Name: Khyzzia Necol P. Ponio Instructor: Ar. Alchor T.

Tapayan
Section: BS- Architecture 4 Date: March 21, 2024
Subject: SPECS 1

DIFFERENTIATE NIPAS AND ENIPAS ACT

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL

INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM, DEFINING ITS SCOPE AND COVERAGE, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

Republic Act 7586 provides for the establishment and management of a National
Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS).

It is the policy of the State to secure for the Filipino people of present and future
generations the perpetual existence of all native plants and animals through the
establishment of a com prehensive system of integrated protected areas within the
classification of national park as provided for in the Constitution. NIPAS is the classification
and administration of all designated protected areas to maintain essential ecological
processes and life-sup- port systems, to preserve genetic diversity, to ensure sustainable
use of resources found therein, and to maintain their natural conditions to the greatest
extent possible. NIPAS shall encompass outstanding re markable areas and biologically
important public lands that are habitats of rare and endangered species of plants and
animals, biogeographic zones and related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, wetland or
marine, all of which shall be designated as protected areas.

Categories and definitions

National park is a forest reservation, essentially of natural wilderness character, which has
been withdrawn from settlement, occupancy or any form of exploitation except in
conformity with an approved management plan, and set aside as such to conserve the area,
or preserve the scenery, natural and historic objects, wild animals and plants therein, and
to provide enjoyment of these features in such areas. Protected area is an identified portion
of land and water set aside by reason of their unique physical and biological significance,
managed to enhance biological diversity, and protected against destructive human
exploitation.

Protected areas are categorized as:

• Strict nature reserve - an area possessing some outstanding ecosystems, features, and
species of flora and fauna of national scientific importance, established to protect nature
and natural processes and maintain ecologically representative examples of the natural
environment for scientific study, environmental monitoring, and education.

• Natural park - a relatively large area not materially altered by human activity, where
extractive resource uses are not allowed and which is maintained to protect outstanding
natural and scenic areas of national or international significance for scientific, educational
and recreational use.

• Natural monument - a relatively small area focused on the protection of nationally

significant natural features on account of their special interest or unique characteristics.

• Wildlife sanctuary - an area that assures the natural conditions necessary to protect
nationally significant species, groups of species, biotic communities or physical features of
the environment, where these may require specific human manipulation for perpetuation.

• Protected landscapes and seascapes - areas of national significance that provide

opportunities for public enjoyment through recreation and tourism within the normal
lifestyle and economic activity of the resident community.

• Resource reserve - an extensive and relatively isolated and uninhabited area normally
with difficult access designated as such to protect the natural resources for future use, and
Name: Khyzzia Necol P. Ponio Instructor: Ar. Alchor T. Tapayan
Section: BS- Architecture 4 Date: March 21, 2024
Subject: SPECS 1
prevent or control development that could affect the resource pending the establishment of
objectives based upon appropriate knowledge and planning.

 Natural biotic areas - areas set aside to allow the way of life of societies living in
harmony with the environment to adapt to modern technology at their pace. These
societies include the; Indigenous cultural community, a group of people sharing
common bonds of language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits,
and who have, since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized a territory.

It has a vital role in implementing one of the top ten major approaches of the Philippine
Strategies for Sustainable Development. However, no review has yet been done on this Act,
despite the need for it. The law needs to be harmonized with other laws, and needs to be
strengthened because although it is all right in protecting habitats, it is weak inadequate in
terms of protecting mobile species.

The Expanded National Integrated Protected Area Systems (ENIPAS) Act of 2018 strengthens protection and
adds more than 100 legislated protected areas in the Philippines, including the Philippine Rise Marine
Resource Reserve

The passage of the ENIPAS Act provides a national legislation for all protected areas to
ensure their ecological integrity. This includes the Tañon Strait Protected Seascape, one of
the largest marine protected areas in the Philippines and declared as a protected seascape
through a Presidential Proclamation in 1998. The ENIPAS Act also covers the Philippine
Rise Marine Resource Reserve, which was recently declared as a protected area with strict
protection zones by President Duterte.

Salient provisions of the Act include the provision for scientific and technical support for
biodiversity conservation; delineation and demarcation of boundaries; deputation of support
especially on enforcement to the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu); and regular
reporting on the status of the Integrated Protected Area Fund (IPAF) and allocating 75% of
all revenues raised to the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB). It also prohibits the
use and possession of destructive fishing gears within the protected seascape.

The ENIPAS Act also expands the mandates of the Department of Justice (DOJ) to
appoint special prosecutors handling cases specifically related to protected areas, and
assist in the training of wardens and rangers in arrests and criminal procedures.

It aims to establish a National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS), which

encompass ecologically rich and unique areas and biologically important public lands that are
habitats of rare and threatened species of plants and animals, biogeographic zones and
related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, wetland or marine, all of which will be designated as
"protected areas".

The Act strengthens the strengthens the protection of natural, biological and physical
diversities of the environment needed for the conservation of biodiversity and the integrity of
ecosystems, culture and indigenous practices by recognizing conservation areas and the
management regimes being implemented by local government units (LGUs), local
communities and indigenous peoples (IPs).

CONCLUSION

The NIPAS (National Integrated Protected Areas System) Act and the ENIPAS (Expanded
National Integrated Protected Areas System) Act are both legislative measures in the
Philippines aimed at conserving and protecting the country's biodiversity and natural
resources. Here's a differentiation between the two:
1. Scope and Coverage:
 NIPAS Act: Enacted in 1992, the NIPAS Act established the initial framework
for the conservation and management of protected areas in the Philippines. It
Name: Khyzzia Necol P. Ponio Instructor: Ar. Alchor T. Tapayan
Section: BS- Architecture 4 Date: March 21, 2024
Subject: SPECS 1
designated certain areas as protected under the National Integrated
Protected Areas System.

 ENIPAS Act: The ENIPAS Act, enacted in 2018, expanded the coverage of
protected areas in the Philippines. It increased the number of protected areas
and enhanced the protection and management of these areas.
2. Expansion of Coverage:
 NIPAS Act: Initially, the NIPAS Act designated certain areas as protected
under the National Integrated Protected Areas System. It laid the foundation
for the protection and management of these areas.
 ENIPAS Act: The ENIPAS Act expanded the coverage of protected areas by
including additional areas deemed significant for biodiversity conservation
and ecosystem management. It aimed to address gaps in the protection of
the country's natural resources.
3. Enhanced Protection and Management:
 NIPAS Act: The NIPAS Act provided the basic framework for the protection
and management of designated protected areas. It outlined the roles and
responsibilities of various government agencies and stakeholders in
conserving these areas.
 ENIPAS Act: Building upon the NIPAS Act, the ENIPAS Act introduced
provisions to enhance the protection and management of protected areas. It
emphasized the importance of community involvement, sustainable resource
management, and biodiversity conservation.
4. Legislative Updates:
 NIPAS Act: Enacted in 1992, the NIPAS Act served as the primary legislation
for protected areas in the Philippines for over two decades.
 ENIPAS Act: Enacted in 2018, the ENIPAS Act represented an update and
expansion of the NIPAS Act to address evolving conservation challenges and
to strengthen the protection of the country's biodiversity.

In summary, while both the NIPAS Act and the ENIPAS Act aim to conserve and
protect the Philippines' natural resources, the ENIPAS Act represents an expansion and
enhancement of the framework established by the NIPAS Act, with increased coverage of
protected areas and provisions for improved protection and management.

These additional points highlight the evolutionary nature of protected area

legislation in the Philippines, with the ENIPAS Act building upon the foundation laid by the
NIPAS Act to address emerging conservation challenges and stakeholder needs.