Pythagorean Theorem Notes By: Madoka

Hirabayashi
Definition
Theorem that the sum of the squares on the legs of a RIGHT TRIANGLE
is equal to the square on the HYPOTENUSE.
Formula
a 2 + b2 = c2
(a×a×b×b×c×c)
Graph

a and b are SIDES.

c
(Hypotenus c is the HYPOTENUSE (longest side of the
a right triangle)

You are given three sides and use the formula to prove if the triangle is a righ
not.
Ex
Prove RIGHT Triangles
5, 9, 12 49 576
7,62524, 25
25 81
(5×5)
144
+ (9×9) = (12×12) × (7×7) + (24×24) = (25×25) ? ✔
NOT a right triangle
Using the formula to find missing side length of a right triangle. RIG
triangle
x2 + 122 = 202
Finding Missing Side x2 = 202 - 122
20cm
lengths x 400 – 144= 256
√256=16 x=16cm

Nina buying a ladder to reach her house’s rooftop, there is several length to l
Nina wants one that spreads 12 cm and can climb up to somewhere 20 cm hi
Word Problems should the ladder be for Nina to reach her rooftop?
PythagoreanWhen
Theorem Practice
constructing a staircase, they can use the theorem When determining the distance between two points on a
to determine the correct length of the diagonal handrail. map, surveyors can use the theorem to calculate the
Real Life straight-line distance (as the crow flies) between those
points.
1)
What is the missing side length?

15 cm
9 cm

2)
What is the missing side length?

30cm
x

24cm

3)
Can these lengths make a right triangle?
16cm, 18cm, 20cm

4)
Can these lengths make a right triangle?
27cm, 36cm, 45cm
5)
A ladder leans against a wall, forming a right triangle with the ground. The ladder is 15 feet long,
and the base of the ladder is placed 9 feet away from the wall. How far up the wall does the ladder reach?
(Round to the nearest tenth)

6)
A rectangular garden measures 8 meters by 10 meters. A diagonal path is to be built from one
corner of the garden to the opposite corner. What is the length of the diagonal path? (Round to the nearest
tenth)

7)
A ship leaves port and travels due east for 50 miles. Then, it changes course and travels due north
for 30 miles. How far is the ship from the port? (Round to the nearest tenth)

8)
A right triangle has one leg that is 6 inches long and the hypotenuse that is 10 inches long. What
is the length of the other leg?
9)
The bottom of a ladder is placed 3 feet from a wall. The ladder is 12 feet long. How far above the
ground does the ladder touch the wall? (Round to the nearest tenth)

10)
A soccer field is a rectangle, 90 meters wide and 120 meters long. The coach asks the players to
run from one corner to the corner diagonally across the field. How far do the players run?
Pythagorean Theorem Practice Answer Key

1) x=12cm
2) 2) x=18cm
3) 3) No
4) 4) Yes
5) 5) 17.5ft
6) 6) 12.8meters
7) 58.3miles
8) 8inches
9) 12.4ft
10) 150meters
Linear Relationships Notes

- Vocabulary
Linear Relationship – A straight-line relationship between TWO variables.
Proportional – Between two variables when one variable is directly PROPORTIONAL to the other,
meaning that as one variable increases, the other also increase and same with decreasing at a CONSTANT
RATE,
Non-Proportional – Between two variables when the ratio between the two variables is not constant
throughout. Does not go through the origin (0,0) on a graph.
Slope – The rate of change of y over x. How much y changes for a one-unit change in x.
Y-intercept – Where the line crosses the y axis when x is zero on a non-proportional relationship.

- Formula

Proportional Non - Proportional

Y = mx Y = mx + b

Y = y axis Y = y axis B = Y intercept

M = Slope M = Slope

X = x axis X = x axis

- Differences between Proportional and Non-Proportional

Relationships
Proportional Non-Proportional
Constant Ratio Non-Constant Ratio
Y=mx Y=mx + b
Passes through origin (0,0) Does not pass through origin (0,0)
Does not have Y-intercept Has Y-intercept
- Examples of Proportional Relationships

- Examples of Non-Proportional Relationships

- Key Words to Look Out for on a Word Problem
Proportional Non-Proportional
Proportional Not Proportional
Constant Varies
Multiplicative Fees
No fees (include does not say Fare
fees)

A car rental company charges $30 per day to rent a car. Let d represent the number of days a car
is rented, and c represent the total cost.
PROPORTIONAL
A taxi service charges a fixed fee of $5 for a ride plus an additional $2.50 per mile traveled. Let m
represent the number of miles traveled in a ride, and t represent the total cost.
NON-PROPORTIONAL

- Equation by Data Table

Y change
= Slope (m)
x y X change
(If proportional)
a b
Y=mx
X change
Y change
c d (If not)
Y - x×m = b Y=mx+b

- Example
1)

x y 2
3-2=1 6-4=2 =2
1
2 4 *CHECKING*
2×2=4
3 6
3×2=6 Proportional Y=2x
2)

x y 2
3-2=1 6-4=2 =2
1
2 5 *CHECKING*
2×2=4 5-4=1 7-6=1
3 7
3×2=6 *NOT ENOUGH* Non Proportional
Y=2x+1

- Real Word
-People often create budgets to manage their finances effectively. They may track their monthly income
and expenses over time and use linear regression analysis to identify trends and predict future spending
patterns.
-Linear relationships can help individuals set and track progress towards savings goals. By estimating
their savings rate (a linear relationship between time and savings), people can determine how long it will
take to reach their financial objectives, such as saving for a vacation, purchasing a home, or retirement
planning.
-Coaches and trainers use linear relationships to monitor athletes' progress in strength training, endurance
exercises, and skill development. They may track metrics such as weight lifted, running speed, or
shooting accuracy over time to identify linear trends and adjust training regimens accordingly.
-Linear regression models are utilized to predict athlete performance based on various factors such as
training intensity, diet, sleep quality, and historical performance data. By establishing linear relationships
between these factors and athletic performance metrics (e.g., sprint time, jump height, scoring efficiency),
coaches can make informed decisions to enhance player performance and prevent injuries.

- Finding Equation on Graph

1)
2)
Linear Relationships Practice

1) Proportional or Non-Proportional?

2) Equation

3) Proportional or Non-Proportional?

4) Equation
5) Proportional or Non-Proportional?

6) Equation

7) Proportional or Non-Proportional?

8) Equation
 9) What is each axis?

10) Proportional or Non-Proportional?

11) Equation

Linear Relationships Practice Answer Key

1) Proportional
2) Y=60x
3) Non-Proportional
4) Y=-2x+3
5) Non-Proportional
6) Y=6x-5
7) Proportional
8) Y=5.5x
9) Y axis = Total Ride Cost X axis = miles rode
10) Non-Proportional
11) Y=1.75x+2.25