Zagazig University

Faculty of Engineering
Electrical Power & Machines Department

Power Electronics (2)

LECTURE NO. 8

By

Prof .Dr. Mohamed A. Enany

 Chapter (3)

DC-AC Converters
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

DC-AC Converters
 DC-AC Converters which are used to convert a DC power to AC power

at a desired output voltage or current and frequency

 These converters are called inverters , there are used in many

applications as a part of composite converter such as;

1- AC-DC-AC frequency converter (for AC motor drive)

2- AC-DC-AC constant-voltage constant-frequency converter (for UPS)

3- AC-DC-AC Converters (for induction heating)

4- AC-DC-AC-DC Converters ( for switching power supplies)

Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

DC-AC Converters
 Depending on the type of the source, there are two types of Inverters;
1- Voltage-Source Inverters (VSIs)
 DC side is constant voltage, low impedance
 AC side voltage is quasi-square wave.
 AC side current is determined by the load.
 Anti-parallel diodes are necessary

2- Current-Source Inverters (CSIs)

 DC side is constant current, high impedance
 AC side current is quasi- square wave.
 AC side voltage is determined by the load.
 No anti-parallel diodes are needed.
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

DC-AC Converters
 Depending on the type of the DC source, there are two types of VSIs;
1- Voltage-Source Inverters with fixed DC link
 DC side is constant voltage, low impedance
 Voltage is controlled by On-Off method.
 Frequency is controlled by On-Off method.

2- Voltage-Source Inverters with variable DC Link

 DC side is controlled DC voltage, (controlled rectifier or DC chopper)
 Voltage is controlled by controlled rectifier or DC chopper.
 Frequency is controlled by On-Off method.
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

DC-AC Converters
 Besides rectifiers, VSIs are the most common power electronic
converters. The most common types of voltage-source inverters (VSIs)
are:

1- Single-phase Inverters

(a) Half-wave Bridge Inverters

(b) Full-wave Bridge Inverters

2- Three-phase Inverters

(a) 180 o conduction Full-wave Bridge Inverters

(b) 120 o conduction Full-wave Bridge Inverters

Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

1- Single Phase Half-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase Half-wave Bridge Inverters with R load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

1- Single Phase Half-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase Half-wave Bridge Inverters with R load
The rms value of output voltage, Vo ,;
𝑇 2 𝑇/2 2 𝑇 2
1 𝑉𝑆 1 𝑉𝑆 −𝑉𝑆 𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝑜 = 𝑑𝑡 = ( 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑑𝑡) =
𝑇 0 2 𝑇 0 2 𝑇/2 2 2

The instantaneous output voltage can be expressed in Fourier series as

∞
2𝑉𝑆
𝑣𝑜 = sin 𝑛𝜔𝑡
𝑛𝜋
𝑛=1,3,5,…

The rms value of fundamental component can be determined as follows;

2𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝑜1 = = 0.45 𝑉𝑆
2𝜋
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is defined as;

𝑉𝑜 2 − 𝑉𝑜1 2
𝐻𝐹 𝑜𝑟 𝑇𝐻𝐷 = = 0.484
𝑉𝑜1 2
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with R load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with R load
The rms value of output voltage, Vo ,
𝑇 𝑇/2 𝑇
1 2 𝑑𝑡
1 2 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡)
𝑉𝑜 = 𝑉𝑆 = ( 𝑉𝑆 + −𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑆
𝑇 0 𝑇 0 𝑇/2

The instantaneous output voltage can be expressed in Fourier series as

∞
4𝑉𝑆
𝑣𝑜 = sin 𝑛𝜔𝑡
𝑛𝜋
𝑛=1,3,5,…

The rms value of fundamental component can be determined as follows;

4𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝑜1 = = 0.9 𝑉𝑆
2𝜋
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) or His defined as;

𝑉𝑜 2 − 𝑉𝑜1 2
𝐻𝐹 𝑜𝑟 𝑇𝐻𝐷 = = 0.484
𝑉𝑜1 2
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

Single Phase Inverters Features

Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with RL load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with RL load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with RL load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

2- Single Phase Full-wave Bridge Inverters

 1-phase full-wave Bridge Inverters with RL load
Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

Multi Level Inverters

Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

Multi Level Inverters

Chapter (3) DC-AC Converters

Diode Clamped Multi Level Inverters