GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY Baby Boom

Demography - It is used to identify a massive increase in

- It represents the study of statistics such as births following World War II.
births, deaths, income, or the incidence of Baby boomers
disease which illustrate the changing - These are the people who are born
structure of human populations and thus worldwide between 1946 and 1964.
poses an effect on globalization on a holistic 1946 and 1964
level. - The time frame that is most commonly
- It pertains to the composition of a used to define baby boomers.
particular human population Age of 65
- It could be argued that over the course of - The age standard retirement of the first
man's history, demographic patterns were baby boomers in 2011
reasonably stable, human populations grew The rapid increase in the global
slowly, and the age structures, birth rates population
and death rates of population change only - It has resulted in large numbers of people
gradually. of childbearing age.
Epidemics and pandemics Population change
- It had a huge effects on populations but - It have a potentially huge implications for
these were short-lived and had little bearing the pace and progress of economic
on long term trends leading to the present development
day. Increasing proportion of elderly
Trend of long-term stability - This may act as a drag on economic
- It has given way to the biggest growth where smaller working populations
demographic upheaval in history, an must provide for a larger number of non-
upheaval that is still running its course and working dependents.
may continue to affect demographic patterns Nation states economy
in the long run. - It must prove to have a solid working
A sharp post-war rise in fertility median age to sustain its growth
- It was followed by an equally sharp fall. Rising life expectancy
- It can also bolster n economy by creating a
greater incentive to save and to invest in
education, thereby boosting the financial Population growth
capital on which investors draw an the - It is also affected by emigration and
human capital that strengthens economies immigration.
NOTE: The gradual rise in the crude death rate
When a country has experienced a baby - In developing countries, It is a result from
boom followed by a decline in fertility, the the combination of relatively steady infant
relative size of the workforce is increased. and child mortality rates and rising death
rates due to an ageing population.
7.2 Billion Fertility rate
- The current world population - It measures the average number of children
1 Billion per woman.
- The amount of increased for over the next 2.5 children per woman today
12 years - The global average fertility rate
9.6 Billion OECD
- The number that will be reached by 2050. - The one that opined that the total fertility
The disparity in population growth rate in a specific year is defined as the total
between developed and developing number of children that would be born to
countries each woman if she were live to the end of
- It reflects the existence of considerable her child-bearing.
heterogeneity in death and migration Fertility
processes, both over time and across - It is an element of population growth,
national population races and ethnic groups. reflecting both the causes and effects of
Crude birth and death rates economic and social developments
- One of the simplest ways to consider
population growth in the analysis of GLOBAL LIFE EXPECTANCY
demographic trends. 72.0 years old
Rate of population growth - This is the average life expectancy at birth
- The difference between the crude birth and of the global population as reported by the
death rates. World Health Organization
The age dependency ratio
- It is the ratio of dependents (people
younger than 15 or older than 64) to the
working age population
DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE AND ITS
ECONOMIC IMPACT
Demographic change
- It is consequential with respect to
economic and social development
The economic consequences of population
growth
- It is the long been subject to debate
- It is the impact on the economy in general
and globalization in particular
Population growth
- It was first believed that this would lead to
the exhaustion of resources in 1798.
Thomas Malthus
- The first of the "population pessimists"
argued that the world's resources would be
unable to keep pace with population growth.
Food production
- It would expand more slowly than
populations, and many would lose out in the
competition for food.
Optimist thinkers
- It all argues that population increase can
led to better opportunities to economic
growth and mobility.
Green Evolution
- It is the high-yield crops dramatically
increase food production in much of the
developing world, occurred in part as a
response to population growth.
Optimists
- It did not believe population growth would
automatically lead to economic advances,
they saw that favorable policies could help
translate increases in population into greater
wealth.
Population neutralism
- It became the predominant school of
thoughts in the 1980's and 1990's
- It was based on empirical research
showing little correlation between growth
rate of income per capita and the rate of
population growth
- It is giving way to a more fine-grained
view of the effects of population dynamics
in which demographic change does affect
the economic development.
Bloom and Freeman and Kelly
- Those people that took the optimist
observation that the consequences of
population growth dependent largely on the
policy environment a step further
Openness to trade, educational
attainment and the quality of institutions
- It determine whether economic progress
can keep pace with population expansion
The advocates of the controversial
Reproductive Health Law
- It argues that if the population of the
country could be checked using policy
measures such as the RH Law, then progress
and development can be easier attained.
Demographic transition
- It helps to shape countries; comparative
advantage.
Improved education level
- It can boost the competitiveness of people
in the global job market.