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1102. Aedh. This Aedh is stated to have reigned as monarch of
Ireland from A.D. 568 to 594.
1103. Building. Cro; lit. a ‘sty,’ ‘pen,’ or ‘hut.’
1104. Small allowance. Teirci; lit. ‘scarcity.’
1105. Collar. Culpait. The etymology of this word is given in
Cormac’s Glossary, as cail-fuit; cail, ‘a defence;’ and fuit, ‘cold.’
Duald mac Firbis explains it by coiléir, ‘collar.’ See Stokes’s Cormac,
p. 33.
1106. Hood. Att; properly at, from Engl. ‘hat,’ as hood is from
Anglo-Sax. hod, Germ. hut. Comp. atcluig (glossed ‘galea’); lit. ‘skull-
hat,’ or helmet, and at anach, (gl. ‘caputiatus’) Stokes’s Irish
Glosses, p. 40.
1107. Henceforth. Iarmotha; lit. afterwards. In the preface to the
Amra in Leabar Breac (p. 238 c), the corresponding expression is re
la, ‘during its day.’
1108. The poet. Keating says that the poet was St. Molaisse, the
person by whose award Colum Cille was sent into exile. History of
Ireland; reign of Domhnall, son of Aedh.
1109. In a boat. In ethar. In eirinn, ‘to Eriu,’ Leabar Breac and
Yellow Book of Lecan.
1110. Avenged. Gu n-aithfed fair; lit. ‘that he would avenge it on
him.’ In the Leabar Breac and Yellow Book of Lecan, the
corresponding expression is, go mairfed é, ‘that he (Aedh) would kill
him.’
1111. Assembly. Airecht. The general meaning of the word airecht
(deriv. from aire, a ‘chief,’ or ‘leader’) is an assembly, or conference;
but as used here, it might, perhaps, be more properly translated in
the narrower sense of a ‘party.’
1112. Them; i.e. Colum Cille and his company. In the preface to
the Amra in Leabar Breac and the Yellow Book of Lecan, the words
used are na clerig, ‘the clerics.’
1113. Men. m̄ (for mac), lit. ‘sons,’ or ‘youths.’
1114. Wounded. Briste; lit. ‘broken.’
1115. Bells. Ceolán. Ceolán, the dim. of ceol, ‘music,’ is a very
general name for a bell of any size, although glossographers usually
describe it as ‘a small bell.’ But the word ceolán is often met in
connection with the adj. bec, ‘little,’ as ceolán bec, ‘a little bell.’—
Book of Lismore, 117.
1116. Against him. Fair; lit. ‘upon him.’
1117. Conall Clogach. ‘Conall of the bells.’ In Irish history he is
generally called the righ-oinmhid, or ‘royal simpleton.’
1118. Kingship. This means that Colum Cille declared him
disqualified from succeeding to the kingship.
1119. Bade him welcome. Do fer failti fris; lit. ‘gave welcome to
him.’
1120. Blessings. Briathra; lit. ‘words,’ or ‘promises.’
1121. Fifty. Domhnall only reigned from 628 to 642.
1122. The queen. A. L. has do Aed, ‘to Aedh’ (the king). But the
copies of the preface to the Amra in the Leabar Breac, and Yellow
Book of Lecan, have don rigain, ‘to the queen.’
1123. Her son. Conall was the queen’s son, and Domhnall her
step-son.
1124. Crane-cleric. Corr-chlerech. This contemptuous expression
was probably used in allusion to St. Colum Cille’s tall stature, alta
proceritas, as Oswald describes his shade (Adamnan, lib. i. cap. 1).
1125. Granted. Do cedaig; lit. ‘he allowed,’ ‘consented.’
1126. Cranes, or rather herons. Cuirr, pl. of corr, a heron.
1127. Druim-ceta (pron. ‘Drum-Ketta’). Dr. Reeves identifies this
place with the mound called the Mullagh (lit. summit) in Roe Park,
near Newtownlimavady, Co. Londonderry.
1128. Crane-work. Corrsuidhe, A. L. But the preface in Lebor na
hUidre has (better) Corraigecht. This word has two meanings. It
means, firstly, the action of a crane (corr), and might be rendered
‘crane-ing,’ or screaming like a crane; and in the next place, it
signifies incessant movement, from corra, to move. The author
evidently intended to be facetious.
1129. Herons. Cuirr-lena; lit. ‘marsh-herons.’
1130. Live still. For many centuries after the date to which the
convention of Druim-Ceta is referred, as tradition states, these two
herons frequented the part of the river Roe, near the place supposed
to be the site of Druim-ceta, or Dorsum-cete.
1131. On seeing the cleric. Oc facsin in clerig, L. B. Omitted in A.
L.
1132. The corresponding Irish words are wanting in A. L.
1133. Will sing. Do genat; lit. ‘they will make.’
1134. Cormac. Cormac, son of Art, son of Conn, king of Ireland in
the third century.
1135. Rhetoric. Rithorig. In the Yellow Book of Lecan, preface, the
word is rithlerg, i.e. an extemporaneous rhapsody.
1136. Scannlan. See p. 495.
1137. Take off my shoes. Frithailas m’assa; lit. ‘will attend my
shoes.’
1138. Dubh-regles. Black church, or Black abbey-church. See
Colton’s Visitation (ed. Reeves), pp. 20, 56.
1139. They ... went. Do imigh siat, A. L.; ro imdigset, L. B. The
Yellow Book of Lecan has ro imthig, ‘he went,’ which seems the
more correct, as the subsequent part of the narrative makes no
reference to the angel’s journey to Derry.
1140. Westwards. Siar. This is probably an error for sair,
‘eastwards,’ as the chancel was doubtless in the eastern part of the
church.
1141. Successors. Fer thinaid; lit. ‘thy locum-tenens.’ The tradition
of this imprecation is not yet extinct in Scannlan’s country of Ossory;
and some Ossorians even go so far as to say that stuttering is a
characteristic of Scannlan’s descendants.
1142. Enough for three. Dabach trir; lit. ‘a vat of three.’
1143. Great bachall. Mor bachall. This celebrated crozier, sent with
Scannlan for his protection, is stated to have been subsequently
preserved in the monastery of Durrow, in the King’s County.
(Reeves’s Adamnan, p. 324.)
1144. Died. Ba marb; lit. ‘was dead.’
1145. Cause; i.e. of Colum Cille’s coming to Ireland.
1146. In place of. Fri laim; lit. ‘to the hand;’ but idiomatically
signifying ‘instead of,’ or ‘with the approval of.’
1147. Two young boys. In the Leabar Breac and other copies of
the Amra Preface the words are teora mná ocus maccoem óc; ‘three
women and a young boy.’
1148. Arms. Na uchd; lit. ‘into his bosom.’
1149. Rent. Cain. This word anciently meant a penal tax, or fine.
But in later times it was used in the sense of ‘tribute.’
1150. Preface. The Preface to the Amra (or Eulogy) he had
composed for Colum Cille.
1151. It; the Amra itself.
1152. Island; i.e. Ireland. Here ends the quotation from A. L. which
begins supra, p. 494.
1153. Consoling. Ca comdidnd; lit. ‘protecting’ or ‘sheltering.’
1154. Toads. Loscaind. This word is used to signify toads, frogs,
and other such reptiles. In a tract on the History of the Children of
Israel, in the Leabar Breac, the ‘ranæ’ of Exodus, cap. viii., is
rendered by loscind, so that we should probably translate ‘frogs’
instead of ‘toads.’
1155. Those brethren; viz. the brethren who were beside Colum
Cille in the recles, or church.
1156. Sabhall. The word Sabhall is in Irish employed to denote a
‘barn.’ The church of Saul, in the Co. Down, Ireland, has taken its
name from it.
1157. Attendant. Foss; which, though used here as a noun, is
more usually employed as an adj., with the meaning ‘resident.’ See
O’Donovan’s Supplt. to O’Reilly’s Irish Dict., v. fos.
1158. Garran, a work-horse or hack. The corresponding word used
by Adamnan is ‘caballus,’ from which comes the mod. Irish capall.
The old Irish for ‘garran’ is gerrán, which seems derived from gerrad,
‘to cut,’ the ‘garran’ being always a ‘cut’ horse.
1159. Colum. This statement, taken from A. L., is not in L. B. or L.
It is found, however, in the Book of Fenagh. See Kelly’s edit. (Dublin,
1875), p. 209.
1160. Certain. The orig. of this paragraph and the following one
occurs only in A. L.
1161. Inish-bo-finne: ‘the island of the white cow.’ Now Bophin
Island, off the coast of Mayo. The Annals of Ulster give Bishop
Colman’s ‘pausat’ under A.D. 676.
1162. Paganism. Geinntlighecht; lit. ‘gentilism.’
1163. Names. Ainm; lit. ‘name.’
1164. Would not have. Nis gebed; lit. ‘would not take.’
1165. Protégé. The word dalta, ordinarily used to signify ‘foster-
child,’ is also employed as a term of endearment. Adamnan calls
Diarmait ‘minister’ and ‘ministrator.’
1166. [Immediately.] Fo cedoir. Om. in L. B. and L.
1167. Utter. Do gnid; lit. ‘would make.’
1168. ‘Three fifties.’ The Psalms.
1169. In the sea. Isin liur. Liur is the abl. of ler, ‘the sea.’ But we
should probably understand ‘seashore.’
1170. When. The orig. of this sentence is only found in A. L.
1171. Blow it away. Conidsetad gaeth; i.e. the mark of his ribs was
imprinted, through his clothing, in the sand, until defaced by the
action of the wind blowing the loose sand over the mark. This stanza
is somewhat different in the Preface to the Amra in Lebor na hUidre.
1172. And. From this down to the bracket on p. 507 is translated
from A. L., the corresponding Irish being omitted in L. B. and L.
1173. Savoury things. Ionmar; the Irish for ‘dripping,’ or
‘seasoning.’ Colgan translates it ‘obsonium’ (Acta SS., p. 734).
1174. Kept vigil. Figlis; a verb from figil, ‘vigil.’ It is the third sg.
pres. indic., but is here used in the pret. sense.
1175. Him. The person here alluded to was probably Judas
Iscariot.
1176. Disciple. Dalta. A foster-child. See note 1165, p. 505.
1177. Church. Neimedh = nemed (gl. Sacellum.—Zeuss, Gram.
Celt. 11).
1178. Which the wave frequents. Gus ataithig tonn; ‘to which a
wave frequents.’ The allusion in this expression is rather obscure.
1179. Fulness. Comlantas; lit. ‘completeness,’ from comlan,
‘complete,’ ‘perfect.’
1180. Explains. The explanation is not very explanatory, and
seems to have no reference to Colum Cille, unless we may assume
that it was intended to describe the chalices as made of the same
materials as the party (foirend) of Crimthann’s chessmen.
1181. Could take it. Nosberaidh, A. L. The reading in the Amra
Lebor na hUidre is nisbeir, ‘carries it not.’
1182. Party. Foirend; lit. ‘a crew,’ or ‘company.’
1183. Findruine. A metal, the constituents of which are not well
known. O’Clery describes it as prás go n-air-gead buailte, ‘brass,
with silver hammered on it.’—Mart. Donegal. App. to Introduction, xli.
1184. Cumhals. A standard of value frequently mentioned in the
Brehon Laws as worth three cows. Here ends the addition from A. L.,
which begins with the bracket, p. 505, supra.
1185. Of them; i.e. of the days that elapsed since St. Colum Cille’s
death.
II.
This rule was first printed by Dr. Reeves from a MS. in the
Burgundian Library at Brussels, with a translation by the late
Professor O’Curry, in the Appendix to Primate Colton’s Visitation of
Derry, printed for the Irish Archæological Society. It was again
printed in Haddan and Stubbs’ Councils, vol. ii. p. 119. The
translation alone is here given.
The Rule of Colum Cille beginneth.
Be alone in a separate place near a chief city, if thy conscience is
not prepared to be in common with the crowd.
Be always naked in imitation of Christ and the Evangelists.
Whatsoever little or much thou possessest of anything, whether
clothing, or food, or drink, let it be at the command of the senior and
at his disposal, for it is not befitting a religious to have any distinction
of property with his own free brother.
Let a fast place, with one door, enclose thee.
A few religious men to converse with thee of God and His
Testament; to visit thee on days of solemnity; to strengthen thee in
the Testaments of God and the narratives of the Scriptures.
A person too who would talk with thee in idle words, or of the
world; or who murmurs at what he cannot remedy or prevent, but
who would distress thee more should he be a tattler between friends
and foes, thou shalt not admit him to thee, but at once give him thy
benediction should he deserve it.
Let thy servant be a discreet, religious, not tale-telling man, who is
to attend continually on thee, with moderate labour of course, but
always ready.
Yield submission to every rule that is of devotion.
A mind prepared for red martyrdom.
A mind fortified and steadfast for white martyrdom.
Forgiveness from the heart to every one.
Constant prayers for those who trouble thee.
Fervour in singing the office for the dead, as if every faithful dead
was a particular friend of thine.
Hymns for souls to be sung standing.
Let thy vigils be constant from eve to eve, under the direction of
another person.
Three labours in the day, viz., prayer, work, and reading.
The work to be divided into three parts, viz., thine own work, and
the work of thy place, as regards its real wants; secondly, thy share
of the brethren’s work; lastly, to help the neighbours, viz., by
instruction, or writing, or sewing garments, or whatever labour they
may be in want of, ut Dominus ait, ‘Non apparebis ante me vacuus.’
Everything in its proper order; Nemo enim coronabitur nisi qui
legitime certaverit.
Follow almsgiving before all things.
Take not of food till thou art hungry.
Sleep not till thou feelest desire.
Speak not except on business.
Every increase which comes to thee in lawful meals, or in wearing
apparel, give it for pity to the brethren that want it, or to the poor in
like manner.
The love of God with all thy heart and all thy strength.
The love of thy neighbour as thyself.
Abide in the Testaments of God throughout all times.
Thy measure of prayer shall be until thy tears come;
Or thy measure of work of labour till thy tears come;
Or thy measure of thy work of labour, or of thy genuflexions, until
thy perspiration often comes, if thy tears are not free.
Finit.
III.
CATALOGUE OF RELIGIOUS HOUSES, at the end of the Chronicle
of Henry of Silgrave, c. A.D. 1272, so far as it relates to Scotland.
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