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“Año del Bicentenario, de la consolidación de nuestra Independencia, y de la

conmemoración de las heroicas batallas de Junín y Ayacucho”.

COURSE: English

ISSUE: Final Project

NAME : paccho carhuancho, Johan

SEMESTER: 1ER Semester

INSTRUCTOR: Sereno Ricse , Rolling Alex

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Peru is one of the 19 countries in the world

currently considered "megadiverse". Occupying
the fifth place in the world ranking of
biodiversity. In the case of diversity of bird
species, Peru ranks third with 1850 species.
However, our biodiversity is constantly
threatened by factors such as habitat loss and
degradation, illegal trafficking of specimens,
among others; Likewise, the lack of knowledge
about the biological and ecological aspects of
the species increases the risk of threat to them.
In the Lambayeque region, located in
northwestern Peru, seasonally dry Acacia and
Prosopis forests predominate.
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Urban development and grazing have impacted

most of the native vegetation, leaving many
endemic bird species confined to remnants of
native vegetation. This region was the site of
the rediscovery of the white-winged guan, which
was thought extinct from its description in 1877
until its rediscovery in 1977 by Gustavo Del
Solar and John O'Neill.

The white-winged guan belongs to the family

Cracidae, order Galliformes, a group that is
distributed exclusively in the tropics of the
American continent, from the southern United
States to the delta of the Paraná river, located in
central Argentina, and southern Uruguay. .
These species occupy different ecosystems,
such as primary and secondary humid
forests, montane forests, and dry forests.
They do not inhabit grasslands or deserts.
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The specimens of the Cracidae family seek

refuge preferably in the arboreal vegetation and
basically feed on fruits, leaves, shoots, flowers
and seeds. Within the habitat they play a
fundamental role, since they act as seed
dispersers and in some cases, due to the type of
diet they have, they act as controllers of the
density of some plant species (Ërard & Théry,
1994).
The white-winged guan is an endemic and
representative species of Peru; it is currently
categorized as Critically Endangered (CR) of
extinction1 mainly due to factors such as
hunting and habitat loss. Native to the Dry
Forest ecoregion
Equatorial, its habitat is currently reduced to a
narrow discontinuous strip of forest between
approximately 120 to 200 km long and 5 to 40
km wide, which extends almost parallel to the
Andes mountain range and includes the regions
from Lambayeque, Piura and Cajamarca,
between 500 and 1100 meters above sea level.

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This bird, with a slender appearance and

blackish coloration, has as a singular
characteristic that when it takes flight its wings
appear white due to the 9 primary remiges of
the wing. It is characterized for being the
blackest guan of the genus Penelope, the only
one with two tones of color in the beak and with
orange-pinkish legs (Stotz et al., 2010).
The news of its rediscovery quickly went around
the world. becoming a great scientific event,
which later motivated the Congress of the
Republic of Peru to enact Law No. 28049, Law
that declares the protection of the white-winged
guan

Due to its particular sensitivity to hunting and

destruction of its habitat, the white-winged guan
can be used as an indicator species of healthy
ecosystems. Likewise, being considered as a

Descargado por Johan

(johanronaldo232@gmail.com)
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flagship species, its conservation constitutes an

effective tool for the protection of the dry
forest; Additionally, its endemic character
constitutes an advantage to generate interest
for specialized tourism, generating the
possibility of greater economic benefits for local
residents (Angulo, 2003).
Geographic distribution The species is
distributed in the regions of Piura, Lambayeque
and Cajamarca, between the geographic
coordinates 5º25' S - 79º55' W to the north and
6º39'25” S - 79º22'30” W to the south, within
the equatorial dry forest ( Tumbesian region) of
the western slope of the main chain of the
Andes, approximately between 500 and 1100 m
a.s.l. (Angulo, 2011; Alcalde et al., 2008; Stotz
et al., 2010), having been reported at heights
from 300 m a.s.l. (Ortiz, 1980) up to 1385 m
a.s.l. (Angulo, 2008; cited by Angulo, 2011). The
area of distribution of this cracid is within the
so-called Tumbesian Endemism Region for Birds
(EBA) (Stattersfield et al. 1998; BirdLife 2015b),
for which this species is endemic to this EBA and
at the same time of the Peruvian territory;
Likewise, it is also considered a flagship species
(Flanagan & Williams, 2001). Some authors
consider it key to promote efforts to expand the
distribution of the species and thus be able to
avoid eventual stochastic events that may affect
the natural populations of the species (Angulo &
Barrio, 2004).

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CONCLUSIONES

Descargado por Johan (johanronaldo232@gmail.com)

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◆ THE WHITE-WINGED GUAN IS A species of galliform

bird of the Cracidae family endemic to the dry forests
of the north coast of Peru.

◆ TODAY AN ANIMAL IN CRITICAL DANGER OF

EXTINCTION.

◆ It is critically threatened with extinction due to hunting

and habitat destruction.

◆ In August 2018, the white-winged guan was

upgraded from Critically Endangered, the highest
category of
threat on the International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) Red List, to Endangered.
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