We use to be to talk about:

 Who we are: I‘m Steven, and this is Isabella. And this is my daughter, Alicia.
 Age: I‘m 24 years old, and my father is 50.
 Job: I‘m a teacher, and my wife is a doctor.
 Nationality: Alex is from Ireland, and Sonia is from Spain.
 Feelings: I‘m scared. She is very tired.
 Colour: Our dog is black. His eyes are blue.
 Prices: It‘s seven pounds. This T-shirt is twenty dollars.
 The weather: It‘s sunny today. It is very cold this morning.
 The time: What time is it? It‘s ten past four.
 Descriptions in general: He is very short and thin. The cars are old and cheap.

Learn how to use to be and subject pronouns in

English
The most common verb in English is to be. It has three forms in the present tense: am, are, is.
Subject pronouns are words like: I, you, he, she, it, we, they. We use them in place of a noun.
 Subject Pronoun + To Be Contraction

I am I’m

You are You’re

He is He’s

She is She’s

It is It’s

We are We’re

They are They’re

Exercise 1 – Identify subject pronouns.

Select the subject pronouns in the text below and underline them. Remember, subject pronouns are
words like I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
Teacher: Welcome to class! I am Carlos, the teacher.
Student: Hello. I am Maria.
Teacher: Hi, Maria! What is your last name?
Student: It is Alvarez. Maria Alvarez.
Teacher: Alvarez. You are from Spain, right?
Student: Yes, I am.
Teacher: Very good. The other students are from different countries. They are nice.
Student: Good! The class is in this room, right?
Teacher: Yes, it is here. We are a small group of 5 students and 1 teacher.
Student : Excellent! I am ready for class!

Exercise 2 – Use to be contractions in context.

Complete the sentence with the correct contracted form of "to be."
______ German. My home is in Munich.
Anna is from Paris. ______ French.
It is your birthday. ______ three years old.
Those cars are Toyotas. ______ Japanese.
My name is Mr. Roberts. ______ a police officer.
My friends are at my house. ______ very happy because we are together.
I'm late for the meeting at 9 a.m. ______ already 9:30 a.m.

EXERCISES
PART I : Choose the correct present simple forms of ‘to be’ for the gaps below.

1. A: ________ you a teacher? B: Yes, I ________.

2. A: ________ your name Marcus? B: Yes, it ________.
3. A: ________ your children here? B: No, they ________.
 4. A: ________ this your suitcase? B: No, it ________.
5. A: Where ________ we? B: I think this ________ Oxford street.
6. A: ________ it Saturday today? B: No, It ________ Sunday.
7. A: ________ your friends from the UK? B: No, ________ from the US.
8. A: Hello, Maria. How ________ you? B: ________ fine, thanks.
9. A: How old ________ Peter? B: I think ________ 30 years old.
10. A: ________ David and Molly here? B: Yes, ________, next to the door.

PART II : Rewrite these sentences using the negative and interrogative forms of ‘to be’.
Example: They are friends ⇒ They aren’t friends. ⇒ Are they friends?
1. She is a teacher. ⇒ ___________ a teacher. ⇒ ___________ a teacher?
2. They're in Berlin. ⇒ ___________ in Berlin. ⇒ ___________ in Berlin?
3. It's a nice day. ⇒ ___________ a nice day. ⇒ ___________ a nice day?
4. I am very excited. ⇒ ___________ very excited. ⇒ ___________ very excited?
5. We are students. ⇒ ___________ students. ⇒ ___________ students?
6. You are right. ⇒ ___________ right. ⇒ ___________ right?
7. It's 6 o'clock. ⇒ ___________ 6 o'clock. ⇒ ___________ 6 o'clock?
8. The table is blue. ⇒ ___________ blue. ⇒ ___________ blue?
9. He is the new manager. ⇒ ___________ the new manager. ⇒ ___________ the new manager?
10. They are sorry. ⇒ ___________ sorry. ⇒ ___________ sorry?

EXERCISES of PRONUNS
PART I : Replace with s h e , he, it, they
My father
 the tree
Sophie
the stars
a rabbit
Paul
the ants
the sea
my sister
the men

PART II : Write you, he, she, it, we, they.

My mum is young.
She is young. The sun is shining.
_____ is shining.
These men are Spanish.
_____ are playing. You and Sam are very tall.
_____ are tall.
Jack has a moustache.
_____ has a moustache. Our uncle is running.
_____ is running.
My cat is orange.
_____ is orange.

Lucy and I are friends.

_____ are friends.

Those roses are beautiful.

_____ are beautiful.

The nurse is working.

_____ is working.
PART III : Fill in the blanks with "he", "she", "it", "they" or "we"
1. The boy is fat. He is fat.
2. The girl is tall. _______ is tall.
3. My friends and I go to school. _______ go to school.
4. The horse is strong. _______ is strong.
5. Lexy is a policeman. _______ is a policeman.
6. Mary and John come from England. _______ come from England.
7. Daisy is a teacher. _______ is a teacher.
8. My family and I go to Pattaya. _______ go to Pattaya.
9. The dog runs fast. _______ runs fast.
10. The students study English. _______ study English.
11. The man is strong. _______ is strong.
12. The dog is fat. _______ is fat.
13. My mother is kind. _______ is kind.
14. You and I are students. _______ are students..
15. The books are on the desk. _______ are on the desk.
 Possessive Adjectives

We can use possessives to say who things belong to.

I've got a pen. My pen is red.
We've got a car. Our car is fast.
She likes her teachers.

How to use them

To say who things belong to, we use:
I = my
you = your
he = his
she = her
it = its
we = our
they = their
Possessives go before the noun or the adjective.
Did you find your pen?
Her older brother doesn't like football.
My dog is sleeping in its new basket
Replace the personal pronouns with possessive adjectives:

1. Where is (I) _______ book?

2. Here is (we) _______ teacher.
3. She goes to school with (she) _______ brother.
4. (They) _______ father works in a car factory.
5. (You) _______ laptop is very expensive.
6. (He) _______ favorite hobby is tennis.
7. (I) _______ husband and I want to go to Paris.
8. We want to see (it) _______ historical monuments.
9. Leila likes (she) _______ dog!
10. (It) _______ name is Bobby.

Write the right possessive adjective based on the subjects :

1. Two students didn't do ___________ mathematics homework.

2. I have a car. ___________ color is black.
3. We have a dog. ___________ name is Pancho.
4. Nancy is from England. ___________ husband is from Australia.
5. Ann and Nadia go to a high school. ___________ little brother goes to a primary school.
6. Alan has a van. ___________ van is very old.
7. We go to a high school. ___________ high school is fantastic.
8. I like singing. ___________ mother sings with me.
9. François and Alain are French. ___________ family is from France.
10. Mary likes ___________ grandmother. She often visits her.

Fill in the gaps with the correct possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.

1. Sally is in her room.

2. Paul and Benet always help _________ friends.
3. We live with _________ parents.
4. Is that _________ hat?
5. The police officers don't have _________ guns.
6. The best part of this car is _________ price.
7. Amanda lives with _________ sister.
8. I don't like _________ new job.
9. These shoes are famous for _________ comfort.
10. Thomas is in _________ office.