(BASED ON ALL DISCRIMINATION IN PAST AND PRESENT)

Malady( 'Malady' means a problem within a system or organization) is a story which shows the
mistakes made in Mahabharat, Ramayana, Garudapuranam and Bhagvad Gita. It talks about caste
discrimination. And tells us why it should be talked by everyone. It also talks about the silent caste
discrimination cases going around us. Also talks on feminism and racism.

CHAPTER-1 (CASTE IS THE WASTE)

In Mahabharatam and Ramayana are the epics of India and additionally called the "Pride of
India". It is also read by many people from outside India. But the both epics talks about the
freaking caste very well.

1.1 Mahabharat

The Mahabharata, one of the longest epic poems in the world, does contain references to varna
(often referred to as "caste"). However, it is important to understand the historical context and
interpretations of these references.

In the Mahabharata, varna is mentioned in various contexts, primarily in relation to the four main
varnas: Brahmanas (priests, scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors, rulers), Vaishyas (merchants,
farmers), and Shudras (laborers, service providers). These varnas are depicted as distinct social
groups with different duties and responsibilities.

It is crucial to note that while the Mahabharata acknowledges varna divisions, it also emphasizes
that an individual's worth should be based on their qualities, actions, and character rather than
their birth or varna. The epic highlights that one's conduct and virtues determine their true merit
and social standing.

The Mahabharata provides examples of individuals transcending their assigned varnas and
achieving greatness based on their personal qualities and actions. For instance, Ekalavya, who
belonged to a lower varna, demonstrated exceptional skill in archery and attained mastery despite
his social background. This exemplifies the importance of individual merit rather than rigid
adherence to varna divisions.

Furthermore, the Mahabharata contains teachings that emphasize the universality of spiritual
knowledge and the importance of inner qualities over external designations. It promotes the idea
that all individuals, regardless of varna, can strive for self-realization and spiritual growth.

However, it is worth noting that over time, social interpretations and practices surrounding varna
have varied, and the caste system, with its rigid hierarchy and discrimination, developed as a result.
These later interpretations and practices cannot be directly attributed to the teachings of the
Mahabharata itself, which presents a more nuanced understanding of varna.

When approaching the Mahabharata or any ancient text, it is essential to consider the broader
message of spiritual and moral guidance it offers, while being aware of the historical and cultural
context in which it was composed.

1.2 Ramayana

The Ramayana, an ancient Hindu epic, does not extensively focus on the topic of caste. While it
mentions varna (commonly translated as "caste"), it is important to understand that the primary
themes of the Ramayana revolve around righteousness, duty, devotion, and the epic's central
narrative of Lord Rama's journey.

In the Ramayana, varna is occasionally referenced, primarily in relation to the four main varnas:
Brahmanas (priests, scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors, rulers), Vaishyas (merchants, farmers), and
Shudras (laborers, service providers). However, these references are not a central aspect of the
epic's teachings or storyline.

The Ramayana focuses more on moral values, virtues, and ethical conduct rather than reinforcing
caste-based hierarchies or discrimination. It presents ideals such as dharma (righteousness),
compassion, loyalty, and devotion to God. The characters and their actions are often used as
examples to convey the importance of virtuous living and adherence to one's duty.

While the epic acknowledges the existence of varna divisions, it does not promote rigid notions of
social hierarchy or discrimination based on caste. It emphasizes the importance of personal
qualities, character, and actions over one's birth or varna. The epic portrays individuals from
different backgrounds achieving greatness through their actions and devotion to dharma.

It is crucial to note that later interpretations and societal practices associated with caste may have
evolved over time, but they are not necessarily reflective of the core teachings and messages
conveyed in the Ramayana itself.

When engaging with the Ramayana, it is important to approach the text with an understanding of
its broader spiritual and moral teachings, while being aware of the cultural and historical context in
which it was composed.

1.3 Bhagvad Gita

The Bhagavad Gita, a revered Hindu scripture, does mention the concept of varna, which is often
associated with the caste system in India. However, it is important to understand the context and
interpretation of these references.

In Chapter 4, Verse 13 of the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna states, "The four divisions of human
society, according to the three modes of material nature and the work associated with them, are
created by Me." This verse is often cited to suggest a connection between varna (commonly
translated as "caste") and the inherent qualities or abilities of individuals.

It is crucial to note that the concept of varna in the Bhagavad Gita is not based on birth or
hereditary factors but on a person's qualities, aptitudes, and occupational duties. The Gita
emphasizes that varna is determined by an individual's nature (guna) and their work or vocation
(karma), rather than their caste of birth.

Lord Krishna further explains in Chapter 18, Verses 41-44, that the division of society based on
varna is natural and necessary for the proper functioning of society. He describes the different
duties and responsibilities associated with each varna: Brahmanas (scholars, teachers, priests),
Kshatriyas (warriors, rulers), Vaishyas (merchants, farmers), and Shudras (laborers, service
providers). However, these divisions are meant to reflect diversity in societal roles, not to promote
discrimination or social hierarchy.

It is essential to interpret the Bhagavad Gita's teachings on varna with a focus on the spiritual
message it conveys, which emphasizes one's qualities, actions, and devotion to God rather than
promoting or endorsing the caste-based discrimination that has unfortunately emerged in certain
social contexts over time.

1.4 Garuda Purana

The Garuda Purana, a text within Hindu literature, primarily focuses on various aspects of death,
the afterlife, and the concepts of karma and liberation. While the Garuda Purana contains
extensive discussions on topics such as the journey of the soul after death, rituals, and moral
teachings, it does not extensively address or speak directly about the caste system or varna
(commonly translated as "caste").
The primary themes of the Garuda Purana revolve around the cycle of life and death, the
consequences of one's actions (karma), and the paths to liberation (moksha). It provides guidance
on how to lead a righteous life, fulfill one's duties, and attain spiritual liberation.

It is worth noting that the caste system, as it is understood in modern times with its rigid
hierarchical structure and discrimination, developed and evolved over centuries, often influenced
by social and cultural factors. The Garuda Purana, being an ancient text, predates the specific
codification of the caste system as it is known today.

While the Garuda Purana may mention social divisions or occupational groups in passing, it
primarily emphasizes the spiritual aspects of life and death, focusing on moral values, rituals, and
spiritual practices that can lead to liberation from the cycle of rebirth.

When studying the Garuda Purana or any ancient text, it is important to approach it with an
understanding of its cultural and historical context. While certain social divisions or references may
be present, it is essential to focus on the broader spiritual and moral teachings conveyed within the
text rather than using it as a source for a comprehensive understanding of the caste system.