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Chapter 8—Insuring Your Life
TRUE/FALSE
1. The basic purpose of insurance is to protect you from the results of accidental losses.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1

NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective thinking STA: DISC: Risk and Return
KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension
2. Deciding to sell a motorcycle would be an example of risk sharing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-1

KEY: Bloom's: Application
3. Spreading risk among a large number of people is a major principle of insurance.

4. Risk avoidance means asking an insurance company to take over the risk for a small payment (the
premium).

5. Underwriters can predict whether or not you will suffer a loss this year.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-1

KEY: Bloom's: Analysis
6. Avoiding alcoholic beverage while driving is an example of risk reduction.

7. Generally, the primary purpose of life insurance is to provide a tax-advantaged investment plan.

8. The multiple of earnings approach to evaluating life insurance needs is simplistic but can be
unreliable.

9. The needs approach to evaluate the right amount of life insurance is the most accurate method to
determine the proper amount of death benefits.

10. The needs approach can determine your life insurance requirements with a single step.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-3

KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
11. The life insurance needs of beneficiaries are secondary since most proceeds are paid to living
policyholders.

12. The primary purpose of life insurance is to protect family members financially after one's death.

13. The need for additional life insurance can be determined by looking at the difference between
available resources and family monetary needs.

14. Social security benefits are often available resources to the family after the death of a family member.

15. The three major categories of life insurance are term, straight life, and limited payment.

16. Term insurance is generally the most economical form of life insurance for young families.

17. Guaranteed renewable term insurance allows you to renew the policy for another term without
qualifying medically.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-4

18. Life insurance needs change dramatically over one's lifetime.

19. The right of the policyholder to the cash value of a whole life policy is a nonforfeiture right.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4

20. Annual term insurance premiums increase as you get older while whole life insurance premiums
remain constant.

21. Limited payment whole life insurance is a contract written for a given number of years after which the
face value is automatically paid to the insured.

22. When you stop making premium payments on a whole life policy, the protection is immediately
forfeited.

23. Unbundling in universal life insurance means that the cost of the insurance and savings elements are
identified separately for the policy owner to see.

24. Variable life insurance if most often the best plan for most people's primary insurance needs.

25. Whole life policies typically provide a high investment rate of return.
26. The return on term life insurance policies receive favorable tax treatment.

27. A variable life policy combines life insurance coverage with tax-favored investment options.

28. Like universal life insurance, variable life insurance provides a minimum guaranteed return.

KEY: Bloom's: Synthesis
29. Group life insurance is often provided as a fringe benefit by employers.

30. Group life insurance is usually term life insurance.

31. Credit life insurance is often a legal requirement when you buy something on credit.

32. Because premiums get higher as you age, it is probably advisable for you to buy life insurance at age
20 to save money whether or not you need the insurance then.

33. Universal life insurance is often suitable for single college students since the cost is quite low.

34. If a named beneficiary does not survive an insured, the proceeds of the policy revert to the insurance
company.

35. One should typically name both primary and contingent beneficiaries for life insurance policies.

36. Generally, the period-certain settlement option is desirable because life insurance companies pay
higher than average interest rates.

37. An attractive feature of whole life insurance is the availability of loans from the cash value.

38. Loans are available from almost all life insurance policies.

39. You may reinstate your lapsed life insurance policy without answering health related questions again.

40. A waiver of premium benefit excuses premium payment when the insured is unemployed.
ANS: F PTS: 1 OBJ: LO: 8-4

41. All types of life insurance offer a cash surrender value.

42. Life insurance death benefits are not subject to income taxes.

43. Policy dividends paid on participating policies are a return of unused premium based upon the claims
experience of the mutual insurance company.

44. Mary Lou died from a heart attack. Her $20,000 policy had a double indemnity clause. Her beneficiary
will receive $40,000.

45. It is probably advisable to purchase life insurance from a company that has been in business for at least
25 years.

46. Life insurance cash value may be collected by terminating the policy.

47. Life insurance cash value may be borrowed from the insurer at a low interest and does not need to be
paid back.

48. Cash value is an important component of whole life, universal life, and variable life but is never a
component of term insurance.

49. Cash value will not be forfeited to the insurance company for non-payment of a premium, but will
instead always accrue to the benefit of the policy owner.

50. Individually owned life insurance premiums are generally tax deductible.

51. Lump-sum distributions of death benefits are generally excluded from federal income tax.

52. When cash value is withdrawn from a life insurance policy it is always tax free.

53. Life insurance policy loans are generally not taxable in the year taken and not deductible in the year
repaid.

54. The face value on a whole life policy is likely to change over time.

55. Life insurance designed to pay the balance on a mortgage is an example of a good use decreasing term
policy.

56. Level premium term policies have become much more popular than annual renewable term policies in
recent years.

NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective thinking KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
57. A life insurance policy should contain a co-insurance clause.

NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective thinking KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension
58. Multiple indemnity policies should be ignored as a source of funds when determining insurance needs
because it offers no protection if the insured’s death is due to natural causes.

59. A guaranteed purchase option is when an insured sells an interest in the life insurance policy to an
investor, who then becomes the policy’s beneficiary.

60. With traditional whole life policies sold by an agent, sales commissions and marketing expenses
account for between 50% and 100% of the first year’s premium.

account for between 20% to 25% of total premiums paid over the life of the policy.

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The basic purpose of insurance is to

a. protect your health.
b. protect you from losses.
c. supplement your income.
d. shield you from bad decisions.
e. none of these
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1
2. Insurance is a tool that can lessen ____ risk.

a. social
b. mental
c. economic
d. accident
e. exposure
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1
3. The purchase of insurance is a common form of which risk management technique:

a. risk retention
b. risk transfer
c. risk assumption
d. risk avoidance
e. loss control
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-1
4. Underwriting is best described as:

a. Activities related to selecting acceptable risks so that general insurer objectives are met.
b. Actuarial science
c. Production-related activities performed primarily by agents in the field
d. Process of developing pricing structures for insurance, often performed by an actuary
e. A function most often performed by adjusters.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-1
5. From the standpoint of the person buying insurance, the central purpose of insurance should be:
a. to collect for all accidental losses
b. to transfer risks of serious losses
c. to support the prevention of losses
d. to accumulate savings
e. to reduce payments for the most frequently occurring losses
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-2
6. Which of the following types of policies is most likely to allow you to switch investments?
a. limited pay life
b. whole life
c. variable life
d. term life
e. adjustable whole life
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4
7. Which of the following forms of life insurance requires the lowest premium per dollar of initial death
benefits?
a. universal life
b. whole life
c. variable life
d. term life
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-4
8. Kurt purchased a policy with an initial premium of $3,000 and may elect how much he desires to pay
in premiums from now on. He has purchased a face value of $100,000 and can accumulate cash value.
What type of life insurance has Kurt purchased?
a. universal life
b. whole life
c. modified whole life
d. term life
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4
9. Which of the following companies does NOT rate the financial strength of life insurance companies?
a. A.M. Best
b. Moody's
c. Duff & Phelps
d. Weiss
e. Welch's
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-5
10. If a life insurance policy pays dividends, it is called:

a. universal life
b. participating
c. investment grade
d. paid-up
e. extended
11. The most valuable single technique in personal risk management to assist an individual in determining
how much life insurance is needed is:
a. Computing the Human Life Value.
b. Using the probability of death each year, prevailing interest rates and assumed inflation
rates to find the discounted present value of a future income stream.
c. Assessing the family's total economic needs and subtracting financial resources available
to meet those needs.
d. Estimating the sum of money which, when paid in installments, will produce the same
income as the person would have earned, after deducting assumed amounts for taxes and
personal maintenance expenses.
e. Using a multiple of earnings adjusted for occupation.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-3
12. Underwriting helps protect life insurance companies from which of the following:
a. major downturns in the economy
b. short-term shocks in the investment markets
c. adverse selection
d. having too many healthy people buy life insurance
e. shifts in the macro-social structure of the population
13. The probability of a loss occurring can be reduced by

a. risk observance.
b. loss prevention.
c. risk assumption.
d. risk retention.
e. insurance.
14. Through insurance, society is able to

a. reduce costs.
b. increase rewards.
c. reduce financial risks and share losses.
d. change financial risks and reduce losses.
e. anticipate risks.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1
15. The best way to handle risk is to

a. avoid risk
b. assume risk.
c. try to prevent losses.
d. transfer risk to an insurance company.
e. use some combination of these.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1
16. Underwriting is
a. selling insurance at a premium less than that of the competition.
b. payment of a claim.
c. a method for developing policy wording.
d. the determination of which exposures to insure.
e. none of these.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-1
17. The underwriting function is designed to be sure that premiums are based on
a. income levels.
b. the value of the loss.
c. the value of the gain.
d. the chance of loss.
e. expense levels.
18. The primary purpose of life insurance is to provide

a. financial security for dependents in the event of death.
b. protection from creditors and lawsuits.
c. tax-advantaged investments.
d. high-yield investments.
e. all of the above.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1
19. Using the ____ approach is the most accurate method to determine life insurance needs.
a. human life value
b. multiple earnings
c. risk assessment
d. economic identification
e. needs
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-3
20. The needs approach to determining the amount of life insurance considers
a. family income.
b. paying off debts.
c. special financial needs.
d. liquidity.
e. all of these.
ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-3
21. In determining available resources to offset economic needs, you would generally not consider
a. social security benefits.
b. earning potential of financially independent children.
c. earning potential of surviving spouse.
d. savings.
e. employer-provided group life insurance.
22. Term life insurance is characterized by

a. level annual premiums throughout life.
b. premium amounts related to age.
c. inappropriateness for most person's life insurance needs.
d. non-convertibility.
e. cash value.
23. ____ is not a type of term insurance.

a. Limited pay
b. Decreasing
c. Convertible
d. Renewable
e. Annual
24. The settlement option chosen by most beneficiaries is

a. lump sum.
b. interest only.
c. fixed amount.
d. fixed time.
e. life income.
25. ____ is a common provision in many term policies.

a. A reward clause
b. A renewable clause
c. Cash value
d. A limited clause
e. An arbitration clause
26. If life insurance is convertible, the policy can be

a. transferred to the life of another person.
b. exchanged for cash.
c. changed to health or disability protection
d. changed to another type of life insurance.
e. revised as needed.
27. Decreasing term insurance usually has a decreasing face value and
a. a decreasing premium.
b. a level premium.
c. an increasing premium.
d. a fluctuating premium.
e. none of the above.
28. Rodney and Toni are a young couple with two small children. They are doing well financially but their
life insurance needs are high and their budget is tight. What type of life insurance will give them the
most protection for their money?
a. continuous premium
b. universal life
c. paid up life
d. term life
e. variable life
29. The least expensive form of whole life insurance protection is

a. term.
b. straight life.
c. limited payment.
d. universal.
30. If the objective of your life insurance program is to get the greatest death protection now for your
insurance dollars, you should choose ____ insurance.
a. term
b. universal
c. limited pay
d. industrial
e. whole life
31. Whole life insurance is designed to provide

a. protection only.
b. savings only.
c. savings and loan value.
d. protection and savings.
e. loan value only.
32. You want to pay premiums for 20 years and have your insurance premium obligations finished at that
time, but you feel you will need life insurance for the rest of your life. You should choose ____
insurance.
a. continuous premium
b. limited pay
c. single premium
d. multiple premium
e. universal
33. Which of the following is not characteristic of universal life insurance?
a. flexible premiums
b. choice of how the accumulation account is invested
c. option A provides a level death benefit
d. option B provides a stated amount of insurance plus the accumulated cash value
e. the death protection and the savings portion are identified separately
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4
34.
Henry must make set premium payments on his insurance policy until he dies, and if he cancels the
policy he will receive the cash value. His plan is a ____ life policy.
a. term
b. whole life
c. limited payment
d. universal
e. none of the above
35. The insurance portion of a universal life policy is most analogous to

a. mortgage insurance.
b. group insurance.
c. whole life insurance.
d. term insurance.
e. variable insurance.
36. Universal life insurance is

a. a deferred premium payment policy.
b. primarily sold to college students.
c. a combined investment plan and insurance policy.
d. a provision for a secondary beneficiary.
e. all of the above.
37. An insured usually chooses variable life insurance in order to

a. provide more flexible coverage.
b. emphasize the savings portion while still having death protection.
c. lessen the savings feature of life insurance.
d. substitute for fixed-dollar insurance protection.
e. reduce insurance premiums.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4
38. ____ can be both an advantage and a disadvantage of universal life insurance.
a. Flexible premiums
b. Tax features
c. High returns
d. Unbundling
e. fixed returns
39. The death benefit of ____ life insurance may go down due to poor investment returns.
a. limited pay
b. whole
c. universal
d. variable
e. c and d
40. Group life insurance is

a. provided by lenders.
b. now called home service life.
c. generally a decreasing term policy.
d. often more expensive than private coverage.
e. All of the above
41. ____ and ____ are both relatively expensive types of decreasing-term life insurance.
a. Group life; credit life
b. Credit life; mortgage life
c. Mortgage life; industrial life
d. Industrial life; special-purpose policies
e. Special-purpose policies; group life
42. Life insurance policies with small face amounts where the premium may be collected weekly by
agents is
a. credit life insurance.
b. mortgage life insurance.
c. industrial life insurance.
d. special purpose insurance.
e. group life insurance.
43. A grace period permits the policy holder to retain insurance even though the premium has not been
paid for
a. a year.
b. 6 months.
c. 3 months.
d. 2 months.
e. 30 days
44. Marilyn Simms died with a $200,000 life insurance policy. Her husband, Jack, was the primary
beneficiary and their children, Mimi (age 24) and Ann (age 30), were the contingent beneficiaries. All
three survived Marilyn. How would the policy proceeds be distributed?
a. $200,000 to Jack
b. $100,000 each to Mimi and Ann
c. $100,000 to Jack and $50,000 each to Mimi and Ann
d. $66,666 each to Jack, Mimi, and Ann
e. $150,000 to Jack and $25,000 each to Mimi and Ann
45. Which of the following policy features allow the insured to increase coverage periodically without
showing proof of insurability?
a. multiple indemnity clause
b. guaranteed purchase options
c. disability clause
d. paid-up insurance option
e. extended-term option
46. For the insured who needs more life insurance, the best option for receiving policy dividends is to
a. receive them as cash payments.
b. leave the dividends with the insurance company to earn interest.
c. buy additional paid-up coverage.
d. apply them toward the next premium payment.
e. take living benefits.
47. A life insurance contract contains clauses for

a. settlement options.
b. policy reinstatement.
c. change of policy.
d. all of the above.
48. Nonforfeiture rights guarantee that a policy owner will not lose his or her ____.
a. face value.
b. death benefits for survivors.
c. cash value.
d. premium refunds.
e. premium reductions.
49. A participating policy

a. has no incontestability clause.
b. is a form of endowment insurance.
c. may pay dividends.
d. requires a savings function.
e. contains no tax benefits.
50. Paying life insurance premiums on a(n) ____ basis will be the most economical.
a. annual
b. semi annual
c. quarterly
d. monthly
e. It makes no difference.
51. When a primary beneficiary dies before the insured, proceeds are payable to
a. the state
b. the probate court
c. the insured's estate
d. the contingent beneficiary or beneficiaries
e. the insurance company keeps the proceeds
52. The basic assumptions that the company used to compute its life insurance premiums include all but
a. age
b. sex
c. health status
d. income
e. none of the above
53. A life insurance policy should contain all the following except
a. Policy description
b. Underwriting discussion
c. Column definitions
d. Co-insurance clause
e. Disclaimer
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-6
54. Which type of settlement option pays for over a predetermined time frame?
a. Lump sum
b. Interest only
c. Lifetime income
d. Fixed period
e. Fixed amount
55. What is it called when an insured sells an interest in the life insurance policy to an investor, who then
becomes the policy’s beneficiary?
a. Participating policy
b. Living benefit rider
c. Viatical settlement
d. Guaranteed purchase option
e. None of the above
account for at least ___ % of the first year’s premium and at least ___% of total premiums paid over
the life of the policy.
a. 20, 5
b. 50, 10
c. 75, 25
d. 100, 20
e. 200, 50
COMPLETION
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the word or phrase in [ ] which will correctly complete the statement.
Select A for the first item, B for the second item, and C if neither item will correctly complete the
statement.
1. Smoking [will | will not] be a factor in determining life insurance premiums.
ANS: a
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-1

2. If a loss is certain to occur, there is [a | no] risk.
ANS: b
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-1

3. It [is | is not] possible to avoid most risks in your life.
ANS: b

4. An activity that reduces the chance that a loss will occur is [risk shifting | loss prevention].
ANS: b

5. People share losses through [loss control | insurance].
ANS: b

6. You would be most likely to assume the risk of a [small | large] potential loss.
ANS: a

7. In order to predict accurately the number of losses that will occur in a given time, insurance companies
must study [large | small] numbers of cases.
ANS: a
8. Deciding which people will be insured by an insurance company is a function of the [agent |
underwriter].
ANS: b

9. Using the needs approach, we look at the survivors' needs if the income producer dies [tomorrow |
before his life expectancy].
ANS: a

10. Social Security survivors' benefits typically provide benefits for children through [high school |
college].
ANS: a

11. The most accurate way to determine how much life insurance you need is to use the [multiple earnings
| needs] approach.
ANS: b

12. If your insurance policy promises to pay death benefits only if you die during a specified time, you
have [term | whole] life insurance.
ANS: a

13. The majority of term policies have a [level | decreasing] face value.
ANS: a

14. The premium on your term insurance will [increase | stay the same] with each renewal.
ANS: a

15. Most term insurance [is | is not] renewable.
ANS: a

16. The cash value would build more quickly with a [continuous | limited payment] whole life policy.
ANS: b

17. Annual premiums would be lower with [continuous | limited payment] whole life insurance.
ANS: a

18. The life insurance policy that clearly separates the protection and savings elements is [whole life |
universal life].
ANS: b

19. The policy owner assumes the investment risk with [whole life | variable life] insurance.
ANS: b

20. The [policy owner | insurance company] makes the investment decisions with universal life insurance.
ANS: b

21. The [policy owner | insurance company] makes the investment decisions with variable life insurance.
ANS: a

22. [Credit life | Group] insurance is one of the most expensive forms of life insurance.
ANS: a

23. Group insurance is most likely to be [term | whole life].
ANS: a

24. Credit life insurance is generally considered to be a [good | poor] life insurance buy.
ANS: b

25. If neither the primary nor secondary beneficiary survives the insured, the life insurance proceeds will
be [kept by the insurance company | paid to the state in which the insured lived | paid to the estate of
the insured and are distributed by the probate court].
ANS: c

26. The beneficiary [will | will not] have to pay income taxes on the proceeds from a life insurance policy.
ANS: b

27. An insured can borrow from the [cash | face] value of her life insurance policy.
ANS: a

28. Changing the beneficiary on a life insurance policy is generally [easy | difficult] to do.
ANS: a

29. The [lump sum | life income] settlement option is the most commonly selected option.
ANS: a

30. Life insurance [will | will not] pay proceeds if an insured is killed in a commercial airline crash.
ANS: a

31. Living benefits would [increase | decrease] the proceeds available for beneficiaries.
ANS: b

32. If you have $300 per year available for life insurance, you could get higher life insurance protection
with a [continuous | limited payment] policy.
ANS: a

33. You can learn about the financial strength of an insurance company by checking Best's Insurance
Reports and [the SEC | Standard and Poor's] rating system.
ANS: b

34. A life insurance agent who takes her profession seriously is likely to have earned the [CPCU | CLU]
professional certification.
ANS: b

35. [Level premium | annual renewable] term policies have become much more popular in recent years.
ANS: a

36. A life insurance policy should contain which of the following? [policy description | co-insurance
clause].
ANS: a

37. Insurance is a tool that can lessen [economic | accident] risk.
ANS: a

NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective thinking KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension
38. A [viatical settlement | guaranteed purchase option] is when an insured sells an interest in the life
insurance policy to an investor, who then becomes the policy’s beneficiary.
ANS: a
PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-6

account for at least [25% | 100%] of the first year’s premium.
ANS: b

account for at least [20% | 50%] of total premiums paid over the life of the policy.
ANS: a

PROBLEM
1. Alice is 40 years old and earns $35,000 annually. The multiple earnings approach to determine the
amount of life insurance needed shows that she should have 6.5 times her earnings. How much
insurance should Alice have? (Show all work.)
ANS:
$35,000  6.5 = $227,500

KEY: Bloom's: Evaluation
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Louie's
married life
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
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United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.
Title: Louie's married life
Author: Sarah Doudney
Illustrator: W. Rainey
Release date: April 26, 2024 [eBook #73473]
Language: English
Original publication: London: S. W. Partridge & Co, 1894
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LOUIE'S

MARRIED LIFE ***
Transcriber's note: Unusual and inconsistent spelling is
as printed.
THERE WAS SOMETHING IMPOSING

AND SUMPTUOUS ABOUT HER BEAUTY.
LOUIE'S MARRIED LIFE
BY
SARAH DOUDNEY
AUTHOR OF "WHEN WE TWO PARTED," "WHERE THE DEW FALLS IN

LONDON,"
"A ROMANCE OF LINCOLN'S INN," ETC.
ILLUSTRATED BY W. RAINEY, R. I.
LONDON
S. W. PARTRIDGE & CO.
8 & 9 PATERNOSTER ROW.

CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
I. BEGINNING
II. LOOKING BACK
III. INEZ
IV. RONALD
V. RECOVERY
VI. THE GUITAR
VII. JARS
VIII. MARIAN
IX. GOING OUT
X. SHADOWS DEEPEN
XI. POISONED WORDS
XII. JEALOUSY
XIII. ANGUISH
XIV. STRICKEN
XV. FLIGHT
XVI. A FEVERISH DREAM
XVII. AWAKING
XVIII. HEART TO HEART
XIX. THE OLD ALBUM
XX. THE JEWELS
XXI. CLOSING WORDS

LOUIE'S MARRIED LIFE
CHAPTER I.
BEGINNING.
"Sweetheart, sweetheart," I hear the two clear

notes,
And see the sunlight shining through the shower;
"Sweetheart," how faintly from the meadow floats
The early fragrance of the cuckoo-flower!
The wind is keen, and April skies are grey;
But love can wait till rain-clouds break apart;
And still the bird sings through the longest day;
"Sweetheart,
sweetheart."
When lives are true, the springtide never dies,

When souls are one, the love-notes never cease;
Our bird sings on beneath the cloudy skies,
Our little world is full of light and peace;
Fresh as the breath of violets new-born
Comes the sweet thought to hearts that cannot part,
"After the night of weeping breaks the morn,
"Sweetheart,
sweetheart."
SURELY no one would ever believe that this song was

written by a Londoner, and yet I, who wrote it, am a
Londoner in heart and soul. But I was born far away in the
country, and all the familiar sights and sounds of old days
lend themselves to my rhymes, so that I oftener sing of
fields, and birds, and flowers, than of those things which
are always before my eyes. Moreover, as all authors know,
it is sometimes easier to write of the unseen than of the
seen, and these home fields of mine have borrowed much
of their beauty from the glamour of distance.
It is because this tale is called "Louie's Married Life,"

that I shall give you my songs. They were all written for
Ronald to sing to the accompaniment of his guitar; and if it
had not been for Ronald, I hardly think that they would ever
have been written at all. For if I had married somebody else
(as I nearly did, once upon a time), this little flame of song
which is in me would have been extinguished altogether,
and I should have become the dullest woman in the world.
These songs are a part of my life as a wife.
I daresay, however, that many people have wasted a

great deal of pity on the wife of Ronald Hepburne; and if
they do not openly point at the lines on my forehead and
the crow's feet at the corners of my eyes, they convey by
looks and tones their deep distress on seeing my altered
appearance. I admit that they have every possible right to
indulge in polite lamentations. Never having been a buxom
woman, I had not much flesh to lose; and nursing through
long days, and watching through longer nights, have left
upon me certain traces which are not likely to be effaced,
even in this present time of peace.
When I wrote the foregoing little song, it was early in an

April morning; the only sunbeams that I could see were
shining on brick walls, blackened with smoke; and the only
sky that I could see was a patch of pale blue above the
chimney-tops. But, as I lifted my head from my pillow, a
feeling of unutterable gratitude thrilled me through and
through: it was the last night that we should ever spend in
that dreary London room, and Ronald had been sleeping
soundly and long. Weeping may endure for a night (and
with me it had endured for many nights), but joy cometh in
the morning.
I thought of all the other watchers in the crowded

houses around me, of mothers counting the hours by the
beds of sick children, of wives who had agonised as I had
done and prayed as I had prayed; and then, as I looked at
Ronald's face, in the dim dawn, I began to recall the note of
an early bird in my old country home—and so the song was
made.
We had only been married six months when Ronald was

stricken with fever. First a slight cold, a few days of languor
and depression, and then, before I had had time to realise
the danger, he was face to face with death. So the battle for
life was fought and won in the dark chamber of a London
lodging, and on that April morning I was tasting the first
sweets of the great deliverance.
But when with a great effort he rose from the bed

whereon he had lain for weeks, I almost feared that the
conflict was about to begin again. He had never answered
to the popular notion of a fine, handsome man (and I must
needs say here that I have no fancy for burly men), yet I
had not thought it possible that he could become so fragile,
so spectre-like, as he now appeared. Mine is, I suppose, a
transparent character, for Ronald always reads my thoughts
at a glance; and as his eyes met mine, he gave me a
reassuring smile.
"Never fear, Louie," he said, cheerfully. "I shall grow

more substantial by-and-by." And then, touching my thin
arm, he added, with a sadder look, "I am afraid, poor child,
that you have thrown your own strength away in trying to
save mine."
"I'm very strong," I answered, buttoning his great-coat

with vigorous fingers. "The cab will be here in a minute, and
we have no time to spend in bemoaning our leanness. Are
you not very glad, Ronald, to leave this dismal old sick room
fer ever and ever?"
But, even while I spoke, there flitted across my brain a

faint foreshadowing of a time when the memory of that dim
little room would become painfully dear. The feeling passed
as quickly as it came, and I drew the folds of Ronald's
wrapper over his mouth to guard him from the chilly wind of
spring. Then the cab came up to the door, and we stood at
the window to watch the disposal of our luggage on the
roof.
"The guitar will go inside," said I to the servant.
So the guitar was carried out in its case and deposited

on the front seat, and Ronald followed, so slowly and feebly
that my heart ached to see him. I was the last to get in;
and so we turned our backs upon that dreary house where
we had suffered the sharpest sorrow that we had ever yet
known.
The drive to our new abode was not a long one; and as
it was fated that we were to meet with a disaster, it was
well that it did not come upon us until we were very near
our home. As we turned sharply out of Welbeck Street
another cab came smashing into ours, and we were
overturned in a moment. Assistance was soon forthcoming;
the two drivers exchanged compliments after the manner of
their kind; ready helpers collected our boxes, and placed
us, quite unharmed, in another vehicle; in short, it was one
of those "marvellous escapes" of which one hears so much,
and there was only one thing belonging to us which was
much the worse for the accident.
And that one thing was Ronald's guitar.
Until I was fairly inside our new rooms, I did not realise
that the poor guitar was completely done for, and then I
confess I shed some very bitter tears. Our new landlady
(who had been a dear old nurse of mine) was much amazed
and scandalised by my excessive grief, and instantly fell to
reproving me as she had done in the days of my childhood.
"I'm astonished at you, Miss Louie," said she, forgetting

my matronly dignity. "If your husband's bones had been
smashed, you couldn't have made a greater fuss, and all
about a musical instrument of no account whatever! A
pianner, now, would be worth crying over, but there never
was much noise to be got out of that poor silly stringed
thing."
I am quick of temper, and I felt very much inclined to

slap nurse at that moment.
"Go away," I said, crying anew. "You never can
understand how dear that guitar is to me. I first f-f-fell in
love with Ronald when he was playing upon it."
"What a fool I be!" soliloquised nurse, smiling. "I might

have known as much. Why, I remember that I took a fancy
to my old man when he was blowing his flute; and yet most
folks say that a flute's dreadfully disfiguring to the
countenance."
After that I kissed nurse, and she went off cheerfully to

prepare our seven o'clock dinner, while I took my way to
our little sitting-room. Finding Ronald lying tranquilly on an
old-fashioned sofa, and looking a trifle more like his old self,
my spirits rose again, and I began to feel myself a happy
woman.
Most Londoners are well enough acquainted with Chapel

Place—that convenient little alley which runs from Oxford
Street into Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square—and it was
in Chapel Place that we, a lonely pair of lovebirds, had now
found a settled nest. Our rooms were on the ground-floor,
and we looked out upon the grey stone wall of the great
post-office, and were thankful for any "small mercies"
vouchsafed us by stray sunbeams.
And yet, from that very first afternoon in nurse's house,

I felt that here was to be the truest and happiest home that
I had ever known. I watched the pigeons fluttering softly
about the east gable of St. Peter's Church, and saw the faint
crescent of the new moon rise above the house-roofs, and
show its pale golden outline against a background of misty
lilac sky. And Ronald, languid but content, studied my
brightened face, and lazily whispered that I was once more
like the girl he had wooed two years ago.
When I read a novel, I always make a point of skipping
the explanations, and now that I am writing a story I shall
endeavour to explain as little as I can, and to leave as much
as possible to the instincts of my intelligent readers. It is
necessary, however, that I should briefly state how I came
to know Ronald Hepburn, and who and what my husband
was.
First of all, let me say that he was a soldier, sprung

from a long line of soldiers who had fought and served in
India. In India he was born, and when I met him, he had
just been invalided home and had left the service. You have
only to stroll into the neighbourhood of the best clubs and
you will see dozens of men exactly like him any day. He was
not in any way remarkable, and he had never been
handsome, but he possessed a certain indolent grace of
manner and bearing—a certain air of high breeding and
perfect repose, which are attractions in the eyes of some
women. After saying all this, I have merely to add that I like
high breeding and repose, and it was therefore not
surprising, perhaps, if Ronald Hepburne succeeded, pretty
easily, in fascinating me.
CHAPTER II.
LOOKING BACK.
I HAD grown-up, a penniless little orphan, in my uncle's

quiet country cottage, and when he died, I knew not where
to look for another home. He had commended me to the
care of his oldest friend, the rector of the parish, and had
left me all that he had to leave—a thousand pounds and his
blessing. The rector was a good man and a wise; he
invested my small fortune to the best advantage, and sent
me up to town to be the protégée and companion of his
widowed sister, Lady Waterville.
It had seemed to me a hard thing that nurse, who had

been my loving tyrant from baby-hood, should have left me
just twelve months before my uncle's death. After years of
comfortable widowhood, she had yielded to the prayers of
an old admirer, whose liking for her comely, rustic face had
survived through many chances and changes. And so, with
tears, she had taken leave of my uncle and me, and had
gone off with her husband to his London home, little
thinking how soon I was destined to follow her.
Lady Waterville was very stout, very amiable, and
indescribably lazy. I have said "indescribably," because no
word in any language would ever completely express that
wonderful indolence of hers. Many people are sufficiently
ashamed of their idleness to veil it under pretty shams of
work; but Lady Waterville never was ashamed in the least.
She was uncompromisingly honest, and would plainly admit
that anything in the shape of an occupation was hateful to
her. The world was far too busy, she declared; as for
herself, it had not pleased a kind Providence to give her a
vocation, and she did not mean to thwart its designs by
trying to find employment.
"Here I sit," she would say, "with my idle hands before

me, and even Satan himself has never found any mischief
for them to do. So Dr. Watts is not infallible, my dear."
In one of his stories, Mr. Wilkie Collins has introduced us

to a lady who sat through life, and she must certainly have
borne a strong resemblance to Lady Waterville. Strange as
it may seem, this sitting existence appeared to agree with
her extremely well; and, despite her obesity, she was a
pretty old woman, with an open, good-tempered face, and
soft hair which was a mixture of silver and gold. I have
heard Ronald say that she always reminded him of an
immense doll, smiling fatuously upon you through its glass
window, untouched by any human ills, unaltered by the
lapse of time. But although she was not blessed (or cursed)
with any deep feelings, she was very comfortable to live
with, and unvarying in her kindness to me.
Her husband, Sir Clement Waterville, had been knighted

for his services in India; and, having done with the army, he
had settled himself in an old house in George Street,
Hanover Square. There his widow was still living when I
came up to town to be her companion, and there she
continued to live to the end of her days.
The house was let on a long lease at two hundred and

sixty pounds a year, and was the property of Ronald
Hepburne. It was the only property that he possessed, and
it had been left to him by his aunt, Inez Greystock, who had
perished in the Indian Mutiny.
Sir Clement Waterville and Colonel Greystock (the

husband of Inez) had been intimate friends in India; and so
it came to pass that Ronald became acquainted with the
Watervilles, and continued to visit the widow after Sir
Clement's death.
Lady Waterville did not receive many visitors, as she

hated the trouble of entertaining; but any one who had
been liked by her husband was welcomed to her house; and
there were two young men in whom Sir Clement had taken
an especial interest. These two were William Greystock and
Ronald Hepburne.
Colonel Greystock had survived his wife many years; he

had never had any children, and William, his nephew, had
taken the place of a son. Through his influence, William had
obtained a Government appointment in India, and had
inherited all that his uncle had to leave. When I came to live
with Lady Waterville, the colonel had been dead some time;
and William, a single man, was living comfortably on his
means.
"William Greystock would be a good match for you,

Louie," said Lady Waterville one day.
How well I remember that day! It was May time; the

drawing-room was sweet with flowers, and through the
open windows came the first warm breath of summer. We
sat with a little tea-table between us; the clocks were just
striking four, and the sunshine lay brightly on the old street
and square. I had been in town three months, and my ears
had grown accustomed to the ceaseless roll of wheels; the
noises that had seemed deafening at first were pleasant
now, and I had already begun to love that loud hum of
unresting life which is still dear to me.
Not being in the least in awe of Lady Waterville, I never

hesitated to speak my mind.
"I don't like Mr. Greystock much," I said, frankly.
"You might like him better, if he were to pay you

particular attentions, my dear."
"I don't think I should. I liked our curate very much

indeed until he became particularly attentive, and then I
turned against him in the most extraordinary way. If I could
have married him I would, just to please my uncle and the
rector."
"So you are not quite such 'an unlesson'd girl' as I

supposed," said Lady Waterville, surveying me with a
benign smile. "You have had a lover; but as he didn't
succeed, I think he must have played his cards very badly."
"He played them well enough, I believe," I replied,

smiling at the remembrance of sundry proofs of devotion.
"I don't mean that he was not in earnest." The widow

was still smiling at me across her teacup. "But he must
have been terribly deficient in tact. You were in the dullest
of country places; you saw nobody, and went nowhere.
Under such circumstances, I don't see how any decent man
could have failed to win you. My brother used to be rather
fastidious about curates, so I suppose your admirer was
presentable."
"Decidedly presentable and good-looking; but I got tired

of him and his face."
"What was the matter with his face?"
"Nothing; but it was a face that had no story in it."
Lady Waterville held out her cup for more cream, and
then looked at me with a slight shake of the head.
"I know you now," she said. "Louie, you are just the
kind of girl who will marry badly or not marry at all."
I laughed gaily.
"What an awful prophecy, Lady Waterville!" I cried.
"Do you know what it is that writes the story on a man's

face?" she went on. "I will tell you—folly, extravagance, sin,
and bitter repentance."
I grew graver as I listened. Was she thinking of the very

face that I was silently picturing at that moment? Despite
her laziness, Lady Waterville possessed the faculty of
observation; perhaps she saw all the more of life because
she was wholly unoccupied. Her eyes were always at
liberty; never being bent on crewelwork or patchwork, they
studied human countenances in a leisurely fashion, and it is
possible that they discovered a good many little secrets. I
felt my cheeks beginning to burn.
"Give me another cup of tea, my dear," she said,

speaking in quite a different tone. "The last was not sweet
enough. How well those buttercups suit you!"

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ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-3

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-3

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4

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ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-4

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging OBJ: LO: 8-4

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-4

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate OBJ: LO: 8-4

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy OBJ: LO: 8-4

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