LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 8

The Effects on Water Content That Influence the

Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

28/11 – 2/12/2022 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Overview of the research:

Explaining the general introduction regarding

waste plastic oil, emulsions and ultrasonication
technology.

Problem statement:

Explain in detail the issues that is in need for

this study by addressing the problem arises.
Commercial biodiesel emitted more CO and
CO2 and can cause global warming are
addressed in the problem statement.

Proposed objectives:

- To identify the suitable amount of water

content needed for the fuel to be fully
efficient.
- To test the performance by evaluating its
emission.
- To study the effect of emulsify fuel at
different temperature and pressure.

Project scope:

Raw material will be given by Syngas Sdn. Bhd.

which is waste plastic oil (WPO) that produced
from medical waste which contains 50% of
 water and 50% of fuel.
The fuel will be emulsified with different
percentage of water content by using
ultrasonication.
The emission of emulsified fuel will be
evaluated at the different temperature and
pressure.

Significance of the study:

This study’s finding will redound to society’s

benefit, considering WPO emits lower carbon
dioxide compared to commercial diesel. Thus,
WPO can reduced the enormous amount of
plastic waste in the landfill since mostly people
in Malaysia use non-degradable plastic bag.
Moreover, WPO can be alternative source of
energy. The technology can lessen the demand
for extracting, transporting, and burning fossil
fuels while enhancing the energy security of a
community.

Weekly Summary:

Writing the draft for Chapter 1 and send the

draft to my supervisor.
Supervisor’s Signature:

Student’s Signature:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman binti Wahidin

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
3. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
4. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 9

The Effects on Water Content That Influence

the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

5/12 – 9/12/2022 Proposed objectives:

- To investigate the viscosity of emulsified

fuel with different percentage of water
content.
- To analyze the performance of the
emulsified WPO by evaluating its properties.
- To compare the properties of the emulsified
WPO with the crude WPO.

Project scope:

a different percentage of water that is 10%,

20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% will be added to the
fuel before the mixed samples are emulsified
using ultrasonic technology. Next, the viscosity
of the emulsified fuels will be investigate using a
machine named Brookfield viscometer model
LVDV2T with spindle number 40Z and 52Z. The
performance of the emulsified fuel will be
analyzed by evaluating its properties which are
the emission of CO and CO2, flash point, the
viscosity, and the lubricity of the emulsified fuel.
the analyzed properties of the emulsified fuel
with different amount of percentage of water
must be compared with the crude WPO to know
which emulsified fuel gives the best
performance.
 Weekly Summary:

Had a meeting with my supervisor and she

corrected my objectives and scope of objectives
and asked for me to add some additional
information in the problem statement.

Supervisor’s Signature:
Student’s Signature:

Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
binti Wahidin

Date: 18/1/2023
Date: 18/1/2023
Note:
5. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
6. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 10

The Effects on Water Content That Influence
the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

12/12 – 16/12/2022 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Waste Plastic Oil

Waste Plastic Oil (WPO) is a different source of

renewable energy that can be used in place of
fuel in diesel engine, boilers, cement factory,
and steel mill since WPO has physical
properties and a carbon chain characteristic
that is similar to diesel fuel.

Emulsions

An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids

that are normally incompatible but adopt on a
macroscopic homogenous and microscopic
heterogeneous appearance under certain
transformation processes.
Weekly Summary:

Had a meeting with my supervisor to check my

draft of Chapter 2 and my supervisor gave
advice on how to write Chapter 3.
Supervisor’s Signature:
Student’s Signature:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman
binti Wahidin

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
7. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
8. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 11

The Effects on Water Content That Influence

the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

19/12 – 23/12/2022 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

This methodology is consisting of three major

parts:
- Various amounts of water will be added to
the crude WPO.
- Emulsification of water-in-oil by using
ultrasonication technology.
- Analyzed the properties of emulsified WPO
which are the emission of carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide, viscosity, flash point,
and lubricity and comparing the resulted
properties with the crude WPO.

Weekly Summary:

Submitted the draft of Chapter 3 to my

supervisor for her to check.
Reviewing several research related to the
emulsification of water-in-oil, and the
parameters used in this study.
Supervisor’s Signature:

Student’s Signature: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
Rozaiman binti Wahidin

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
9. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
10. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 12

The Effects on Water Content That Influence

the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

26/12 – 30/12/2022 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Types of emulsions

Three different classifications of emulsions that

can be identified are oil-in-water (O/W), water-
in-oil (W/O), and oil-in-oil (O/O).

Emulsions stability

Emulsion stability refers to an emulsion's ability

to endure changes in its properties over time;
the more stable an emulsion is, the more slowly
its properties change.

Weekly Summary:

Reviewing journals to add some more

information in my Chapter 2. Had a meeting
with my supervisor via phone call. My
supervisor done checking my Chapter 3 and
asked me to do correction.
Supervisor’s Signature:
Student’s Signature: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor
Rozaiman Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
binti Wahidin

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
11. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
12. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 13

The Effects on Water Content That Influence

the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

2/1 – 6/1/2023 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Emulsion instability

The examples physical instability of emulsions

is creaming, flocculation, sedimentation,
coalescence, phase inversion, and Ostwald
ripening.

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

From this study, viscosity of the emulsion fuel

will be increased as the amount of water in the
fuel increase. Numerous researchers claim that
adding water tends to lower the cetane number,
which ultimately causes the emulsified fuel's
ignition to take longer to ignite.

Weekly Summary:

Did correction in Chapter 3 according to my

supervisor and wrote literature review about
emulsion instability. Also, information about the
ultrasonication technology. Supervisor’s Signature:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana
Student’s Signature: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor
binti Wahidin
Rozaiman

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
13. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
14. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)
 LOGBOOK ENGINEERING FINAL YEAR PROJECT

Name: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor Rozaiman Student ID No. 55221119125 _

Project Title Week 14

The Effects on Water Content That Influence

the Performance of Plastic Oil Emulsion Via
Ultrasonication

COMMENTS BY
DATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
SUPERVISOR

9/1 – 13/1/2023 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Ultrasonication technology

Emulsion preparation by ultrasonic irradiations

is an efficient method for reducing the mean
droplet diameter size (MDDS) and is suitable for
tiny test benches. The most essential
parameters for ultrasonication emulsification are
frequency, ultrasonication time, and radiation
power.

Properties of the emulsified fuel

An emulsion's viscosity, which is determined by

the correlation between stress and shear rate,
is directly proportional to the continuous phase's
viscosity. Typically, highly viscous oils produce
more stable emulsions.
Weekly Summary:

Completed writing proposal for EFYP 1.

Compiled all the documents needed before Supervisor’s Signature:

submitting to the FYP’s coordinator. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suzana

Student’s Signature: Nur Adriana Amirah binti Noor binti Wahidin

Rozaiman

Date: 18/1/2023 Date: 18/1/2023

Note:
15. Students and Supervisor signatures to be done at the end of task and comments.
16. Attach additional resources (information, sketch, design, data, articles, journals, etc)