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Fiajdukav, L Ukdlrkh Iy Udkj Iïm A L Ukdlrkh (KHDHD Aul Úu Ykhla
Fiajdukav, L Ukdlrkh Iy Udkj Iïm A L Ukdlrkh (KHDHD Aul Úu Ykhla
Fiajdukav, L Ukdlrkh Iy Udkj Iïm A L Ukdlrkh (KHDHD Aul Úu Ykhla
[01]
fiajduKav, l<ukdlrKh iy udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh(
kHdhd;aul úu¾Ykhla
fyauka; fldaÜgj;a;
1' ye`Èkaùu
ixúOdk l<ukdlrKfha§;a iudc l<ukdlrKfha§;a wNsfhda.d;aul ld¾hh
jkqfha ksYÑ a ;mrud¾: bgqlr .ekSug udkj n,h l<ukdlrKh lsÍu fõ'
ixúOdkhl meje;au ;SrKh lsÍug;a ;r.ldÍ jdis w;am;a lr .ekSug;a
udkj iïm; yd tys Wmfhdackh fnfyúka bjy,ajkq ,nk ksid j¾;udkfha
§ udkj iïm; ms<sn|j;a udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh ms<sn|j;a we;s Wkkaÿj
iS.%fhka jeä fjñka mj;S'
l¾udka;Yd,dj wi,skau ksjdi ;kd§u isÿl< w;r ,ud Y%uh bj;a lsÍu o
isÿlrkq ,eîh' fiajlhka i|yd fi!LH iïmkak ys;ldó mßir ;;a;ajhla
iemhSu isÿlrkq ,enQ w;r[06] ta ksidu Owen fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKfha
wdrïNlhd f,i ye`Èkaúh yelsfõ[07]'
j¾I 1900 isg 1920 olajd ld,h ld¾hCIu iy m<odhS;d jHdmdr hq.h f,ig
kïlr we;s w;r th úoHd;aul l<ukdlrK ixl,amh Ndú; lrkq ,enQ hq.h
fõ[08]' fuu hq.fha jeä odhl;ajhla ,ndfokq ,enqfõ FW Taylor úisks' fÜ,¾
úiska y÷kajd ÿka úoHd;aul l<ukdlrK ixl,amh ;=<ska fiajl p¾hd
mqfrdal;kh isÿl< w;r mqyqKqj yd ixj¾Okfha jeo.;alu y÷kajd fokq
,enqfõ Tyq úisks[09]' Bg wu;rj fiajl m%;s,dN i|yd tall u; jegqma f.ùu
fhdackd l< fÜ,¾ úfYaIs; /lshdjkag úfYAIs; oCI;d wjYHjk nj;a
fiajlhka wjYH m%ñ;sfhka ksIamdokh isÿl< hq;= nj;a olajkq ,eîh[10]'
1920 isg 1930 olajd jQ oilh ;=< iqNidOkuh iy ld¾ñl ufkda úoHdj
ms<sn| wjOdkhla fhduqjQ hq.hlajk w;r fï olajd fiajd uKav,
l<ukdlrKh ks¾jpkhg muKla iSud jQ lafIa;%hla jkq ,eìh[11]' úoHd;aul
l<ukdlrKhg tÈßj ld¾ñl ufkdaúoHdj y÷kajd§u isÿjQ fuu hq.fha
ufkdaúoHd;aul mÍCIK" iïuqL mÍCIK" fiajlhka mqyqKq lsÍu" uQ,H fkdjk
Èß §ukd wd§ kj Wml%u ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduqùu;a y÷kajd§u;a isÿjkq
,eìK[12]' fuu l%shdldrlï Tiafia fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh i|yd jD;a;Sh
uÜgula ,nd ÿka w;r ta ksid fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh jD;a;shla f,ig
m%;HCIùu wdrïN ùu;a ixúOdk ;=< úfYaI{hkaf.a Ys%;hla njg m;aùu;a
isÿjkq ,eîh[13]'
1930 isg 1950 olajd jQ ld,h udkj iïnkaO;d hq.h f,ig y÷kajkq ,nk
w;r t,agka udfhda iy Tyqf.a iydhlhka úiska isÿl< fydaf;daka wOHhkh
fuys§ jeo.;a odhl;ajhla ,nd ÿks[14]' ksIamdokh i|yd úYd, n,mEula
we;slrkqfha fN!;sl iïm;aj,g jvd udkj iïm;a nj wkdjrKh lrkq
,eîh' fiajlhkag udkjhl= f,ig ie,lSu isÿl< hq;= nj;a fiajlhkaf.a
iudc" ufkdaúoHd;aul iy iodpdrd;aul iycnqoaêh l<ukdlrejka úiska
iïmQ¾Kfhkau ms<s.; hq;= nj;a olajkq ,eîh[15]' f;dard.ekSu" mqyqKqj yd
wkqia:dmkh wdÈfhys kj Ys,aml%u 1940 isg 1950 olajd ld,h ;=< y÷kajd§ula
isÿl< w;r fiajl msßi ms<sn| o¾Ykh "ñksiqka mokï" o¾Ykhlska hqla;
úh' jD;a;Sh iñ;s by< uÜgfuka jecfUk wdldrfhka l%shd;auljQ w;r
fiajlhkag Fringe m%;s,dN iemhSu fmdÿ lreKla njg m;ajkq ,eîh[16]'
1950 isg udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK ixl,amh olajd jQ ld,fha fiajd uKav,
l<ukdlrKfhys kj;u j.lSula f,ig ld¾ñl m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| woyia
cks;jkq ,eîh' fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh fndfydaúg iajdêk lafIa;%hla
f,ig l%shd;auljQ w;r 1960 miq hq.fha § fiajl Wmfhdackh i|yd p¾hd
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 3
ISSN: 2012-7235
fuu m%fõYh hgf;a § rcfha ueÈy;aùu wjuùu iy Y%u kS;s wju uÜgul
mej;Su ksid Y%uh iQrdlEu ±lsh yelsúh' ksYamdok hka;%j, ±;a; ^frdaofhys
±;a;& f,ig l¾udka; whs;slrejka fiajlhkaj fhdod.kq ,enQ w;r th
Y%ufha hdka;%sl Y%u ixl,amhg (Machinery Labour Concept of Labour) fhduqùula
úh[21]' fiajdfhdaclhkaf.a o¾Ykh jQfha fiajlhka wmqoa.,$ mqoa.,fhl=g
iïnkaO ke; hk wdl,amh fõ' fï ksid idudkHfhka fiajlhka ish uki
fjfyijkq ,enQfõ l¾udk;aYd,dfõ ksIamdokhg fkdj ish wdrCIdj foig
h[22]' fuu m%fõYh 19 jk Y;j¾Ih olajdu mej;s w;r jeä jev" wvq mä"
wfhda.H jev mßirh ;;a;ajh iy Y%u iQrdlEu ±lsh yels ,CIK úh' mka;s
igk iy fiajl whs;sjdislï wdrCId lsÍug jD;a;Sh iñ;s we;sùu fuu hq.fha
±lsh yels ,CIKhla fõ[23]'
wdrCIl m%fõYh fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh úu¾Ykh i|yd Ndú; l< yels
;j;a tla m%fõYhls' m<uq f,dal hqoaOfhka miq fiajdfhdaclhka úiska
wkdjrKh lr.;a lreKla jQfha fiajl M,odhS;dj i|yd Rcqju fiajl
iqNidOkh n,mdkq ,nk njhs[24]' wdrCIl uekqï$ñkqï" Èjd fNdack i|yd
ldur" úfõl ldur" i.rd$mqj;am;a wdÈh iys; fïi" id;a;= fiaúldjka
meñKsu wd§ iqNidOk myiqlï iemhSu isÿlrk ,§' fiajdfhdaclhkaf.a
rdcldßhla f,ig ksjdi iemhSu" Y%u iqNidOk ñkqï" úfkdaod;aul iy
ffjoH myiqlï iemhSu rdcldßhla f,ig i<lKq ,eîh[25]' úfYAIfhkau
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 4
ISSN: 2012-7235
Robert Owen fuu woyig uq,ajQ m%n,hl= fõ[26]' Y%u iqNidOk ixl,amh È.=
ld,hla fkdmej;=k ixl,amhla fõ' úfYAIfhkau fiajlhkaf.a RKd;aul
m%;spdr fuu hq.fha ±lsh yelsúh' fiajlhka úiska ;¾llrkq ,enqfõ
iqNidOkh i|yd orKq ,nk úhou ish jegqmg tlalrk f,ig iy ;udf.a
iqNidOk ld¾hhka ;uka úiska ord.; yelsh hk woyi fõ[27]'
Armstrong[72]
úiska fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh iy udkj iïm;a
l<ukdlrKh w;r we;s iudklï iy wiudklï my; mßÈ olajd we;'
iudklï
1. fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrK Wml%u iy udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK
Wml%u jHdmdßl Wml%uj,ska .,dtau isÿfõ'
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 8
ISSN: 2012-7235
fjkialï
1. udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh jeäjYfhka Wml%u .e,mSu iy
ixl,s;;djhg fhduq fõ'
2. udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh jHdmdßl iy l<ukdlrKh mokï jQ
o¾Ykhlska hqla;fõ'
3. ixialD;sh l<ukdlrKh iy lemùu ,`.dùu udkj iïm;a
l<ukdlrKfha § jvd;a jeo.;a f,i i,lkq ,nhs'
4. udkj iïm;a m%;sm;a;s ia:dms; lrkafkl= f,ig f¾Åh
l<ukdlrefjl=f.a N+ñldj jeä jeo.;alula udkj iïm;a
l<udklrKfha § ,ndfokq we;'
5. udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh u.ska iuia; jHdmdrhgu Wkkaÿjla we;s
iuia; m%fõYhla i,ld n,kq ,nhs'
6. udkj iïm;a úfYAI{hka msßialrK mßmd,lfhl=g jvd jHdmdßl
fldgialrefjl=f.a N+ñldjla wfmaCIdlrkq ,nhs'
7. udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKfha § fiajlhka msßjehla f,i fkdj
j;alula f,i i<lkq ,efí'
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 9
ISSN: 2012-7235
ie,iqïlsÍfï ±lau(
Beer iy Spector[78] olajk mßÈ fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKhúfYAIs; .eg¨j,g
m%;sl%shd olajñka ueÈy;aùu isÿjk úg udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh mQ¾j
l%shdjla f,ig .eg¨j,g ueÈy;a fõ' Guest[79] úia;r lrkqfha fiajd uKav,
l<ukdlrKh fláld,Sk" m%;sl%shdldÍ" wdjiaÓl iy wdka;sljk w;r udkj
iïm;a l<ukdlrKh Wml%ñl iy ixl,s; jk njhs' Storey[80] úia;r lrkq
,nkqfha fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh ixia:d ie,iqug wdka;sljk w;r
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh ixl,s; wdrïNlsÍula iy ixia:d ie,iqug
uOH.;ùula mj;sk njhs'
6' ks.ukh
fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh iy udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh w;r we;s
iudklï fyda wiudklï úúOdldrfhka yqjd ±laùu isÿlr we;s whqre idys;H
úu¾Ykfha § ±lsh yelsh' flfiafj;;a ta ta ±lafuys kshef,k úoaj;=ka úiska
fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrKh iy udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh w;r we;s
iudklï iy wiudklï ms<sn| Tjqkaf.a ;d¾lsl lreKq bÈßm;a lsÍu isÿlrkq
±lsh yelsh'
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh yqfola tljr ìysjQ úIhla fkdjk w;r l%ñlj
úúO jljdkq miqlrñka j¾;udkh olajd meñKs úIhla f,ig f,dj iefjdu
ms<s.kakd lreKls' úIhla úldYhùfï § wd¾Ól" foaYmd,k" kS;suh"
;dCIKsl" iajdNdúl mßir ;;a;ajhkaf.a fjkiaúï fukau kj ±kqu cks;úu
yd ±kqfï ÿ¾j,;d wkdjrKhlr .ekSu ;=<skao úIh ixj¾Okhùu isÿfõ'
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úIh ms<sn| ie,lSfï § by; lreKqj,g wu;rj
jD;a;Sh iñ;s l%shdldÍ;ajh o úIh ixj¾Okhùu i|yd n,md we;snj ±lsh
yelsh'
foi ne,Sug ñksiqka fhduqjkq ,eîh' tys m%;sM,hla f,ig idïm%odhsl fiajd
uKav, l<ukdlrK ld¾hhka fjkqjg ;r.ldÍ;ajh yuqfõ;a f.da,ShlrKh
yuqfõ;a udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK ±laula f,dalhg ìysùu isÿúh'
flfiafj;;a ñksiqka fjkia lsßug uy;a mßY%uhla ±Íu idudkH lreKls'
fjkiajk ±kqfï fõ.hg m%dfhda.sl;ajh fjkia lsÍug id¾:l Wml%u
ixúOdk ;=< wvqùu ksid udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úIfhys ±kqu
iïmQ¾Kfhka Ndú; lsÍug ixúOdkj,g fkdyelsúh yelsh' iuyr
wjia:dj,§ f,dalfha isÿjk fjkiaùu ixúOdklrd ,`.dùug ld,hla .;jkq
±lsh yelsh' fujeks lreKq wkqj fiajd uKav, l<ukdlrK mßphl isg
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK mßphla olajd ixúOdkhl fiajl Wmfhdack
ld¾hh ú;eksùu laIKslj isÿfkdúh yelsfõ' fï wkqj;a f,dalfha kj
m%jk;djla f,ig udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK ±kqu cks;ùu kHdhd;aulj
ms<s.kq ,enQj;a tys Ndú;fha hï hï ÿ¾j, ;eka ±lSug yelsh'
wdY%s; .%ka:
1 Legge, K 1989, ‘Human Resource Management - A Critical Analysis’, in Storey, J.
(ed.) New Perspectives on Human Resource Management, London, Routledge.
2 Cania, L 2014, ‘The evolution of human resource management: Past, present and
future’, Vol. 3, No. 9, pp. 73-83.
3 Ibid
4 Kumar, A & Sharma, R 2000, Personnel management: theory and practice, Vol. 1,
Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
5 Ibid
6 Ibid
7 Ibid
8 Ibid
9 Cania, L 2014, ‘The evolution of human resource management: Past, present and
future’, Vol. 3, No. 9, pp. 73-83.
10 Ibid
11 Kumar, A & Sharma, R 2000, Personnel management: theory and practice, Vol. 1,
Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
12 Ibid
13 Ibid
14 Ibid
15 Ibid
16 Ibid
17 Ibid
18 Ibid
19 Ibid
20 Ibid
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 13
ISSN: 2012-7235
21 Ibid
22 Ibid
23 Ibid
24 Ibid
25 Ibid
26 Ibid
27 Ibid
28 Ibid
29 Ibid
30 Ibid
31 Ibid
32 Ibid
33 Glueck, WF 1974, Personnel, A diagnostic Approach, Dallas, Texas, Business
Publications
34 Storey, J 1989, New perspectives on human resource management,
https://books.google.lk/books?id=nDdWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=glu
eck,+1974,+basically+personnel+is+concerned+with+the+matching+of+people+to+th
e+jobs+that+must+be+done&source=bl&ots=mdH2UwmXMW&sig=q4SvhQCcDh3i
w5bXIAYUnNxSKAw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjqtK-
8zqDOAhXIRo8KHWT0AY4Q6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&q=glueck%2C%201974%2
C%20basically%20personnel%20is%20concerned%20with%20the%20matching%20o
f%20people%20to%20the%20jobs%20that%20must%20be%20done&f=false
35 Ibid
36 Ibid
37 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1987, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York:
Prentice/Hall
38 Legge, K 1989, ‘Human Resource Management - A Critical Analysis’, in Storey, J.
(ed.) New Perspectives on Human Resource Management, London, Routledge
39 Guest D 1989, ‘Personnel Management and HRM: Can You Tell the Difference?’,
Personnel Management, pp.48-51.
40 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1987, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
41 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1989, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
42 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1991, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
43 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1987, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
44 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1989, Personnel Management a New Approach, New
York,Prentice/Hall
45 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1991, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
46 Storey, J (ed.) 1991, New Perspectives on Human Resource Management, London,
Routledge.
47 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1987, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
48 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1989, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
49 Torrington, D & Hall, L 1991, Personnel Management a New Approach, New York,
Prentice/Hall
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK rYañh
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrK úu¾Yk" fj¿u 6" wxl 1" 2016 14
ISSN: 2012-7235
fyauka; fldaÜgj;a;