Rule 5: Integration by Parts

 Integration by parts formula states that  udv  uv   vdu .

2x
 This method is used to integrate products of functions such as  xe dx ,  x ln xdx ,
Page | 1
 x sin xdx .
 Given a product of two terms  u  dv  to integrate i.e.  udv , the ‘ u part’ is that term that
becomes a constant after successive differentiation and the ‘ dv part’ is that term can be
integrated from standard integrals
 In the case where ln x is involved, the same is chosen as the ‘ u part’.
Example 5
Determine:
2
a)  x ln xdx
2
b)  x cos xdx
3x
c)  2 xe dx
d)  4 x sin xdx
e)  ln xdx
Solution 5 (a)
2
 x ln xdx  write the formula 
 udv  uv   vdu since ln x is involved, it is chosen as the 'u part' and x 2 dx as 'dv part'
du 1 dx
u  ln x, and  implyning that du 
dx x x
2 1 3
x x
dv  x 2 dx, and v   dv   x 2 dx  
2 1 3
 udv  uv   vdu
2  x3  x 3 dx  x 3 dx 1 2 
 x ln xdx   ln x   3    3 . x  remember that  3 . x  3  x dx 
 
2 x3 1 1 2 1 x 2 1 3
x 
 x ln xdx  ln x   x 2 dx   x dx  .  
3 3 3 3  2  1 9 
x3 x3
  x 2 ln xdx  ln x   c
3 9

By Emmanuel Mwaba, Northern Technical College. Chela Campus, Ndola.

Solution 5(b)
2
 x cos xdx  write the formula 
 udv  uv   vdu  x 2 is chosen as the 'u part' and cos xdx as 'dv part'
du Page | 2
u  x 2 , and  2 x implyning that du  2 xdx
dx
dv  cos xdx, and v   dv   cos xdx  sin x

 udv  uv   vdu
 x cos xdx   x   sin x     sin x  .  2 xdx 
2 2
integrate 2 x sin xdx by parts 
  
 udv  uv   vdu u  2 x, du  2dx, dv  sin x, v   cos x 
 2 x sin xdx   2 x   cos x      cos x  2dx
 2 x sin xdx  2 x cos x  2 cos xdx
 2 x sin xdx  2 x cos x  2sin x  k
 x cos xdx   x   sin x    2 x cos x  2sin x  k 
2 2

2 2
 x cos xdx  x sin x  2 x cos x  2 sin x  k  let  k  c 
2 2
  x cos xdx  x sin x  2 x cos x  2sin x  c

Solution 5 (c)
3x
 2 xe ln xdx  write the formula 
 udv  uv   vdu  let 2 x be chosen as the 'u part' and e3 x dx as 'dv part'
du
u  2 x, and  2 implyning that du  2dx
dx
1
dv  e3 x dx, and v   dv   e3 x dx  e3 x
3
 udv  uv   vdu
3x  e3 x  e3 x  e3 x 1 3x 1 e3 x e3 x 
 2 xe dx   2 x    dx
 remember that 3 dx  e dx  . 
3
 
 3  3  3 3 9 
2 xe3 x e3 x
  2 xe3 x dx   c
3 9

By Emmanuel Mwaba, Northern Technical College. Chela Campus, Ndola.

Solution 5(d)

 4 x sin xdx  write the formula 

 let 4 x be chosen as the 'u part' and sin xdx as 'dv part' Page | 3
 udv  uv   vdu
du
u  4 x, and  4 implyning that du  4dx
dx
dv  sin xdx, and v   dv   sin xdx   cos x

 udv  uv   vdu
 remember that
 4 x sin xdx   4 x   cos x      cos x 4dx     cos x  4dx  4 cos xdx  4sin x 
 4 x sin xdx  4 x cos x   4sin x   c
  4 x sin xdx  4 x cos x  4sin x  c

Solution 5 (e)

 ln xdx  write the formula 

 udv  uv   vdu  let ln x be chosen as the 'u part' and dx as 'dv part'
du 1 dx
u  ln x, and  implyning that du 
dx x x
dv  dx, and v   dv   dx  x

 udv  uv   vdu
dx  dx 
 ln xdx   ln x  x     x  x  remember that  x. x   dx  x 

  ln xdx  x ln x  x  c

Exercise 5
Determine:

a)  x sin xdx
2x
b)  xe dx
c)  x cos xdx
2
d)  x sin xdx

By Emmanuel Mwaba, Northern Technical College. Chela Campus, Ndola.