-019-00201-
0
12. Charniya, N. N., & Nair, V. R. (2017, June). Drunk
driving and drowsiness detection. In 2017 International
Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control
(I2C2) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
13. de Naurois, C. J., Bourdin, C., Stratulat, A., Diaz, E., &
Vercher, J. L. (2019). Detection and prediction of driver
drowsiness using artificial neural network
models. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 126, 95-104.
14. Ramesh, L., Monisha, M., Shirley Pradeeksha, A.,
Sowmiyaa, P., & Vedhashree, S. K. (2018). Driver &
Drowsiness Detection and Alerting System. International
Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 118(20),
2247-2252.
15. Roy, J. R., Sibi, S., Vengataramanan, V., & Gowri, V.
An IOT Based Alarm System in Car for Traffic, Alcohol
and Drowsiness Detection and Accident Prevention.

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Exeter. Downloaded on July 12,2020 at 17:26:56 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.