PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
ELASTICITY- is the ability of a material to be stretched and return
1. POROSITY- a property of a material that lets it absorb water
and other liquids
POROUS- characteristic of materials that can absorb liquid like paper, cloth,
and sponge
Why Porous Materials can absorb water?
- because it have plenty of spaces inside where liquid can be absorbed
NONPOROUS MATERIALS
- such as metals, plastic that cannot absorb water
SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER (SAP)
- a crystal like substance with sandlike texture that absorb moisture and
turn it into gel to prevent leaking and keep skin dry
2. DENSITY- it is the amount of matter that an object has, related to mass
and volume of an object
Why materials float or sink in water?
- If material has a density higher than water it will sink. If the material
has density below than water it will float
3. BUOYANCY-it is the tendency of an object to float or rise when put
in liquid
Buoyant Force- an upward push exerted by liquid like water on an object
Why people float in sea water than in pool water?
- SALT makes water dense, the more salt in water the more buoyant an
object floating on it becomes.
4.
to its original shape. Rubber bands and garters are elastic.
5. DUCTILITY- is the ability of a material to be drawn into very thin wires
without breaking. Like the copper.
6. MALLEABILITY- is the ability of a material to be molded or shaped
without breaking. Steel is malleable.
7. HARDNESS- is the ability of a material to resist breaking or scratching.
Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring material
on Earth.
8. LUSTER- is the ability of a material to shine or reflect light.
Like mirror, marble, and steel are lustrous materials.
9. CORROSION- is a natural process, which converts a refined metal
to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide,
hydroxide, or sulfide. Example is rusting of metal.
10. BIODEGRADABILITY- it is the ability of the material to decay easily.
Like fruit peelings, leaves of plants,
and dead animals.
BIODEGRADABLE- material which rot and decay
How is the decaying process of biodegradable materials?
- It take place with the help of bacteria and fungi known as decomposer.
it breakdowns the dead plants and animals, returning substances
and nutrients to the soil for plants to reuse in the form
of natural fertilizers.
NON BIODEGRADABLE- materials that do not decay like plastic, etc.
It clogged drainages and cause water flooding and land pollution
PHYSICAL PROPERTY- matter can be observed or measured
without changing the identity of matter
CHEMICAL PROPERTY- describe us substance based on its ability
to change into a new substance
with different properties
PHYSICAL CHANGE- a change that affects one or more physical properties
and it maintains its original self.
CHEMICAL CHANGE- occurs when one or more substances
are changed into entirely new substances
with different properties
EFFECTS OF DECAYING MATERIALS TO ONE’S HEALTH AND SAFETY
Spoilage – condition of being decay or damage
Molds - a fungus that cause foods to decay
Foul odor – bad odor
Disease-causing bacteria – sickness caused by bacteria
SIGNS OF FOOD DECAY/SPOILAGE
Presence of :
- molds
- bubbles
- bulging/expanded top in canned goods
- foul odor
- worms
EFFECTS OF DECAYING MATERIALS IN ONE’S HEALTH
Disease-causing bacteria– it causes weakening of the body
and makes a person sick.
Cholera - is a serious bacterial disease that can cause severe diarrhea
and dehydration.
Diarrhea - discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form.
Food poisoning - illness caused by bacteria or other toxins in food,
typically with vomiting and diarrhea.
EFFECTS OF DECAYING MATERIALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
- Not proper disposal of decaying waste allows flies, cockroaches, rats and
mosquitoes to breed/live in the street,makes you sick and may cause the
following:
 Malaria - disease spread by mosquitoes is causes a high fever and
chills
 Leptospirosis - is an infectious disease that causes symptoms such as
fever, headache, and chills. It usually comes from the urine of rat and
caused by Leptospira bacteria.
 Dengue- is a mosquito-borne viral infection causing a severe flu-like
illness and, sometimes causing a potentially lethal
complication called severe dengue.
 Foul odor
HOW TO PREVENT THE HARMFUL EFFECTS
OF DECAYING MATERIALS
 Keep leftover food in the refrigerator
 Do not eat leftover food showing signs of spoilage
 Make it a habit to always to look for expiry date of food stuff you buy
 Dispose your garbage properly. Separate those that decay
from those do not decay
 Always cover your garbage bins