Class 7 SCIENCE ANSWER KEY

Ch-3 CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES AND PROCESSES

FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1.Pure substance 2.Chemical formulas 3.H2O
4. Air and moisture 5. Chemical reaction 6. Salt and water
TRUE OR FALSE:
1.True 2.True 3.True 4.False 5.False 6.True 7.False
TICK THE CORRECT OPTION:
1.Silver
2.One atom of hydrogen,one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of oxygen
3.Mg(PO4)2
4.Displacement reaction
5.CaO
SHORT QUESTION ANSWER:
ANS-1- A pure substance which is made up of same kind of atoms is called element. For eg: Iron, Copper.
Ans-2- Iron- Fe
Chlorine- Cl
Ans-3- (a) Al O (b) Zn CH3COO
3+ 2- 2+ 1-
Al2O3 Zn(CH3COO)2

Ans-4- Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + 2H2O

Calcium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid calcium chloride water
Ans-5- A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction in symbolic form. It also shows physical state of
reactants and products.
Ans-6- substances which are written on L.H.S of an equation are reactants while those written on R.H.S of an
equation are products.
Ans-7- N2 + 3H2 2NH3
Nitrogen Hydrogen Ammonia

LONG QUESTION- ANSWERS

ANS-1- Steps involved in writing the chemical formula of calcium phosphate are:
(1) Write the symbol for calcium and Phosphate along with their charges.
Ca2+ PO43-
(2) There is no common factor corresponding to their charges. Hence criss-cross their charges.
Ca PO4
2+ 3-
Ca3(PO4)2
This is the formula of calcium phosphate.
Ans-2-
Chemical change Physical change
In this a new substance is formed In this no new substance is formed
Most of these changes are irreversible Most of these changes are reversible
For eg: Burning of paper For ex: Melting of ice

Ans-3- In neutralisation reaction, an acid and base react to form salt and water. Thus, new substances are
formed. Hence, this reaction is a chemical change. For Eg
HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
In above reaction sodium chloride and water are the new substance formed.
Ans-4- A chemical reaction in which more than one product is obtained from a single reactant is called
Decomposition reaction. For Eg:
CaCO3 CaO + CO2
(Limestone) (calcium oxide) (carbon dioxide)
Ans-5- (a) This is a combination reaction because two reactants react to form single reactant.
(b) This is a neutralisation reaction because in this acid and base react to form salt and water.
(c) This is Displacement reaction because Cu displaces Ag from its compound to form copper nitrate.
(d) This is a decomposition reaction because single reactant break down to form two products.
VALUE BASED QUESTION ANSWER
ANS-1- Respect for others work and self-help.
ANS-2- In this case teacher wants the students to replace their old habits by better habits.
ANS-3- Fe (s) + CuSO4(aq) FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Iron Copper sulphate Iron sulphate Copper

EXTRA QUESTION ANSWER

Q1- Give difference between mixture and compound.
Ans-
Mixture Compound
A mixture is obtained when two or more Elements react together to form new
elements mix without formation of new compounds
substance
It is a physical change It is a chemical change
It shows the properties of its constituents Its properties are different from those of its
constituents.

Q2- What do you mean by a balanced equation?

Ans- An equation in which the number of atoms of different elements on the two sides of the equation are
equal is called a balanced equation.
Q3- Hydrogen burns in oxygen to form water where as water decomposes to give hydrogen and oxygen on
passing electric current. Name the type of reaction and also write the balanced equation in each case.
Ans- Hydrogen burns in oxygen to form water is a combination reaction.
2H2 + O2 2H2O
Where as water decomposes to give hydrogen and oxygen is a decomposition reaction.
2H2O 2H2 + O2
Q4- Does a symbol represent an atom or a molecule? What are the symbols for each of the following?
(a) Cobalt
(b) Copper
(c) Chlorine
(d) Carbon
Ans- Symbols represent atoms and not molecules. The symbols for following elements are:
(a) Co
(b) Cu
(c) Cl
(d) C
Q5- Balance the following Equations.
(a) NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O
(b) Ag + HNO3 AgNO3 + H2O + NO2
Ans-
(a) 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(b) Ag + 2HNO3 AgNO3 + H2O +NO2