A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change in Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh.

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A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change In Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh. 2

A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change in Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh.

Climate change is a pressing global issue that requires immediate attention and

collaborative efforts among nations. Combating climate change is one of the seventeen (17)

goals adopted by United Nations members in 2015 (SDG 13 (Bouma et al., 2019)). UAE and

other countries have adopted the forum as it shares tips on tackling global changes and helps in

bringing communal ways of solving problems.

This paper studies and compares the issue of climate change in Saudi Arabia and

Bangladesh as one of the major goals of SDGs with regard to hotter temperatures, severe storms,

and lack of enough food with an aim to inform UAE policy. This seeks to inform the UAE in

efforts to mitigate climate change and help achieve SDGs.

Situated in the Arabian Peninsula, Saudi Arabia experiences arid and semi-arid climatic

conditions. The country faces significant challenges due to rising temperatures caused by climate

change. These elevated temperatures cause issues such as water scarcity, food shortages

desertification hence storms and vulnerability of biodiversity. On the other hand, Bangladesh is

highly vulnerable to climate–induced effects due to its geographical location (South Asia), low-

lying coastal areas, and dense population. The country experiences a range of climate-related

challenges, including increased frequency and intensity of severe storms such as cyclones, storm

surges, and flooding. These events lead to agricultural disruptions hence the lack of enough food

in the country. Addressing the impacts of climate change in both countries is of utmost

importance for sustainable development and overall resilience.

One of the major problems affecting efforts in combating climate change in both Saudi

Arabia and Bangladesh is hotter temperatures. Due to its geographical location, Saudi Arabia

experiences very high temperatures with the highest ever recorded temperature of 52 degrees in
A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change In Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh. 3

Jeddah, and average temperatures ranging from 27 degrees to 43 degrees in inlands and 27 to 38

degrees in coastal areas during summer (Almazroui, 2020). On the other hand, Bangladesh

experiences lower temperatures with 45.1 degrees highest temperature ever recorded since

independence in 1972. Bangladesh experiences monsoon-type climates with cold hot and rainy

summers and dry winters with 26 degrees and 36 degrees for cold and warm months respectively

(Rahman et al., 2018). Both Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh experience the impact of rising

temperatures, However, Saudi Arabia faces a more substantial challenge in terms of extreme heat

due to its desert climate.

Storms are another major problem affecting both Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh, as a

result of climate changes. Bangladesh is prone to severe storms, including cyclones, storm

surges, and random intense rainfall primarily caused by climate changes. Saudi Arabia on the

other hand, experiences occasional intense rainstorms but it is less susceptible to cyclones and

storm surges. Severe storms pose a severe threat to both countries; however, the frequency and

scale of destruction are relatively higher in Bangladesh due with the highest ever recorded

velocities of 260 Km/h and 150 km/h in Bangladesh and Saudi Arabia respectively.

Lastly, Both Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh face food scarcity as a result of climate

change. Saudi Arabia greatly relies on imported food due to limited agricultural resources and

climate changes. On the other hand, Bangladesh also experiences food scarcity as a result of

climate change-induced disruptions in agricultural practices, leading to crop loss, soil erosion,

and water scarcity. Bangladesh also has a very large population (172, 944, 319 people) hence it

higher changes of food scarcity compared to Saudi Arabia (36, 947, 025 people) recording a

number of 36 million undernourished people in Bangladesh and 7.5 million people in Saudi

Arabia (Fahim et al., 2023).

A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change In Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh. 4

Considering the three criteria discussed above, Saudi Arabia has made greater SDG

achievements with weaker storms and low food security challenges as compared to Bangladesh.

UAE is one of the strongest countries and still suffers from climate change effects. Considering

the discussion above, the UAE can draw lessons from successful initiatives, technological

advancements, and policy frameworks in each country to inform its approaches to achieving

SDGs. It can also assess the effectiveness of different strategies, identify best practices, and

collaborate with these countries to mutually benefit from their experiences in dealing with

climate change-related issues.

A Comparative Analysis of Climate Change In Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh. 5

References.

Almazroui, M. (2020). Changes in temperature trends and extremes over Saudi Arabia for the

period 1978–2019. Advances in Meteorology, 2020, 1–21.

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8828421

Bouma, J., Montanarella, L., & Evanylo, G. (2019). The challenge for the soil science

community to contribute to the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Soil Use and Management, 35(4), 538–546. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12518

Fahim, O., Shahim, S., Shams, A. N., Muhammadi, A. F., Djazayery, A., & Esmaillzadeh, A.

(2023). Double burden of malnutrition in Afghanistan: Secondary Analysis of a national

survey. PLOS ONE, 18(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284952

Rahman, Md. R., Lateh, H., & Islam, Md. N. (2018). Climate of bangladesh: Temperature and

rainfall changes, and impact on agriculture and groundwater—a GIS-based analysis.

Springer Climate, 27–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26357-1_2