Network Models

Week 3
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, the students should be able to:
•Differentiate Protocol Model and a Reference Model
•Define the TCP/IP Model and The OSI Model
•Discuss the function of the Layers of the OSI Model and TCP/IP Model
•Compare the OSI Model with the TCP/IP Model
Protocol and Reference Models
Protocol model
•This provides a model that is closely equivalent to the
structure of a certain protocol.
Reference model
•This provides a common reference for maintaining
consistency within all types of network protocols and
services.
Network Models
Network Models Defined
•A Network Model is a set of network layers and how they
interact.
•The following are the two most important and well-known
network models:
•OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnect)
•TCP/IP Model (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol)
OSI Model
Layers of the OSI Model
Function of the OSI Model Layers
Application Layer (Layer 7)
•Application layer is the topmost layer of the OSI Model. This
layer provides a means for the user to interact with the software
application
Presentation Layer (Layer 6)
•This layer provides proper common data format that is sent
across Application Layer services.
Session Layer (Layer 5)
•This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections
between applications. This layer provides services to the
presentation layer.
Function of the OSI Model Layers
Transport Layer (Layer 4)
•This layer defines services to segment, transfer, and
reassemble data individual communications between the end-
devices.

Network Layer (Layer 3)

•This layer provides services to exchange the individual pieces
of data over the network between identified network devices.
Function of the OSI Model Layers
Data Link Layer (Layer 2)
•This layer provides methods for exchanging data over a
common media.

Physical Layer (Layer 1)

•This layer describes the mechanical, electrical, functional, and
procedural means to activate, maintain, and deactivate physical
connections for bit transmission and to and from a network
device.
TCP/IP Model
•Layers of the TCP/IP Model
Functions of the TCP/IP Model Layers
Function of the TCP/IP Layers
Application Layer (Layer 4)
•This layer represents data to the user plus encoding and dialog control
Transport Layer (Layer 3)
•Supports communication between diverse devices across diverse
networks
Internet Layer (Layer 2)
•Determines the best part through the network
Network Access Layer (Layer 1)
•Controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network
OSI Model vs TCP/IP Model
•OSI Model and TCP/IP Model Comparison
•OSI lost out to TCP/IP as the protocol suite of the Internet.
•The TCIP/IP Model is mapped to the OSI Model.
•TCP/IP is the protocol used today but OSI Model is often used to describe
network communication.
References
Books
•Cisco Networking Academy. Introduction to Networks v6 Companion
Guide. 1st Edition. United States of America: Amazon Digital Services
LLC. 2016
•Tetz, Edward. Cisco Networking All-in-One For Dummies. 1st Edition.
United States of America: For Dummies. 2016
•Troy, McMillan. Cisco Networking Essentials. 2nd Edition. United States of
America:Sybex. 2016
References
Online References
•http://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/OSI_Layers.asp
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model
•http://www.omnisecu.com/tcpip/osi-model.php