Software Configuration Management (SCM) is a process that identifies, tracks, controls,

and audits all changes to a software system and its configuration items (CIs). CIs can
include source code, documentation, test cases, and other artifacts that are essential to the
development, deployment, and operation of the system.

The SCM process helps to ensure that the software system is always in a known and
controlled state, and that changes are made in a controlled and coordinated manner. This is
essential for maintaining the quality and reliability of the software system, as well as for
preventing costly and disruptive problems.

The following is a diagram of a typical SCM process:

The SCM process can be divided into the following steps:

1. Identification: The first step is to identify all of the CIs that need to be managed. This
may include source code, documentation, test cases, build scripts, configuration files,
and other artifacts.
2. Version control: Once the CIs have been identified, they need to be placed under
version control. This means that every change to a CI is tracked and recorded, so that
it can be rolled back if necessary.
3. Change control: All changes to CIs must be approved through a change control
process. This ensures that changes are made in a controlled and coordinated manner,
and that the impact of changes on the software system is assessed and mitigated.
4. Configuration audit: The SCM process also includes a configuration audit process.
This involves periodically reviewing the software system to ensure that it is in a known
and controlled state.
5. Status reporting: The SCM team provides regular status reports to stakeholders on
the status of the SCM process and any changes to the software system.
The SCM process is an essential part of the software development life cycle (SDLC). It
helps to ensure the quality and reliability of the software system, and to prevent costly and
disruptive problems.

Here are some of the benefits of implementing a sound SCM process:

● Improved software quality and reliability: By tracking and managing all changes to the
software system, the SCM process helps to ensure that the system is always in a
known and controlled state. This helps to prevent errors and defects from being
introduced into the system.
● Reduced risk of outages and disruptions: By controlling changes to the software
system, the SCM process helps to reduce the risk of outages and disruptions. This is
because changes are only made after they have been thoroughly tested and approved.
● Improved efficiency and productivity: The SCM process can help to improve the
efficiency and productivity of the software development team by providing a centralized
repository for all CIs and automating many of the tasks involved in change
management.
● Enhanced compliance: The SCM process can help organizations to comply with
industry regulations and standards that require them to track and manage changes to
their software systems.

Overall, the SCM process is an essential tool for ensuring the quality, reliability, and security
of software systems.