Solution DPP Binomial Theorem BITSAT Crash Course MathonGo

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DPP Binomial Theorem

Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

ANSWER KEYS
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (3) 4. (1) 5. (1) 6. (3) 7. (4) 8. (2)
9. (4) 10. (4) 11. (3) 12. (1) 13. (4) 14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (2)
17. (1) 18. (4) 19. (1) 20. (1) 21. (2) 22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (1)
25. (3) 26. (4) 27. (1) 28. (2) 29. (1) 30. (3) 31. (2) 32. (2)
33. (2) 34. (3) 35. (2) 36. (2) 37. (2) 38. (1) 39. (3) 40. (2)

1. (1)
10

In the expansion of ( x

2

3

2
) , the general term is
x

10−r r
10 x 3
Tr+1 = Cr ( ) (− )
2 x
2

r
10 r 3 10−3r
= Cr (−1) x
10−r
2

Here, the exponent of x is 4.


So, 10– 3r = 4 ⇒ r = 2 .
8 2
10 x 3
∴ T2+1 = C2 ( ) (− )
2 2
x

10×9 1 2 4
= × × 3 × x
1×2 8
2
405 4
= x
256

Therefore, the required coefficient is 405

256
.
2. (2) We know that from the binomial expansion
n n n n 2 n n
(1 + ax) =( C )+( C )ax +( C )(ax) + … +( Cn )(αx) . . .(1)
0 1 2

And,
n 27 2 n n
(1 + ax) = 1 + 6x + x + … + a x . . .(2)
2

On comparing the coefficients of like powers in (1) and (2), we get


n
C ⋅ a = 6
1

⇒ na = 6

And,
n 2 27
C ⋅ a =
2 2
n 2 27
⇒ a =
2!⋅ ( n−2 ) ! 2

n ( n−1 )
2 27
⇒ a =
2 2

2
⇒ n(n − 1)a = 27

⇒(n − 1)a =
9

2
; [∵ na = 6]

( n−1 ) 6 9
⇒ =
n 2
( n−1 )
3
⇒ =
n 4

1 1
⇒(1 − )=(1 − )
n 4

∴ n = 4 and a = 3

2
.
3. (3) Given expansion is (1 + x)
44
.

According to the question, T 21 = T22

44 20 44 21
C20 x = C21 x

44
C20
⇒ x =
44
C21

44 !

20 !×24 ! 21 !×23 !
⇒ x = =
44 ! 20 !×24 !
21 !×23 !

21 7
= =
24 8

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DPP Binomial Theorem
Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

4. (1)
We have,
9 9 9 9−r r
(3 + kx) = ∑ { Cr (3) (kx) }
r=0

Coefficient of x 2
= Coefficient of x 3

9 9−2 2 9 9−3 3
∴ C 3 k = C 3 k
2 3

9! 9!
⇒ 3( )=( )k
2!⋅7! 3!⋅6!

⇒ 36 = 28k

9
⇒ k =
7

5. (1)
10
x √3
[√ + ]
3 2
2x

The general term is


10−r r
x √3
10
Tr+1 = C r (√ ) ( )
3 2
2x

r 10−r
10−r √3 1
10 −2r
Tr+1 = Cr (√x) ⋅ x ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( )
2 √3

10−r r 10
10 −2r 3 1
= Cr x 2 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( )
2 √3

10−5r r 5
10 3 1
Tr+1 = Cr x 2
⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( )
2 3

For term independent of x, power must be zero.


10−5r
⇒ 10 = 5r ⇒ r = 2
2

So, the term is:


2 5
10 3 1
T3 = C2 ( ) ( )
2 3

10×9 1 5
T3 = × =
2 3×3×3×2×2 12

6. (3)
10

We have, (1 − x) 2
(x +
1

x
)

2 10 10 9 1 10 8 1 1
=(1 − 2x + x )(x + C x × + C x × + ... + )
1 x 2 2 10
x x

2 10 10 8 10 6 10 1 1
=(1 − 2x + x )(x + C x + C x + ... + C9 × + )
1 2 8 10
x x

So, the term independent of x is


10 10 10 10
C +(−2)×0 + C = C + C
5 6 5 6

Using, n
Cr +
n
C
r+1
=
n+1
C
r+1
and
n
Cr =
n
C
n−r
, we get
10 10 11 11
C + C = C6 = C
5 6 5

7. (4)
From the given condition
n n n
Cr : Cr+1 : Cr+2 = 2 : 15 : 70
n n
Cr Cr+1
and
2 15
⇒ = =
n n
Cr+1 15 Cr+2 70

n! n!

( ) ( )
( n−r ) !⋅r! ( n−r−1 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) !


n!
=
2

15
and n!
=
15

70
( ) ( )
( n−r−1 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) ! ( n−r−2 ) !⋅ ( r+2 ) !

( n−r−1 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) ! ( n−r−2 ) !⋅ ( r+2 ) !


⇒ =
2

15
and =
3

14
( n−r ) !⋅r! ( n−r−1 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) !

( n−r−1 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) ⋅r! ( n−r−2 ) !⋅ ( r+2 ) ⋅ ( r+1 ) !


⇒ =
2

15
and =
14
3

( n−r ) ⋅ ( n−r−1 ) !⋅r! ( n−r−1 ) ⋅ ( n−r−2 ) !⋅ ( r+1 ) !

and
r+1 2 r+2 3
⇒ = =
n−r 15 n−r−1 14

⇒ 17r = 2n − 15 and 17r = 3n − 31


⇒ 3n − 31 = 2n − 15, ⇒ n = 16 and r = 1
n n n
Cr + Cr+1 + Cr+2
Hence, average = 3
16 16 16
C1 + C2 + C3
=
3

= 232.

8. (2)
n−4 4
1 4
n n (2) 4 ⋅( ) 5 n−8 n−8 5
T4+1 C4 3

We have the expansion 4 1


(√ 2 + ) ∴ = = (√6) ⇒ (2) 4
⋅ (3) 4
= (√6)
4 Tn−4+1 n n− ( n−4 ) n−4
√3 Cn−4
1 4
(2) 4 ⋅( )
3

n−8 5

⇒ (6) 4
= (6) 2

n−8 5
⇒ =
4 2

⇒ n = 18 .

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DPP Binomial Theorem
Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

9. (4)
1 1824−r 1 r

Let, T r+1
=
1824
Cr (5 6 ) (7 9 )

1824−r r
1824
= Cr (5 6 )(7 9 )

r r
1824 304−
= Cr (5 6 )(7 9 )

Both r

6
and r

9
are integers, if r is a multiple of 18
⇒ r = 0,18,36, . . . . . . , 1818

Let, the number of terms be n


⇒ 1818 = 0 +(n − 1)18

⇒ n = 102 .
10. (4)
40 1 2 3 40
40 40 40 40
(1 + 2√x) = 1 + C (2√x) + C (2√x) + C (2√x) + … + C (2√x)
1 2 3 40

Hence, all the odd terms will have integral powers of x, by substituting x = 1, we get
40
3 = a0 + a1 + a2 +. . . +a40 …(1)

Now consider,
40 1 2 3 40
40 40 40 40
(1 − 2√x) = 1 − C (2√x) + C (2√x) − C (2√x) + … + C (2√x)
1 2 3 40

Substituting x = 1, we get
1 = a0 − a1 + a2 −. . . +a40 …(2)

Adding (1) and (2), we get


40
3 + 1 = 2[a0 + a2 + a3 +. . . +a40 ]
40
3 +1
⇒ =[a0 + a2 + a3 +. . . +a40 ]
2
40
3 +1
Hence, the sum of the coefficients, of integral powers of x will be 2
.
11. (3) (1 + x) 21
+ (1 + x)
22
+. . . +(1 + x)
30

21 1 9
= (1 + x) [1 + (1 + x) +. . . +(1 + x) ]

10
21 ( 1+x ) −1
= (1 + x) [ ]
( 1+x ) −1

1 31 21
= [(1 + x) − (1 + x) ]
x

∴ Coefficient of x in the given expression 5

= Coefficient of x in 5 1

x
[(1 + x)
31
− (1 + x)
21
]

Coefficient of x in [(1 + x) 6 31 21
= − (1 + x) ]

31 21
= C6 − C6

12. (1)
20 60
2 3
(1 + 3x + 3x + x ) = (1 + x)

∴ Coefficient of x 20
in (1 + x) 60
is 60
C20 or 60
C40 .
13. (4)
101 100
2
(1 + x) (1 + x − x)

100 100
2
=(1 + x){(1 + x) (1 − x + x ) }

100
3 3 3 2 2
=(1 + x)(1 + x ) {∵ a + b =(a + b)(a − ab + b )}

100
(1 + x )
3
has 101 terms
100 100 100
3 3 3
(1 + x)(1 + x ) = 1(1 + x ) + x(1 + x )

⇒ No. of terms = 101 + 101 = 202


14. (3) (√3 + 1)
2n 2n

− (√3 − 1)

2n−1 2n−3
2n 2n
= 2[ C1 ⋅ (√3) + C3 ⋅ (√3) + ...]

irrational number.
15. (2) Coefficient of x 10
in the given expansion
15 16 17 30
= C10 + C10 + C10 +. . . C10

10 11 14 15 30 10 11 14
=( C10 + C10 +. . . + C10 + C10 +. . . + C10 )−( C10 + C10 +. . . + C10 )

31 15
= C11 − C11

16. (2)
We know, 25 15 15
= (26 − 1)

15 15 15 14 15
= C 26 − C 26 +. . . . . − C
0 1 15

= 26I − 1 = 26I − 13 + 12 = 13I + 12

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DPP Binomial Theorem
Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

17. (1)
We have
37 36 9 9
3 = 3 ⋅ 3 = 3 ⋅ (81) = 3(80 + 1)

9 9 9 8 9 9
= 3( C 80 + C 80 + … C ⋅ 80 + C )
0 1 8 9

9 8 9 7 9 9
= 3 ⋅( C 80 + C 80 + … C ⋅ 80)+3 ⋅ C
0 1 8 9

9 8 9 7 9
= 3 ⋅( C 80 + C 80 + … C ⋅ 80)+3
0 1 8

9 7 9 6 9
= 3 ⋅ 80 ⋅( C 80 + C 80 + … C )+3
0 1 8

= 80k + 3

where k = 3( 9
C 80
0
7
+
9
C 80
1
6
+ …
9
C )
8

Thus, required remainder is equal to 3.


18. (4)
2008 2007 3×669
3 = 3(3 )= 3(3 )

669 669
= 3 × 27 = 3 × (28 − 1) = 3(28λ − 1)

= 7μ– 3 = 7(μ– 1)+4

∴ Remainder = 4
19. (1)
n
4n (15+1)
2
=
15 15
n n n n−1 n n
( C 15 + C 15 +…….+ C 15+ Cn )
0 1 n−1

=
15
1
= Integer +
15
4n

Hence, the fractional part of is


2 1
.
15 15

20. (1) 3
100 100 100 2 100
400 4 100 100 100
= (3 ) = (81) = (1 + 80) = 1 + C1 (80)+ C2 (80) +. . + C100 (80)

= 1 + 8000 + (Last digit in each term is 0)


∴ Last digit = 1.
21. (2) S
20 20 20 20

= C0 − C1 + C2 + … + C10

We know that,
20 20 20
20
C0 − C1 + C2 − … + C20 = 0

20 20 20 20 20

⇒ 2( C0 − C1 + C2 + … − C9 )+ C10 = 0

20 20 20 20 20
1
⇒ C0 − C1 + C2 … − C9 = − C10
2
20 20 20
So, S = −
1

2
C
10
+ C
10
=
1

2
C
10

22. (2)
We know that
n
2 2 4 2n
(1 + x ) = C0 + C1 x + C2 x + … + Cn x

n
2 3 5 2n+1
⇒ x(1 + x ) = C0 x + C1 x + C2 x + … + Cn x

On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get


n n−1
2 2 2 2 4 2n
(1 + x ) + 2nx (1 + x ) = C0 + 3C1 x + 5C2 x + … +(2n + 1)Cn x

Putting x = 1, we get
n
(n + 1)⋅2 = C0 + 3C1 + 5C2 + … +(2n + 1)Cn

23. (3)
Formula Used :
n n n+1
Cr + C = C
r+1 r+1

Calculations :
5

47
C4 + Ʃ 52−r
C3

r = 1

51 50 49 48 47 47
= C3 + C3 + C3 + C3 + ( C3 + C4 )

51 50 49 48 48
= C3 + C3 + C3 + ( C3 + C4 )

51 50 49 49
= C3 + C3 + ( C3 + C4 )

51 50 50
= C3 +( C3 + C4 )

51 51 52
= C3 + C4 = C
4

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DPP Binomial Theorem
Answer Keys and Solutions BITSAT Crash Course

24. (1) Given , (1 + x − 2x 2


)
6
= 1 + a1 x + a2 x +. . . +a12 x
2 12
...(i)
On putting x = 1 in Equation (i),
we get (1 + 1 − 2) 6
= 1 + a1 + a2 + … + a12

⇒ (0)
6
= 1 + a1 + a2 +. . . +a12 ....(ii)
On putting x = −1 in Equation (i),
we get (1 − 1 − 2) 6
= 1 − a1 + a2 − a3 + … + a12

...(iii)
6
⇒ (−2) = 1 − a1 + a2 − a3 +. . . +a12

On adding Equations (ii) and (iii) we get


6
(−2) = 2(1 + a2 + a4 + … + a12 )

64
⇒ − 1 = a2 + a4 + … + a12
2

∴ a2 + a4 + … + a12 = 31

25. (3)
Given that,
n n n n 2 n n
(1 + x) = C0 + C1 x + C2 x +. . . + Cn x
n n n n
C1 2 C2 3 C3 n Cn
Let S n
=
n
C0
+
n
C1
+
n
C2
+. . . +
n
Cn−1

Put n = 1,2, 3, …, then


1
C1
S1 =
1
= 1 ,
C0
2 2
C1 C2
S2 = + 2
2 2
C0 C1

2 1
= + 2 ⋅ = 2 + 1 = 3
1 2

By taking option, (put n = 1,2, …) (a),(d) and (b) does not hold condition, but option (c) satisfies.
n(n+1)
put n = 1 in 2

n(n+1) 1(1+1)
= = 1
2 2

26. (4)
Given,
n n
1 r
sn = Σ , tn = Σ
n n
Cr Cr
r=0 r=0

Now,
n n
n− ( n−r )
r
tn = Σ = Σ n
n Cn−r
r = 0 Cr r = 0

n n
[∵ Cr = Cn−r ]

n n
1 n−r
= n Σ n
− Σ n
Cn−r Cn−r
r = 0 r=0
n
1 n n−1 1
= n Σ −[ + n
+ … + n
+ 0]
n n Cn−1 C1
Cr Cn
r = 0
n
1
= n ⋅ Sn − Σ = nSn − tn
n
Cr
r = 0

tn
∴ 2tn = n ⋅ Sn = 0 ⇒
Sn
=
n

2
.

27. (1) LHS = ∑


25 50 50−r
Cr C25−r
r=0

25 50! ( 50−r ) !
= ∑
r=0 r! ( 50−r ) ! ( 25−r ) ! ( 25 ) !

25 50! 25!
= ∑
r=0 r! ( 25−r ) ! ( 25 ) ! ( 25 ) !

50 25 25
= C25 ∑ Cr
r=0

50 25
= C25 × 2

25
⇒ K = 2

28. (2)
Let,
20 20 20 20
S = 2. C0 + 5. C1 + 8. C3 +. . . . . . . +62. C20 . . .(i)

S = 62.
20
C0 + 59.
20
C1 + 56.
20
C3 +. . . . . . . +2.
20
C20 . . .(ii) (Writing in reverse order n
Cr =
n
Cn−r )
Adding (i) and (ii)
20 20 20 20
2S = 64( C0 + C1 + C2 +. . . . . + C20 )

20 25
⇒ S = 32.2 = 2

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DPP Binomial Theorem
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29. (1)
We know that ,
n 2 n
(1 + x) = C0 + C1 x + C2 x + … + Cn x

On integrating both sides, from 0 to 1, we get


1
n+1
2 3 n+1 1
( 1+x ) C1 x C2 x Cn x
[ ] = [C0 x + + + … + ]
n+1 2 3 n+1
0
0
n+1
2 −1 C1 C2 Cn
⇒ = C0 + + +. . . +
n+1 2 3 n+1

30. (3) Putting the values of C 0, C2 , C4 ...., we get

n ( n−1 ) n ( n−1 ) ( n−2 ) ( n−3 )


1 + + + …
3⋅2! 5⋅4!

( n+1 ) n ( n−1 )
1
= [(n + 1)+
n+1 3!

( n+1 ) n ( n−1 ) ( n−2 ) ( n−3 )


+ + … ]
5!

Put n + 1 = N

1 N ( N −1 ) ( N −2 )
= [N + ]
N 3!

N ( N −1 ) ( N −2 ) ( N −3 ) ( N −4 )
+ + …
5!

1 N N N
= [ C1 + C3 + C5 + …]
N

n
1 N −1 2
= [2 ]= [∵ N = n + 1]
N n+1

31. (2) Given expansion is (x +


2n
1
)
2x

n
2n n 1
∴ Middle term = Cn (x) ( )
2x

2n! 1⋅3⋅5…(2n−1)
= n
=
n!n!2 n!

32. (2) In the expansion of (x + 2y) 6


,

Since, middle term is ( 6


+ 1)
th
2

6 6−3 3
∴ T4 = T3+1 = C3 x (2y)

6 3
= 8( C3 )(xy)

∴ Coefficient of middle term= 8( 6


C3 )

33. (2)
Here, 2n + 2, is even
∴ , Greatest coefficient
2n+2
= C 2n+2
2

( 2n+2 ) !
=
( n+1 ) ! ( n+1 ) !

( 2n+2 )
=
2
.
{ ( n+1 ) ! }

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34. (3)
n

Given expansion: ( 3

2
+
x

3
)

For numerically greatest term (T r+1 ) in the expansion of


n
(a + b)

n+1
r < < r + 1
∣ a ∣
1+ ∣ ∣
b

n+1
⇒ 5 < < 6
3
∣ ∣
∣ 2 ∣
1+
∣ x ∣

∣ 3 ∣

Put x = 3,
2
⇒ 5 < (n + 1)< 6
5
25
⇒ < n + 1 < 15
2
23
⇒ < n < 14
2

∴ n = 12 or 13

So, the sum of possible values of


n = 12 + 13 = 25

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35. (2)
n

Let's consider (√2 + 1) ,


Using binomial expansion we can expand it in following way,
n n n−r
r
n
(√2 + 1) = ∑ Cr (√2) (1)
r=0

n n−0 n−1 n−2


n 0 n 1 n 2
⇒ (√2 + 1) = C0 (√2) (1) + C1 (√2) (1) + C2 (√2) (1) +. .

Now, it is given that (√2 + 1) = p + β

Let's consider another expansion (√2 − 1)


Since,
(√2 − 1)∈ (0, 1)

⇒ (√2 − 1) ∈(0, 1)

Let, (√2 − 1) = α , where α is a proper fraction as LHS is between 0 and 1.


Using binomial expansion, we get
n n n−r
r
n
(√2 − 1) = ∑ Cr (√2) (−1)
r=0

2
n n−0 n−1 n−2
n 0 n 1 n 2
⇒ (√2 − 1) = C0 (√2) (−1) + C1 (√2) (−1) + C2 (√2) ) (−1) +. .

n n−0 n−1 n−2


n 0 n n 2
⇒ (√2 − 1) = C0 (√2) (−1) − C1 (√2) + C2 (√2) (−1) +. .

Now let's consider cases,


n = 6⇒ n ∈ Even
n n

We can add (√2 − 1) & (√2 + 1) , we get


n
n
(√2 + 1) + (√2 − 1) = p + β + α

n−0 n−1 n−2


0 2
n n n
⇒ p + β + α =[ C0 (√2) (−1) − C1 (√2) + C2 (√2) (−1) +. .]+

n−0 n−1 n−2


n 0 n n 2
[ C0 (√2) (−1) + C1 (√2) + C2 (√2) (−1) +. .]

n−0 n−2
n n 2
⇒ p + β + α = 2[ C0 (√2) (−1)+ C2 (√2) (−1) +. .]

Since,
n ∈ Even
⇒(n, n − 2, n − 4, . . .)∈ even
Therefore, RHS will be an Integer.
p + α + β ∈ Z

as p ∈ Z
α + β ∈ Z

But,
β ∈ (0, 1)

α ∈ (0, 1)

⇒ α + β ∈ (0, 2)

But between 0 and 2 only one integer value exist and that is 1.
β + α = 1

n−0 n−2
n 0 n 2
p + β + α = 2[ C0 (√2) (−1) + C2 (√2) (−1) +. .]

put n = 6,
6−0 n−2
6 0 6 2
⇐ p + β + α = 2[ C0 (√2) (−1) + C2 (√2) (−1) +. .]

6 6−2 6−4 6−6


6 6 6 6
⇒ p + β + α = 2[ C0 (√2) + C2 (√2) + C4 (√2) + C6 (√2) ]

6 3 6 2 6 1 6 0
⇒ p + β + α = 2[ C0 (2) + C2 (2) + C4 (2) + C6 (2) ]

3 2 2 0
⇒ p + 1 = 2[1(2) + 15(2) + 15(2) + 1(2) ]

⇒ p + 1 = 2[8 + 60 + 30 + 1]= 198 ⇒ p = 197

Option 2 is correct.

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36. (2)
Let
2n

G = (7 − 4√3)

Then,
2n 2n

R + G = (7 + 4√3) + (7 − 4√3)

0 2
n n n n−2
⇒ R + G = 2[ C 7 (4√3) + C 7 (4√3) +. . .]
0 2

⇒ R + G = even integer

⇒ 1 + f + G = even integer

⇒ f + G = 1

⇒ G = 1 − f

⇒ RG = R(1 − f )

2n 2n

⇒ R(1 − f )= (7 + 4√3) ⋅ (7 − 4√3)

⇒ R(1 − f )= 1

37. (2)
−1/3
1 −1/3 −1/3 x
= (6 − 3x) = 6 [1 − ]
1/3 2
(6−3x)

1 4
(− ) (− ) 2
3 3
−1/3 1 x x
= 6 [1 +(− )(− )+ (− ) +. . .]
3 2 2.1 2

2
−1/3 x 2x
= 6 [1 + + +. . .]
6 2
6

38. (1)
We have
−2
−2 −2 bx
(a + bx) = a [1 + ]
a

2 2
−2 2bx 3b x
= a (1 − + −. . . .)
a 2
a
2 2
1 2bx 3b x
= − + − … . . . .(i)
2 3 4
a a a

We have
−2 1
(a + bx) = − 3x+. . . . . . .(ii)
4

Comparing (i) and (ii), we get


1 1
= ⇒ a = 2
a
2 4

And,
2b
= 3
3
a
3
⇒ 2b = 3(2) ⇒ b = 12

39. (3) (1 + a − b + c) 9 9! x1 x2 x3 x4
= ∑ ⋅ (1) (a) (−b) (c)
x1 !x2 !x3 !x4 !

3 4 9! 9!
⟹ Coef f icient of a b c = =
1!3!4!1! 3!4!

40. (2) We have,


6 6! r s t
(xy + yz + zx) = Σ (xy) (yz) (zx)
r! s! t!
r+s+t=6

6!
r+t r+s s+t
= Σ x y z
r! s! t!
r+s+t=6

If the general term in the above expansion contains x3y4z5, then


r + t = 3, r + s = 4 and s + t = 5
Also, r + s + t = 6
On solving these equations, we get
r = 1, s = 3, t = 2
∴ Coefficient of x3y4z5 =
6!
= 60
1!3!2!

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