Biopsy Techniques

Cytology/Brush Biopsy
This technique involves scraping cells off a
lesion with a kit brush. Cells removed are
smeared on a glass slide to be fixed and
analyzed. Ideally, cells are obtained from all
epithelial layers (basal, intermediate, and
superficial cells). Particularly useful for large
white patch on buccal mucosa that wipes off.
This technique is non-invasive and able to be
performed by hygienists. However, there is a
high false positive rate.
Indications
• Monitoring large areas of mucosal change
for dysplastic changes (ex. herpes or
pemphigus).

Aspiration (Fine Needle Aspiration)

For aspiration, a needle and syringe are used
to extract contents of a lesion and ascertain
the identity of that fluid. This is often used to
explore radiolucent intraosseous lesions (ex:
odontogenic cyst, ameloblastoma) to
determine malignancy and fluid filled lesions
(except mucocele). It is great for
distinguishing benign and malignant bone
lesions. Cannot be used for firm, calcifying
lesions.
Indications
• Any neck mass that is not an obvious abscess