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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 18-05-2024

18th
MAY
2024
FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER

Nearly 6 million trees disappeared from Mains: General Studies - 2

farmlands: study
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance
Mains: General Studies - 3
Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation,
environmental impact assessment.
Nature Sustainability Journal
• Recent satellite-imagery based analysis by researchers
at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark published
the journal Nature Sustainability.
• The report points out that in a mere three years, from
2019 to 2022, India may have lost close to 5.8 million
full-grown trees in agricultural lands.
• The present analysis however focuses on Indian
farmland and tracks individual trees, albeit only
big ones, relying on maps from multiple ‘micro-
satellites’, and machine learning analysis to estimate
trends, beginning 2010.
• About 56% of India is covered by farmland and 22%
by forest.
• States of Telangana and Maharashtra documented
massive losses of large trees. Here, several hotspot
areas have lost up to 50% of their large farmland trees,
with up to 22 trees per square kilometer disappearing.
Issues relating to development and management of Social
Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human
Resources.
Chikungunya
• Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans
through the bites of mosquitoes infected with the
chikungunya virus.
• It is most commonly transmitted by mosquitoes,
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia)
albopictus, which can also transmit dengue and Zika
viruses.
• It was first described during an outbreak in southern
Tanzania in 1952 and has now been identified in nearly
40 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
• The most common symptom is an abrupt onset of fever,
often accompanied by joint pain. Other symptoms
include muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue, and
rash.

Climate change posing public health

challenges for the State, say experts
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
Domestic violence: Blue Corner notice
against accused
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance
Mains: General Studies - 2
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements
involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Blue Corner Notice
• It is a part of Interpol’s elaborate system of colour-
coded notices, which enable countries to “share alerts
and requests for information [on wanted persons/
crimes] worldwide”.
• This sharing of critical crime-related information is
crucial for tackling internationally spread out criminal
activities.
• The notices are issued by the Interpol’s General
Secretariat at the request of a member country’s
Interpol National Central Bureau, and are made
available for all member countries.
• There are seven types of notices — Red Notice,
Yellow Notice, Blue Notice, Black Notice, Green Notice,
Orange Notice, and Purple Notice. Each has a different
implication.
Other Notices of Interpol
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18-05-2024
We hope India will attend peace meet:
Swiss official
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance
Mains: General Studies - 2
Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing
countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
Ukraine Peace Conference
• A high-level peace conference aimed at ending the
conflict in Ukraine is scheduled to take place in
Switzerland on June 15-16.
• The primary goal is to establish a dialogue
between involved parties to find a path towards a
comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine,
following international law and the UN Charter.
• Specific areas of potential consensus identified by
Ukraine include:
→ Ensuring free navigation in the Black Sea to
facilitate grain exports and address global food
security.
→ A call for a halt to attacks on energy infrastructure.
• The conference represents a significant international
effort to bring an end to the ongoing war.
Black Sea Grain Initiative
• The Black Sea Grain Initiative, brokered by the UN
and Turkey in July 2022 aimed to alleviate a global
food crisis by allowing Ukrainian grain-loaded ships
blocked by Russia-Ukraine war to export grain safely.
• Ukraine is among the largest exporters of wheat,
maize, rapeseed, sunflower seeds and sunflower oil
globally.
• A Joint Coordination Centre (JCC) was established
to monitor the implementation of the initiative that
includes Russia, Ukraine, UN and Turkey.
• In July 2023, Russia suspended its participation in the
Black Sea Grain Initiative.
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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
Report side effects of medical devices on
time, says DCGI
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development,
Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives,
etc.
Mains: General Studies - 2
Government policies and interventions for development
in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and
implementation.
Materiovigilance Programme of India (MvPI)
• The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare commenced
the Materiovigilance Programme of India (MvPI)
in 2015 with the objective of monitoring the safety
and ensuring quality of medical devices used in the
country.
• MvPI collects data on medical device related
adverse events and systematically and scientifically
analyses them to aid in regulatory decisions and
recommendations on safe use of medical devices.
• Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC),
autonomous institution of the Ministry of Health &
Family welfare, functions as the National Coordination
Centre (NCC) for the programme.
• Medical Device Adverse Event Monitoring Centres
(MDMCs) have been established to create awareness
about the programme and enhance the quality of
reporting.
Manufacturing in India needs more
sophistication: FM
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development,
Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives,
etc.
Mains: General Studies - 2
Government policies and interventions for development
in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and
implementation.
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18-05-2024
Confederation of Indian Industries (CII)
• CII is a non-government, not-for-profit, industry-led,
industry-managed organization playing a proactive
role in India’s development process.
• Founded in 1895, it is headquartered in New Delhi.
• It partners Indian industry, government and civil society
to create and sustain an environment conducive to
development of India.
• CII was appointed as the B20 India Secretariat by the
Government of India to lead the B20 India process
during India’s G20 Presidency
Key Initiatives
ꬹ Specialized Service Division: Aims to provide
solutions to organizations to help them become
more self-reliant by helping them develop flexible
strategies that cater to changing needs.
ꬹ Corporate Services Group: Assists companies
an
maximize corporate and shareholder value through
various activities such as knowledge-based events,
research projects etc.
ꬹ Energy Management Division: Provides its expertise
to domestic as well as overseas organizations.
ꬹ Environment Management Division: Facilitates
the utilization of national and international
expertise through seminars, workshops and training
programmes.
ꬹ Green Service Division: Operates through Green
Business Centre (CII-GBC) to promote green
concepts leading to sustainable development,
efficiency and equitable growth.
ꬹ Technology Services Division: Offers services such
as technology audit, technology transfer and
problem-solving skills from R&D and academic
institutions etc.
ꬹ Social Development and Community Affairs
Council (SDCA): Its various initiatives cover issues
like education, child rehabilitation, women
empowerment etc.
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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
Start-ups sign up with ONDC as volumes
exceed 7 mn a month
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development,
Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives,
etc.
Mains: General Studies - 2
Government policies and interventions for development
in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and
implementation.
Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC)
• Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) is an
initiative by the government of India to create an
inclusive e-commerce environment in the country.
• It was launched under the Department for Promotion
of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) by the Ministry
of Commerce in 2022.
• ONDC aims at transforming the e-commerce market
in India by shifting from a platform-centric model
to an open-network model and serves as a platform
connecting buyers and sellers for online shopping.
• It works as a network of interconnected
e-marketplaces, where sellers, including brands, can
list and sell their products directly to customers without
any middlemen or intermediaries.
Key components of ONDC
Buyers: Use any ONDC-compatible app to discover
products and services from various sellers.
Sellers: Any seller, from large retailers to small
kirana shops, can register on the ONDC network
and be discovered by buyers across different apps.
Technology Service Providers (TSPs): These
companies create buyer and seller applications that
connect to the ONDC network.
Gateways: These are technology providers that
ensure smooth information exchange between
buyer and seller apps.
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18-05-2024
RBI Deputy Governors flag supervisory
concerns at asset reconstruction firms
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development,
Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives,
etc.
Mains: General Studies - 3
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilisation,
of resources, growth, development and employment.
Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARC)
• Asset Reconstruction Companies are a specialised
financial institution that buys the Non-Performing
Assets (NPAs) from banks and financial institutions so
that they can clean up their balance sheets.
• ARCs buy bank’s bad loans by paying a portion as cash
(15% as mandated by RBI) and issue Security Receipts
(SRs) for balance 85%.
• The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial
Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest
(SARFAESI) Act 2002 provides the legal basis for the
setting up of ARCs in India.
• As of 31st July 2022, there were 29 ARCs registered
with and regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
KEY WORDS
• Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP):
CIRP is the process of resolving the corporate
insolvency of a corporate debtor in accordance
with the provisions of the Insolvency and
Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
PLACES IN NEWS WHY IN NEWS?
Spain denied port of call
Cartagena, Spain to ship from Chennai
carrying arms to Israel.
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