Mysteries
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Read the words and put a check mark (/) by the ones you know.
lesson | lesson? | tesson3 [Lesson Lessons
associate debunk symptom wary: struggle |
connection |[-]eontrary || Jempathy frightening _[[_leprove
| chaotic evidence analyze hesitation day-to-day
balet —_|/ I hypothesis | [insight uncertainty ||_]eonvinced
jump to |[_leover transformation] tomb impose
[reinforce myth fully-fledged ‘the unknown arthritis |
instance |[_|stem from ||] toneliness devour ||] misconception|
outcome [|_| vacant frustration _ ||] resentment
Answer the questions.
1. Circle the correct transition word in the sentence.
Jerry isn't sure he should believe the stories Jim tells him, ( but/ since) they are
very convincing,
2. Complete the following sentence,
| spend a lot of time with animals so that
3. Underline the transition word in the sentence.
| will explain the mystery after you pay the fee.
4, Write metaphor or simile after the sentence.
The ocean is a black hole, holding mysteries we shall never uncover.
Write about a mystery that you want to know the truth about.
‘Scan the OR code to watch a preview video,Talk about the questions as a class. ’
4. What are some superstitions that you are familiar with? |
2. Do you believe in any superstitions?
3, What makes a belief a superstition?
“The superstition of seveniyearsionbad
‘Wek for breaking a mirror comes from
Roman times. One solution isto throw
‘pinch of salt over your shoulder.
4. Read the journal article. XZ
Paragraph 1
People use patterns to make sense of our chaotic world. Our brains have developed to quickly
Fecognize patterns and will often jump to conclusions about the relationships between
patterns and events. Sometimes, these conclusions have validity, and they help us respond
quickly to events, Occasionally, however, the brain will form a causal relation:
between patterns and events that are not related. If a person associates unrelated
conditions with specific outcomes, a superstition may develop.
Paragraph 2
For example, ifa baseball player wears a certain pair of socks and has a good game, that player may make 2
conscious choice to wear that pair of socks again. If he has a few good games while wearing those socks, this
will reinforce the player's association of good performance with that pair of socks. Over time, the player may
Start to think that wearing the pair of socks brings good luck. This s actually common among baseball players,
some of whom may even refuse to wash their “lucky” socks!
Paragraph 3
Negative superstitions can be reinforced in a similar way. One common superstition is that if @ person breaks
‘a mirror, he or she will have seven years of bad luck. Although breaking a mirror doesn’t truly influence a
person's luck, instances of bad luck may stand out after a mirror has been broken. A person who has recently
broken a mirror might begin to associate any instance of bad luck with the broken mirror. This association
reinforces belief in the superstition.
Paragraph 4
Letting go of a superstition can be difficult. The connections formed by the human mind can be powerful, and
if beliefs have been held for a long time, they can be especially difficult to change. Changing a belief begins
with breaking the mental habits that support it. ft helps to focus on times when a good outcome occurred
‘without connection to the superstition. For example, if a baseball player performs well without his lucky socks,
his beliet in the lucky socks might start to fade. If someone who breaks a mirror identifies lucky events that
happen later, his or her belief in @ curse will diminish. When people challenge a superstition by looking for
events that contradict them, they can break free from the superst
2. Discuss the questions.
1, How do people develop superstitions?
2. Have you heard of a sports player following a superstition? What superstitions might a sports player
believe in?
3. Many people want to stop believing in their superstitions. Do you think that this is important?
3. Choose the best title for each paragraph.
A superstitious Brain Scary Superstitions
Breaking a Superstition Superstitions for Success
pews4 Choose the four statements below that are true according to the information in the reading,
1. [_] Patterns help people make sense of a chaotic world.
2. [_] Pattern association can allow people to respond quickly to events,
3. |_| The human brain never forms a causal relationship between patterns and events that are unrelated.
4. [_] tha person has a few good games wearing the same pair of socks, that person may assocate success
with that par of socks,
5. [_] Negative superstitions form ina different way from positive superstitions
6. [_] tf person breaks a mirror, it leads to seven years of bad luck
7. [_] tbelies have been held for long periods of time, they can be especialy ctficul to change.
8. [_] Once a superstition takes hold, a person can never stop believing init
1 Use the pictures as a guide to choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
ees 1. Her behavior showed the
of her punishment.
2. He has a(n) —_ __ in monsters.
3. My grandfather has a(n)__________ collection of items in his
garage.
4. Beth knows that it’s best not to_______ about the future just,
because she made one brilliant prediction.
aver! "
ue
‘ 5. After today, she will aways________the Eiffel Tower with her
marriage proposal.
2 Match the words with the correct definitions.
1. outcome + + a. tomake an idea or belief stronger
2. connection + +b. the result of a series of events
3. reinforce + + an example of a particular event
4. instance + + d. showing a relationship in which one thing brings about another
5. causal +e. a link between two things
Which superstition do you believe in?
Work with a partner to research some common superstitions.
‘Then create a mock interview. Pretend one partner believes in aRead the blog entry from a popular internet forum. Underline the subordinating
2. Use the pictures below as prom
Dear Readers,
.. The newspaper is not likely to ___—
Even when there is overwhelming evidence to the —————
conjunctions and
____ something without credible sources.
| eee pest have debunked the Fat Earth theory and the ehemtrall conspiracy, 5
but both pale in comparison to what | am going to talk about today. There is an
idea circulating on the internet that the moon is not what it seems. Conspiracy :
theorists claim that, contrary to popular belief, the moon is empty /
| There is absolutely no evidence to support the Hollow Moon hypothesis, but this has not convinced
| _ the conspiracy theorists. Hollow Moone, ‘as they are called, believe that the moon is a giant spaceship.
Wir weked to back up thei claims, they often point tothe size and shape ofthe moon's «raver Those
| ‘Rfuting the Hollow Moon theory presume that this misinterpretation is due vo percePtiin ‘We are far
sway from the moon, and thus the craters seem small, Hollow Mooners aso think that the news won't
aay rom the moan, an one doct wart he th to get ou, acuity of couse the |
over yron' broadcast information about the moon being empty because its simply not te. \j
| news Wont road eres beeved totem fram the equal ciclo Hollow Earth theonk | |
| which states that the inside ofthe earth s vacant Unite the theory itself, its origins have a plausible | |
‘explanation. There are many myths and legends that could have led to the misconception. For example,
| the Hollow Earth theory is often believed to have originated from the Greek myth of Hades, god ofthe =| t
| underworld the stories, he actualy lives within the planet ‘
reaper revders, never believe anything you read on the internet, unless you check 10 se ifts
based on facts! Err Cena
aa
“The ehemiral Conspiracy is popular on the internet, [A
|e, Tre me that the visible gas tral behind planes is || an understanding
otually made of chemicals that harm people, ff something th
based on incomec
+ Fill in the blanks with the correct bold words from the reading. information orn
4. To prove his James did an experiment with paper, water and ing, A
2. The spaceship was —— because the astronauts were out exploring Mars.
3. He made some exaggerated that nobody could believe.
44. The results of the studies _____— her theory.
5. Your fear of dogs may from childhood trauma.
6. Folklore and ~ are how ancient people explained the world around them.
+ \unicsome.___theoies sound plausible, most are fictional Al
8
9.
__, conspiracy theorists hold tightly
to their beliefs,
pts to write sentences that include the words from the box.Social Media Conspiracy Theories
Have you ever seen a post on social media about a conspiracy theory? What did it claim? What are some
ways that you can distinguish credible sources from unreliable sources online? Discuss with a partner.
Subordinating conjunctions and transitions
Transition words are used to connect ideas. Some transition words are subordinating conjunctions, which link an
independent (main) clause with a dependent (subordinating) clause. Other transition words are adverbs and adverbial
phrases, Transition words help the flow of one idea to the next and can give information about time, cause and effect
relationships, addition, contrast, or conditions. |
cause and effect
oe Tathough after Ta env i
forexample ireantest re eetce sean
reenter Comey sees aac vies
Mews wnt iter er
ey whereas tn fs
sultetaly wie when ‘nomnest
eee
ion, contrast, time, cause and effect,
Underline the transition word and write the type of transition (ad
or condition).
1. Ill take out the trash after my neighbors finish watering their grass. —__
. When | bent over the campfire, | burned the ends of my hair.
. Furthermore, the two characters were obviously destined to fall in love.
Spot, my dog, went to the vet because he had fleas, eS
Everyone will be sorry if| turn out to be right.
1 start writing my report, although I don't think | have all the information Ineed
Grace was very shy until she was a teenager.
Asa result of your going out every night this week, you will have to study all weekend,
Debate a Conspiracy Theory
Briefly research a conspiracy theory on the internet. Make a list of evidence for and against the
cy theory. With a partner, debate the validity of the conspiracy theories you chose. Choose
to defend or refute the plausibility of each theory.
Evidence for and against the ________ conspiracy theory:
For Againstns do animals feel? How do you know? Fill out the chart below.
Job:
Motivation:
How she helps animals:
Feelings toward jl
Speaker 2: Scarlett
Job:
iMdiictions ee eer
How she helps animals:
Ist ie Lahteck ote side abate pestis in jie bi orn Se No a
Feelings toward job:
Speaker 3: Eve |
Sepa tone
Motivation:
How she helps animals:
Feelings toward job: |
2. Match the statements to the correct speakers. wl
I can feel their loneliness, —
It fits great into my schedule as a university student. —_
| can't always tell what they are feeling, but | can use medical tools to analyze their symptoms.
{like my job, but sometimes it's difficult for me to see so much suffering.
I give them attention, and then they fee! less lonely.
| wouldn't trade my job for any other in the world,3 Listen again and complete the sentences. E25
41. Being an animal empath ______into their ___ needs.
2, It's amazing to___in a neglected pet; to feel them —_ aoe
to live and to appreciate life again.
3. luse my training to__________andto
4. In between classes, | can __and take care of their animals.
5. Sometimes ___________ and i get to
Write the words next to the correct definitions.
tthe state of feeling alone or being lonely
a change in the body or mind which shows that a disease is present
(the ability to have) a clear and deep understanding of a difficult problem or situation
to not take care of someone or something
to make or become well again
to figure out how something works
‘a complete change in the appearance or character of something or someone
1 feeling of being stuck and unable to do what you want
the ability to feel what others are feeling
completely developed or trained
Clauses of purpose and result
Eee
Indicate the purpose of the action in an independent clause,
Result clauses state the result of the action in an independent clause. A comma is used before the result clause so.
Purpose Result
| :0 that, in order to 0
| work with animals so that | can ease their distress. ‘Our drugs are designed for specific animals, so each creature
gets exactly what it needs.
Identify each underlined clause as purpose or result.
41. Tammy bought another bird so that her cockatie! wouldn't be lonely.
2. Bill has always lived with lots of pets, so he's comfortable around all kinds of animals.
3. The farmer held the horse gently, in order to calm it after the storm.
4, Tristan moved his family to the countryside so that they would be closer to nature,
What Animals Feel Poster
als feel? Do they feel the same things that we do? Create a poster.
How can we tell what ani
1. Research the topic of “animal emotions” using the internet. Using your
notes from activity A, investigate what people believe that various
‘animals feel. Take notes and prepare a poster to present your findings,
2. Ensure that you cite your sources on your poster. Include images and
make sure that you draw clear connections between each animal and
‘what it can feel. Include scientific data where possible,Talk about the questions as a class.
4. Do you believe in ghosts and life after death? Why or why not?
2, Have you ever encountered a ghost? B
When camping, nto sit around
the campfire at night and tel scary stories.
4. Read the ghost story that a camper is sharing with her friends around the campfire. XE
‘The Ghosts of the Holding Tomb
‘You might feel safe in our camp, but you should be wary. A long time ago, there used to be small towns in
WOhate northern woods like these. But those towns are dead, and the people are long gone, The winters
Seid nights were too long, and those who didn't leave starved or froze to death. On one of the last houses,
ant tos far from here, someone had scratched on the wall, “The winter is a hungry wolf waiting for you to
stumble.”
Like most little towns, this one had a church with a graveyard. It was so cold through most of the year that.
the ground was as hard a stone fo0 hard to dig graves for the dead. So, the townspeople kept the dead in
Sirabove-ground building called the Holding Tomb. There they would stay until they could be buried in the
spring thaw.
Spring was a far-off dream through every winter, but in the year of 1863, the townspeople never got to see
Pee ee A crow flew into the priest’s bedroom, frightening him, He interpreted the crow as a bad omen
bf terrible blizzard to come. Overcome with fear, he begged the townspeople to leave. They had some.
Rositetion at first, fearing the unknown and the fate that awaited them if they left their homes. Some of the
more reasonable ones argued that the priest did not have any evidence to justify his fears. In the end, fear
lon over uncertainty and they decided to flee, but they didn’t get far through the harsh mountains. They
Were devoured by wolves before they made it to the shelter of the valley. It is unknown whether anyone
iiivived the attack, but say that it’s better to be eaten quickly than to starve and freeze, lost and alone.
When spring finally came, only the dead of the Holding Tomb remained... and there was no one left to bury
Thon Ihe dead grew restless, argued with each other, and became bitter and full of resentment that the
seem had been spandoned before they had received their last rites. Their vengeful spirits escaped through
the cracks of the Holding Tomb, chilling the spring air.
The ghosts of the Holding Tomb still haunt the forest at night, favoring places so dark that even moonlight
‘and darlight cannot reach them, Places that are as dark as the tomb they escaped.
But they often gather around campfires like ours, watching us. They are invisible and lighter than snow, but
feavy i a different way; they are hunger, they ate fear, they are the cold your body feels when you realize
tat you and everyone you know will someday be dead and forgotten. Perhaps all the ghosts want is to be
Warm and less alone, but they will never be. So, they will always return.
2 Talk about the questions after you read. ‘The last ft refer toa
Tigeenemewony tat
1 ivtes ts winter compared tin this ston? What does this comparzon evoke? Gerla by apt or
2. Why ais the tonmspeople leave the town? sd Mees
3. Why did the bodies in the Holding Tomb become ghosts?
3 Ghost stories are told to scare readers or listeners. “The Ghosts of the Holding Tomb” evokes many comm
fears. Match the sentences and phrases from the story to a particular fear. Some answers may have more
than one match.
1. fear of the natural world « + a. “Only the dead of the Holding Tomb remained... and
there was no one left to bury them.”
2. fear of ghosts . + b. "They are hunger, they are fear, they are the cold your
body feels when you realize that you and everyone you,
Know will someday be dead and forgotten.”
3. fear of abandonment — + +c. "Their vengeful spirits escaped through the cracks of
the Holding Tomb, chilling the spring air.”
4, fear of death . +d. "The ghosts ofthe Holding Tomb haunt the forest at Bf
night, favoring places so dark that even moonlight and
starlight cannot reach them."
5, fear of being watched + +e. “They often gather around campfires like ours,
watching us.”Haunted Places
Have you ever been somewhere that was said to be haunted by ghosts? Did you witness things that do
not have reasonable explanations? If you don’t have your own “ghost story,” have you read accounts in
the news? As you think about these incidents, identify why they remain mysteries. Share your accounts
and explanations with a partner.
‘1 Write the words from the box under the correct pictures.
3 4
2. Write the bold words from the reading next to the correct definitions.
something that is thought to be a sign or warning for what will happen in the future —_
. anger at being treated unfairly
1
2
3, being unsure and slow to take action:
4, a state of not being sure
5. something that you do not know about or understand
6. concerned about possible dangers or problems
Figurative speech
Figurative speech is language that expresses ideas beyond its literal interpretation, Figurative speech is used to express
emotions and humor, or to describe something in a way that evokes a certain mood oF tone, rather than to provide an
‘accurate physical description. Commonly found in poetry fiction, and personal essays, figurative speech includes a wide
range of devices, including simile, metaphor, and personification,
aaa ep OE TE
Something is compared to something, | Something is said to actually be Human qualities, ideas, or motives are
else with the words ike or as. something else for a stronger image. | given to an animal or inanimate object.
‘The sun said farewell to the day as
darkness wrapped its arms around the
waterfall as she sang the solo, for you to stumble. bey)
Her voice was like a gently falling The winter is a hungry wolf waiting
Read and underline the examples of figurative speech. Write the type of figurative speech in the blanks.
1. Meredith peeked over the edge of the cliff and turned as pale as a ghost.
2. The wind ran its fingers through my hair. — a
3. When the bully shouted my name, my heart leaped and trembled, landing as a lump in my throat.
4, When my professor argues a point about his favorite subject, he moves like a moth under a light,
bouncing off ideas, statistics, and the occasional desk,
Ghost Stories
Work with a partner. Write a ahost storv usina some of the vacahularv wards. Pracent the