Analysis of Statically Indeterminate beams (Method of Superposition)

The principle of superposition says that when a number of loads are acting on a body,
the resulting strain, according to the principle of superposition, will be the algebraic sum
of strains caused by individual loads.

Problem 1. Draw the shear and bending moment diagram of the beam shown.

P = 160.0kN
2.5m I = 200000000.00mm4
C E = 210000.0 MPa
A B
5.0m

Solution

1. Stablished the compatibility equation, by selecting the propped support

as redundant.

P = 160.0kN
2.5m
C
A B
5.0m

P = 160.0kN
2.5m
C Pa^2
δmax = (3L-a)
A B 6EI
5.0m

C PL^3
δmax =
A B 3EI
5.0m

By
Compatibility equation

PL^3 Pa^2 PL^3 Pa^2

(3L-a) 0 (3L-a)
3EI 6EI 3EI 6EI
2. Solve the redundant reaction from the compatibility equation

Pa^2 (160kN)(2.5m)^2 (15-2.5)m

(3L-a) 2083.333kN.m2
6 6

PL^3 (By)(5m)^3
(By)41.667m2
3 3

(By)41.667m2 2083.333kN.m2

2083.333kN.m2
By = 50.00kN
41.667m2

3. Apply equations of static equilibrium to solve the remaining reactions

P = 160.0kN
MA 2.5m
C
A B
5.0m

Ay 50.00kN

↻+ 𝛴 MA = 0

160 (2.5) - 50 (5) - MA = 0

MA = 150.00kN.m

↑+ 𝛴Fy = o

50 - 160 + Ay = 0

Ay = 110.00kN
4. Construct the shear and bending Moment diagram

P = 160.0kN

150.00kN.m

110.00kN 50.00kN

P = 160.0kN

150.00kN.m
2.5m 2.5m

110.00kN 50.00kN

110.00kN

0.00

-50.00

125

-150.00kN.m