Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
Developed in 1936 by AATCC Commit- dures and are not intended to be all inclu- 6.2.1 A poor circular image with un- tee RA38; revised 1937, 1952, 1957, sive. It is the user’s responsibility to use even dye pick-up may indicate the crock- 1961, 1969, 1972, 1985, 1988, 1996, safe and proper techniques in handling ing finger needs resurfacing (see 13.6). 2004, 2005; reaffirmed 1945; 1989; edi- materials in this test method. Manufac- 6.2.2 A double, elongated image may torially revised and reaffirmed 1968, turers MUST be consulted for specific indicate a loose clip (see 13.6). 1974, 1977, 1981, 1995, 2001; editori- details such as material safety data sheets 6.2.3 A stretched and streaked crock ally revised 1986, 2002. Partly equiva- and other manufacturer’s recommenda- image may be due to mounting the crock lent to ISO 105-X12. tions. All OSHA standards and rules square diagonally. must also be consulted and followed. 6.2.4 Scuff marks to the sides of the 4.1 Good laboratory practices should specimen indicate the loops to the wire 1. Purpose and Scope be followed. Wear safety glasses in all clips are positioned downwards and are laboratory areas. not high enough to prevent rubbing the 1.1 This test method is designed to de- specimen surface. termine the amount of color transferred 6.2.5 A streak in the center of the crock 5. Apparatus and Materials from the surface of colored textile materi- cloth image and in the direction of rub- als to other surfaces by rubbing. It is ap- 5.1 AATCC Crockmeter (see 13.2, bing may mean the top of the metal base plicable to textiles made from all fibers in 13.3 and Fig. 1). is warped and not flat. This will require a the form of yarn or fabric whether dyed, 5.2 Test Cloth, cut in 50 mm squares brace insert to square up the tester base. printed or otherwise colored. It is not rec- (see 13.4). 6.2.6 If specimen holders are used, ommended for use for carpets or for 5.3 AATCC Chromatic Transference place the holder over the specimen on the prints where the singling out of areas may Scale (see 13.5). tester base. Move the crocking finger on be too small using this method. 5.4 Gray Scale for Staining (see 13.5). the crocking arm to the most forward po- 1.2 Test procedures employing white 5.5 White AATCC Textile Blotting sition and observe whether it hits the in- test cloth squares, both dry and wet with Paper (see 13.5). side edge of the holder. If this occurs, water, are given. move the holder slightly forward for all 5.6 Specimen Holder for Crockmeter 1.3 As washing, drycleaning, shrink- (see 13.3). tests. Without correction, this problem age, ironing, finishing, etc., may affect will cause a dark area on one side of the the degree of color transfer from a mate- crocking image. rial, the test may be made before, after, or 6. Verification 6.2.7 Confirm the wet pick-up tech- before and after any such treatment. niques (see 9.2). 6.1 Verification checks on the opera- tion of the test and the apparatus should 6.2.8 Replace the abrasive paper on the 2. Principle tester base if it is smooth to the touch in be made routinely and the results kept in a log. The following observations and the crocking area compared to the adja- 2.1 A colored test specimen is rubbed corrective actions are extremely impor- cent area, or if slippage of the specimen with white crock test cloth under con- tant to avoid incorrect test results where is noticed (see 13.7). trolled conditions. 2.2 Color transferred to the white test abnormal crock images can result and in- 6.2.9 In routine testing, observe if mul- cloth is assessed by a comparison with fluence the rating process. tiple streaks are on the crocking image. the Gray Scale for Staining or the Chro- 6.2 Use an in-house poor crocking fab- Position specimen normally with the long matic Transference Scale and a grade is ric as a calibration specimen and conduct dimension oblique to the warp and fill- assigned. three dry crock tests. ing. If the direction of rubbing falls along a twill line or surface pattern, etc., then streaks may occur. If they do occur, 3. Terminology slightly adjust the angle for testing. 3.1 colorfastness, n.—the resistance of a material to change in any of its color 7. Test Specimens characteristics, to transfer of its color- ant(s) to adjacent materials, or both, as a 7.1 Two specimens are used, one each result of the exposure of the material to for the dry and the wet tests. any environment that might be encoun- 7.1.1 Additional specimens may be tered during the processing, testing, stor- used to increase the precision of the aver- age or use of the material. age (see 12.1). 3.2 crocking, n.—a transfer of color- 7.2 Cut specimens at least 50 × 130 mm ant from the surface of a colored yarn or (2.0 × 5.1 in.) and position for testing pref- fabric to another surface or to an adjacent erably with the long dimension oblique to area of the same fabric principally by warp and filling or wales and courses. rubbing. 7.2.1 Larger or full width lab samples may be used without cutting individual 4. Safety Precautions specimens, when multiple tests are needed and when using for production NOTE: These safety precautions are testing. for information purposes only. The pre- 7.3 Yarns. Knit a piece of fabric at least cautions are ancillary to the testing proce- Fig. 1—Crockmeter. 50 × 130 mm, or wind yarn tightly on a