1.

企业架构
企业架构在工作：
 第1章
Chapter 1: Introduction to Enterprise Architecture
Architecture: Essential for managing the complexity of large organizations. It involves creating a
master plan and detailed specifications, much like designing a house.
Enterprise Architecture (EA): A holistic approach to designing an organization's business
processes, IT systems, and infrastructure. It ensures alignment with business objectives and
facilitates flexibility and adaptability.
Definition: According to ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 42010:2011, architecture encompasses the
fundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment, its elements, relationships,
and design principles.
Stakeholders: Individuals or groups with interests in the system. Effective communication
between architects and stakeholders is crucial.
EA Characteristics: Provides a holistic view, balancing local optimization with overall business
needs. It must adapt to changes and align with business objectives.
Architecture Process: Involves steps from initial idea to implementation and maintenance. Clear
communication with stakeholders throughout is vital.
第 1 章：企业架构简介
架构：对于管理大型组织的复杂性至关重要。它涉及创建总体规划和详细规范，就像设计
房屋一样。
企业架构 (EA)：一种整体方法，用于设计组织的业务流程、IT 系统和基础设施。它确保与
业务目标的一致性，并促进灵活性和适应性。
定义：根据 ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 42010:2011，架构包括系统在其环境中的基本概念或属性、其
元素、关系和设计原则。
利益相关者：对系统感兴趣的个人或群体。架构师与利益相关者之间的有效沟通至关重要。
EA 特征：提供整体视图，平衡局部优化与整体业务需求。必须适应变化并与业务目标保持
一致。
架构过程：包括从初始想法到实施和维护的步骤。与利益相关者的清晰沟通贯穿始终是至
关重要的。

 第 2.2.2 章
Chapter 2.2.2: The Zachman Framework
Introduction: Introduced by John Zachman in 1987 as the "Framework for Information Systems
Architecture," it is the first and best-known enterprise architecture framework.
Purpose: Provides a logical structure for classifying and organizing descriptive representations of
an enterprise, significant for both management and system development.
Framework Structure:
Roles: Planner, Owner, Designer, Builder, Subcontractor.
Product Abstractions: What (material), How (process), Where (geometry).
Additional Interrogatives: Who (people), When (time), Why (motivation).
Advantages:
Easy to understand.
Addresses the enterprise as a whole.
Defined independently of tools and methodologies.
Issues can be mapped against it to understand their fit.
Drawbacks:
Large number of cells, making practical applicability challenging.
Relations between different cells are not well specified.
Legacy: Despite drawbacks, it remains a widely used and comprehensive framework for
enterprise architecture.
第 2.2.2 章: 扎克曼框架
简介：由约翰·扎克曼于 1987 年提出，最初称为“信息系统架构框架”，这是第一个也是
最著名的企业架构框架。
目的：提供一个逻辑结构，用于分类和组织企业的描述性表示，这对于企业管理和系统开
发都很重要。
框架结构：
角色：规划者、所有者、设计者、建造者、分包商。
产品抽象：是什么（材料）、如何（过程）、在哪里（几何）。
附加质问：谁（人员）、何时（时间）、为什么（动机）。
优点：
容易理解。
涵盖整个企业。
独立于工具和方法定义。
可以将问题映射到框架中以理解其适应性。
缺点：
单元格数量多，实际应用具有挑战性。
不同单元格之间的关系没有很好地指定。
遗产：尽管有缺点，该框架仍然是广泛使用的全面企业架构框架。

 更多
The Zachman Framework
Introduction:
Creator: John Zachman introduced the framework in 1987.
Original Name: Initially called the "Framework for Information Systems Architecture".
Significance: Recognized as the first comprehensive enterprise architecture framework.
Purpose:
Classification and Organization: The framework provides a logical structure to classify and
organize the descriptive representations of an enterprise.
Management and Development: These representations are crucial for both managing the
enterprise and developing its systems.
Framework Structure:
Design Process Roles:
Planner: Responsible for scoping and setting the context.
Owner: Focuses on the enterprise model from a conceptual viewpoint.
Designer: Develops system models at a logical level.
Builder: Constructs technology models at a physical level.
Subcontractor: Deals with detailed representations out of context.
Product Abstractions:
What: The material or data elements of the enterprise.
How: The functions or processes within the enterprise.
Where: The network or geographical distribution of components.
Additional Interrogatives:
Who: The people involved in various roles and activities.
When: The timing and sequencing of events and processes.
Why: The motivations and reasons behind actions and decisions.
Advantages:
Comprehensibility: The framework is straightforward and easy to understand.
Holistic Approach: It addresses the enterprise in its entirety, offering a broad perspective.
Tool and Methodology Independence: Defined independently, it can be applied universally
without being tied to specific tools or methods.
Mapping Issues: Any issues or components can be mapped to the framework to understand their
place and relevance.
Drawbacks:
Complexity: The large number of cells (intersections of roles and abstractions) can make the
framework cumbersome and challenging to apply in practice.
Undefined Relationships: The connections and interactions between different cells are not well-
defined, which can limit its practical utility.
Legacy:
Pioneering Work: Despite its limitations, the Zachman Framework is credited with laying the
foundational groundwork for enterprise architecture.
Continued Use: It remains a widely respected and utilized framework in the field of enterprise
architecture, influencing many subsequent frameworks and methodologies.
扎克曼框架
简介：
创建者：约翰·扎克曼于 1987 年引入该框架。
最初名称：最初称为“信息系统架构框架”。
重要性：被公认为第一个全面的企业架构框架。
目的：
分类和组织：该框架提供了一个逻辑结构，用于分类和组织企业的描述性表示。
管理和开发：这些表示对于企业管理和系统开发都至关重要。
框架结构：
设计过程角色：
规划者：负责范围界定和设定背景。
所有者：从概念角度关注企业模型。
设计者：在逻辑层面开发系统模型。
建造者：在物理层面构建技术模型。
分包商：处理上下文之外的详细表示。
产品抽象：
是什么：企业的材料或数据元素。
如何：企业内的功能或流程。
在哪里：组件的网络或地理分布。
附加质问：
谁：参与各种角色和活动的人员。
何时：事件和流程的时间和顺序。
为什么：行动和决策背后的动机和原因。
优点：
易于理解：该框架简单明了，容易理解。
整体方法：它涵盖整个企业，提供了广泛的视角。
工具和方法独立性：独立定义，可以普遍应用，不依赖于特定的工具或方法。
问题映射：任何问题或组件都可以映射到框架中，以理解它们的位置和相关性。
缺点：
复杂性： 大量的单元格（角色和抽象概念的交叉点）会使框架变得繁琐，在实际应用中具
有挑战性。
未定义的关系： 不同单元之间的联系和互动没有明确定义，这可能会限制其实际效用。
遗产：
开创性工作： 尽管有其局限性，Zachman 框架还是为企业架构奠定了基础。
继续使用：它仍然是企业架构领域广受推崇和使用的框架，影响了许多后续框架和方法。