Subject: Measurement and Automation Subject code: MESBL601

Experiment no: 04
TITLE: Study of generalized
measurenment system and its components.
AIM: To Study the generalized
measurement system and its components with at least one
example. practical
LEARNING OUTCOME:
1. Identify various elements in
2. measurement
Describe construction and working of systems/devices and its function.
given
generalized measurement systerm architecture. measuring instrument and relate it with

OBJECTIVES: To know the

1) Measurement
concepts:
2) Measurand
3) Generalized
4) Standards
Measurement System.

APPARATUS : Anymeasuremnent system like pressure measurement using Bourdon's

gauge, level mcasuremnent, temperature pressure
measurement, speed measurement, U - tube manometer,
Rota meter, Speedometer of two wheeler, Pressure
switch, Turbine Flow meter, etc.
DIAGRAM:

() Measured
Quantly
Pmary oensing
ement
Variable coverlon
elenont
Vaiable
nenlpuolon
element

Dola transmission Døta presentation

element clement Obeorww

Fig 1.1 Block diagram of Generalized Measurement System.

 Subjeet code: MESBL601
Subject: Measurement and Automation

Puot

Flg. 1.3 Bourdon tube pressure gauge

OBSERVATIONS:
instrument &write down functional element of them
study the following measuring
Observe & Dats
Data

Name efthe Measured Data Data Data conversion presentation

mAgnification
sensing transmission
instDe
Quantity
Bourdon l}usableSedor |Sebrarm TRoinber
Bourdon's tabe n M
pinen aroggve Sole
presuee Pressure ube

Conclusion: engagement between elements

due to mechanical
There is loss ofdata
important role. element.
Material propertyplays an ue to impinging offorces on cach
ofthe compopents
Contact deteriorates life
Subject: Mechanical
Measurement and Control Subject eode: MELS02

Wels
PAinnston

EOuhdary
Screw

Figure 4.4: Working Principle of Dead weight

pressure gauge tester. Figure 4.5: Dead weight
pressure gauge tester.
PROCEDURE:
1. Keep the apparatus on leveled table.
2. Fill up SAE 40 oil in oil cup. OpenConfirm the leveling by using level bottle.
the needle valve of the cup side limb & close the
needle valve of pressure gauge side limb.
3. Rotate the handle
4. anticlockwise so that maximum oil comes in the
Close the needle valve of the cup side cylinder.
5. Load the limb.
initial weight on the plunger (0.5 kg). This weight also
other weights. acts as a base Tor ine
6. Now load with the
known weight.
1. Slowly rotate the handle clockwise
8. At the same instant note till the weight gets lifted up by the plunger.
down the pressure gauge reading.
9. Repeat the reading by putting more
weights till the of the pressure gaug.
10. Repeat the procedure for ascending and descendinglimb
measurement on Bourdon pressure gauge. weights on table and comesponding
11. Plot thà graph of applied weights (X-axis) verses pressure on
12. Afer completion of the testing remove all the weights from thegauge (Y-axis).
OBSERVATIONS: plunger.

Sr. No. Applied weight (Kg/em?) Pressure gauge reading (Kg/cm) % Error

2
2.3 Q.i>2.6 o.2
33-8.2
46->4h 0,2
GRAPH:
Plot the graph of applied weights(X-axis) verses pressure on gauge (Y-axis).
CONCLUSION:

10
Subject: Measurement and Automation Subject eode: MESBL601

Experiment no: 6
TItle: Identifcation of a gtven Sensor.
AIM
To study and identify sensors.
OBJECTIVES
To identify given sensors, its function and principle of
operation.
REQUIREMENTS
Different types of proximity sensors contact and non-contact type
THEORY:
PNP -Transistor
NO(Normally Open) NPNTransistor
VCC to GND NC(Normally Closed)
VCCto Output
PNP Transistor:
Emter Ciicult
Colecior Symbol
PN P
Baso

HilE
The transistor in which one n-type material is doped with two p-type materials such type
transistor is knoWn as PNP transístor. It is a current controlled device. The small amount of baseof
current controlled both the emitter and collector current. The PNP transistor has two crystal diodes
connected back to back. The left side of the diode in known as the emitter-base diode and the right
side of the diode is knowD as the collector-base diode.
NPN Transistor:
Emilier Coeclor
N

The transistor in which one p-type material is placed between two n-type materials is known as
NPN transistor. The NPN transistor amplifies the weak signal enter into the base and produces
strong amplify signals at the collector end. In NPN transistor, the direction of movement of an
electron is from the emitter to collector region due to which the current constitutes in the transistor.
 Subject code: MESBI601
Measurement and Automation
Subject:

Experiment no: 7
Electo_Pneumatic (EP) Cireuit
Ttle: Design of
Double
AIM
using Elcctric and Pncumatic Memory Valve (single and
Ta uy control of acylinder
resptively) using Latching and Dominant ON/OFF logics.
oslenoid valves
OBJECTIVES
logically simulate the given sequence to
symbols trom the library and traincr.
Toselect appropriate print and use to hard wire the circuit on a
onare no leak current in the circuit. Take a
REQUIREMENTS
components, boses, compressor and electric
FluidSIM, hard wiring, EP
Eesto's Simulation
circuit.
the designed
powerto execute

CIRCUITSOLUTION:
24V
"2V

A1 O
2
A1

A2

2
Subject: Measurement and Automation Subject code: MESBL601

Experiment no: 8
Tile: Design of Electro_Pneumatic (EP) Circult
AIM
Tostudy, identify, Select and execute a given EP sequence.
OBJECTIVES
Toselect appropriate symbols from the library and logically simulate the given sequence to
ensure no leak curTent in the circuit. Take a print and use to hard wire the circuit on a trainer.

REQUIREMENTS
Festo's Simulation FluidSIM, hard wiring, EP components, hoses, compressor and electrie
power to execute the designed circuit.

CIRCUIT SOLUTION:
a) Process/operation sequences >
Job clamping, operation commence and retract, and finally unclamp the job.
The general sequence is
A+ B+ B- A
B+ A+ A- B

sequence the other

ie. the first cylinder commences the sequence and ends the
middle cylinder extends does the operation and retracts.
in 4 four different circuit design as given
Again, the selection and combination of DCV results
Seg A-cyl B-cyl
DS DS
2 DS
3 SS DS
4 SS SS

b) Material handling sequences >

cylinder pushes the job on the required
Eject the job piece and retract then the other
position and retracts
The general sequence is A+ A- B+ B
B+ B- A+ A
 Subject code: MESBL601
Subject: Measurement and Automation
Experiment no: 9
a glven Clrcuit.
le: Design PLC (Programmable Logical Controller) for
AIM
Allocaztion table to design a PLC Ladder logic.
To study.identify, Sclect and prepare a

OBJECTIVES
from the library and logically simulate the given sequence to
To select appropriate symbols commission
Upload the *1ld fle in the PLC controller and
ensure no leak current in the circuit. Electro Pneumatic
hardwired from the
the programme to execute the circuit designed and
experiment.
circuitry in the previous

EP
REQUIREMENTS
PLC and software in a PC, RS232 cable,
FluidSIM, Logo Soft Siemens execute the designed
Festo's Simulation the EP Trainer to
power on
hoses, Compressor and electric
components,
PLC Ladder logics.

CIRCUIT SOLUTION:

table)
Step: A(AIlocation Function

Label
Address
Description
Start the sequence
15
Start CylA
StartSwitch Homeposition of
80 CylA
LimitSwitch End position of
2
CylA
LimitSwitch Homepositlonof
bo CylA
LimitSwitch
14 End positionof
b1 SequencingA+
LimitSwitch
Y1 SequencingA
Solenoid
Sequencing B+
Solenoid
Y3 SequencingB
Solenoid
Y
Solenold
SS DCV
ForCylwith