CH 1: CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS

Read the following passages, answer all the questions from (i) to (v).
1. On the occasion of Diwali, Pranab wanted to decorate his house. While he was colouring
his house, his friend visited to his house and suggested him to white wash the house before
colouring. Then he asked his friend about the importance of white washing. Then his friend
replied, by white washing less amount of colour will be used, expenditure will be less and
house will look bright. Also his friend gave some extra suggestions which are related to
different chemical processes related to day today life activities.
The picture of white washing.

(a) Write the name and chemical formula of the solution which is applied on the wall.
(b) Mention the chemical reaction taking place when the same solution is exposed to air.
(c) Write the type of reaction when quick lime is added to water. Write another reaction of
similar type.
OR
(c) A metal X when added to water , it starts to react with water and at the same time some
pieces of metals floats on the surface of water. Identify the metal and justify your answer by
giving a suitable equation.

2. Chemical reactions in which two ionic compounds in the solution react by exchange of their
ions to form new compounds are called double displacement reactions. The ionic compounds
taken as reactants are soluble in water, however, one of the products formed is insoluble and
separated out as solid, called precipitate.
(a)Name the compound which is formed as precipitate and also mention the colour of the
precipitate when aqueous solution of barium chloride and sodium sulphate is mixed together.
(b). Write the chemical reaction taken place.
1(c).Name the compound formed as precipitate and its colour, when a solution of potassium
chloride mixed with silver nitrate solution. Write the balanced chemical equation for the
reaction.
OR
(c)Identify the M & X in the following reaction
MSO4 + 2NH4OH Cu(OH)2 + X.
Double displacement reactions take place in aqueous medium. Justify your answer.
3. Chemical reactions in which a single compound breaks down to give two or more simpler
substances are called decomposition reaction. The decomposition reaction takes place only
when the energy in the form of heat, electricity or light is supplied.
3(a) Name the coloured gaseous product formed when lead nitrate is heated strongly in a test
tube.
(b) Write an example of photolytic decomposition reaction.
(c)Write any two observations when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated strongly.
OR
(c)Name the gas evolved at cathode during electrolysis of acid diluted water. Mention the
cathode and anode reaction taken place.
4.While explaining the characteristics of various chemical reactions , a teacher
demonstrated few experiments to the students. He explained the chemical reactions
took place as well as the he showed the observations to the students .
Expt 1: The teacher added some amount of calcium carbonate to dilute hydrochloric
acid and showed the students the formation of a colourless gas which when passed
through lime water , the lime water turned milky.
Expt 2: The teacher took an aqueous solution of BaCl2 and added it to Na2SO4
solution. He got a white precipitate . The reaction is characterised as formation of
precipitate.
Expt 3: The teacher placed an iron rod into CuSO4solution , the blue colour of the
solution turned to green colour. As Fe displaced Cu from CuSO4 solution and formed
a green coloured FeSO4 solution.
Expt4 : When the teacher added Zn metal to dil H2SO4 solution, the reaction released
huge amount of heat with the evolution of a colourless gas .
Expt 5: The teacher demonstrated the experiment of electrolysis of water and he
explained the reaction is characterised as change of state reaction.
(a) Identify X and Y from the following chemical reaction
Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (X) + 2KNO3(Y)
(b) When CO2 gas is passed through lime water in excess, milkiness disappeared.
Justify your answer by giving a chemical equation.
(c) Observe the following experimental set up and identify the gas A

Write the balanced chemical equation taken place.

OR

When a solid X added to dilHCl , forms sodium chloride and a colourless gas Y which turns
lime water milky. Identify X and Y and also write the balanced chemical equation.

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTION:

The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below.
a)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b)Both A & R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c)A is true but R is false.
d)A is false but A is true
1. Assertion (A): Calcium carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide and water.
Reason (R): On heating calcium carbonate, decomposition reaction takes place.
2. Assertion (A): Brown fumes are produced when lead nitrate is heated.
Reason (R): Nitrogen dioxide gas is produced as by product due to the decomposition of lead
nitrate.
3Assertion (A): White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
Reason (R): Decomposition of silver chloride in presence of sunlight takes place to form
silver metal and chlorine gas.
4.Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is produced when sulphur burns in air.
Reason (R): Sulphur trioxide is formed on reaction of sulphur with oxygen.
5.Assertion (A): In a reaction of copper with oxygen, copper serves as a reducing agent.
Reason (R): The substance which gains oxygen in a chemical reaction is a reducing agent.
6.Assertion(A):Sodium metal stored under kerosene
Reason(R):Metallic sodium melts when exposed to air.
7.Assertion(A):In the reaction
Zn (s)+CuSO4(aq) →ZnSO4(aq) +Cu (s)
Zn is reductant but itself get oxidised.
Reason(R): In a redox reaction oxidant is reduced by accepting electrons and reductant is
oxidised by losing electrons.
8.Assertion(A): White silver chloride turns black when exposed to sunlight.
Reason (R): Decomposition of silver metal takes place in presence of sunlight to produce
silver metal and chlorine gas.
9.Assertion(A):In a reaction of copper and oxygen copper serves as an oxidising agent.
Reason(R):In a chemical reaction the substance which gains oxygen is reducing agent.
10.Assertion(A):Fe2O3 +Al →Al2O3 +Fe
The above chemical reaction is an example of displcment reaction.
Reason(R): Aluminium being more reactive than iron displaces iron from Fe2O3.
11.Assertion(A):Photosynthesis is considered as endothermic reaction .
Reason(R): Energy get released in photosynthesis reaction.
12.Assertion(A):Quicklime reacts vigorously with water releasing large amount of energy.
Reason(R):The above reaction is an exothermic reaction.
1mark,2 marks , 3 marks and 5 marks questions
1. (i) What is observed when a Solution of potassium iodide is added to a solution of lead
nitrate taken in a test tube ?
(ii) What type of reaction is this ?
(iii) Write a balance chemical equation to represent the above reaction .
2. Balance the following chemical equations:
(i) Fe (s) + H2O (g) Fe3O4 (s) + H2 (g).
(ii) MnO2 + HCl→MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2 .
3. Name the substance oxidized and the substance reduced, and also identify the oxidizing
agent and reducing agents in the following reaction:
(a) 3 MnO2+4Al → 3 Mn+2Al2O3
(b) Fe2O3+3CO →2Fe+3CO2
(c) SO2+2 H2 S →3 S+2H2O.
(d) MnO2 + 4HCl→MnCl2 + 2H2O+Cl2
(e) ZnO+ C →Zn+CO
(f) Zn+ FeSO4 → ZnSO4 +Fe
4. What happen when;
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to solid sodium carbonate ?
(ii) Quick lime is treated with water ?
 (iii) Sodium chloride solution is added to lead nitrate solution ? Also write the chemical
equation in each case .
5. Write the balanced equation for the following and identify the type of the reaction in each
case,
(i) Potassium bromide(aq)+Barium iodide(aq)→Potassium iodide (s)+ Barium bromide (aq)
(ii) Hydrogen (g)+Chlorine(g)→Hydrogen chloride(g).
6. Aqueous solution of sodium sulphate and barium chloride react as follows Na2SO4 +
BaCl2 →BaSO4+2 NaCl
(a) Identify the type of the reaction.
(b)Suggest other name to the reaction.
7. A solution of substance X is used for white washing.
(i) Name the substance X and write the formula.
(ii) Mention one industrial application of substance X.
8. (a) If hydrogen gas is passed over a substance X, the black coating on the surface of X turn
brown. Identify the substance X.
(i) Write down the chemical reaction involved.
(ii) Identify the oxidizing and reducing agent.
(b) What is decomposition reaction? Write an activity to explain it.
9. Give reason:
(a) Article made of aluminum do not corrode.
(b) Silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
10. A substance X which is an oxide of a group 2 element is used intensively in the cement
industry. The element is present in bones also . On treatment with water it forms a solution
which turns red litmus blue. Identify X and also write the chemical reaction involved .
11. Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following reactions and also classify
them.
(a) Lead acetate solution is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid to form lead chloride and
acetic acid solution.
(b) A piece of sodium metal is added to absolute ethanol to form sodium ethoxide and
hydrogen gas.
(c) Iron (III) oxide on heating with carbon monoxide gas reacts to form solid iron and
liberates carbon dioxide gas.
(d) Hydrogen sulphide gas reacts with oxygen gas to form solid sulphur and liquid water.
12. A solution potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate solution, an insoluble white
substance is formed. Write the chemical reaction involved and also mention the type of the
chemical reaction.
13. Which of the following changes are exothermic or endothermic in nature?
(a) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate.
(b) Dilution of sulphuric acid.
(c) Dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water.
(d) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water.
14. A magnesium ribbon is burnt in oxygen to give a white compound X accompanied by
emission of light. If the burning ribbon is now placed in an atmosphere of nitrogen, it
continues to burn and form a compound Y.
(a) Write the chemical formula of X and Y.
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation when X is dissolved in water.
15. On heating blue coloured powder of copper (II) nitrate is a boiling tube, copper oxide
(black), oxygen gas and a brown gas X is formed.
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
(b) Identify the brown gas X evolved.
(c) Identify the type of reaction.
(d) What could be the PH range of the aqueous solution of the gas X ?
16.

Observe the above experimental set up and answer the following questions:
(a)Write the balanced chemical equation to represent the above chemical reaction.
(b)Mention the type of the reaction.
(c)Write another chemical reaction of the similar type.
17.Ramu added dilute hydrochloric acid to four metals and recorded his observations as
shown in the table given below:
METALS GAS EVOLVED

Aluminium Yes

Silver Yes

Magnesium No

Calcium Yes

Select the correct observation (s) and write the chemical equation(s) of the reaction involved.
18.

(a)Identify the type of the reaction taken place in step1 and write another reaction of
similar type.
(a) Identify X and mention the special name of the reaction occurs in step 2 .
(b) Mention the reaction how can you get X from marble.
Multiple choice questions
1. The equation
Cu + x HNO3→ Cu(NO3)2 +yNO2 +2H2O
The values of x and y are
a)3and 5 (b) 8 and 6 (c) 4 and2 (d) 7 and 1
2. Zn +H2SO4 (dil)→ ZnSO4+H2↑
The above reaction is
a)Decomposition reaction (b) Displacement reaction
(c)Combination reaction (d) Double displacement reaction.
3. In the equation,
NaOH +HNO3→NaNO3 +H2O
Nitric acid is acting as
(a) Oxidizing agent (b) an acid
(c) a nitrating agent (d) a dehydrating agent
4. A substance which oxidizes itself and reduces other is known as
(a) oxidizing agent (b) reducing agent
(c) dehydrating agent (d) deoxygenating agent.
5. Black and white photography uses
(a) decomposition of silver chloride
(b) decomposition of silver bromide
(c) both (d) none of these.
6. Ethane on complete combustion gave CO2and water. It shows that the results are in
accordance with law of conservation of mass. The coefficient of it is equal to
(a) 3 (b) 5/2 (c) 2 (d) 7/2
7. A powder X in a dry test tube was heated that evolves brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide
and a yellow residue is also formed. The salt X is
(a)MgSO3 (b) Pb(NO3)2 (c)(NH4)2SO4 (d) CaCO3
8. When dilute sulphuric acid is added to pieces of iron sulphide , hydrogen sulphide gas is
produced and soluble ferrous sulphate is formed .The type of chemical reaction involved is
(a) decomposition reaction (b) combination reaction
(c) displacement reaction (d) double displacement reaction
9. Which of the following involve a chemical reaction?
(a) Evaporation of water (b) Storing of nitrogen gas under pressure
(c) keeping petrol in a china dish in open
(d)Heating magnesium wire in the presence of air at high temperature.
10.A metal M reacts with an acid according to the equation.
M +H+→M3+ +H2
Which of the following is correct for the metal M?
(a)Calcium (b)Aluminium (c) Barium (d) Potassium
11. In the double displacement reaction between aqueous solution of potassium iodide and
aqueous lead nitrate , a yellow precipitate of lead iodide is formed. While perform the activity
if lead nitrate is not available, which one of the following can be used in place of lead nitrate?
(a)lead sulphate (b) lead acetate
(c) ammonium nitrate (d) potassium sulphate
12. Which of the following gases can be used for storage of fresh sample of oil for long time?
(a) Carbon dioxide or oxygen (b) Nitrogen or oxygen
(c)Carbon dioxide or helium (d) Helium or nitrogen
13. Which of the following is (are ) endothermic process(es)?
(i) Dilution of sulphuric acid (ii) Sublimation of dry ice
(iii) Condensation of water vapour (iv) Evaporation of water
(i) and (ii) (b) (ii) only (c) (iii) only (d)(ii) and (iv)
14.Electrolysis of water is a decomposition reaction.The mole ratio of hydrogen and oxygen
gases liberated during electrolysis of water is
(a) 1:1 (b) 2:1 (c) 4:1 (d) 1:2
15.The following reaction is an example of a
NH3+5O2(g)→4NO(g) +6H2O(g)
(i)displacement reaction (ii) combination reaction
(iii) redox reaction (iv) neutralization reaction
(a)(i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)
16. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing acidified
permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears.
Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation?
(a)KMnO4 is an oxidizing agent, it oxidizes FeSO4
(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidizing agent and oxidizes KMnO4
(c)The colour disappears due to the dilution, no reaction occurs.
(d)KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in presence of FeSO4 to a colourless
compound.
17.In the following reaction the compound oxidized is
MnO2+ 4HCl →MnCl2 +2H2O +Cl2
(a)MnO4 (b) HCl (c) H2O (d) Cl2
18. Identify X, Y and Z for the following reaction
X KClO3 → Y KCl +Z O2
(a) X=3,Y=2,Z=1 (b) X=2,Y=2,Z=3
(c) X=1,Y=3,Z=1 (d) X=2,Y=2,Z=3
19. H2O2 is kept in dark coloured bottle in the lab to prevent
(a) electrolytic decomposition (b) thermal decomposition
(c)photolytic decomposition (d) oxidation
20. Which of the following statements are incorrect for the reaction in which zinc metal is
added to dilute sulphuric acid?
(a) hydrogen gas is evolved (b) reaction is endothermic
(c) It is displacement reaction (d)no change in colour takes place.
21.Oxidation is a reaction in which
(a)substance gains oxygen
(b)substance gains hydrogen
(c)substance gains oxygen or loses hydrogen
(d)substance loses oxygen or gains hydrogen
22. Identify the reducing agent in the following chemical reaction
ZnO + C Zn + CO
(a)ZnO (b)C (c)Zn (d)CO
23.Choose the reaction which is not a redox reaction.
(a) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
(b) C + O2 → CO2
(c) CH4 + 2O2→ CO2 + 2H2O
(d) ZnO + C →Zn + CO.