The Ulster Plantation

The Nine Years War -Asked Philip II of

Spain for help.
-1594- a great rebellion
broke out against English -The Battle of
rule in Ireland. Kinsale (1601);
Spanish Armada
-Lead by Hugh O’Neill, arrived here only to
the Earl of Tyrone, this be defeated by an
was a last ditch effort by English army led by
the Gaelic Irish lords to Lord Mountjoy.
slow the extension of
British rule into Ireland.

The size of Hugh O’Neill

estates was The Plantation in Practice
-1607: Flight of the Earls;
capped at O’Neill and the Ulster nobility
-Started 1609.
2,000 acres, fled to Rome.
-Fermanagh, Armagh, Tyrone,
unlike the Derry, Donegal and Cavan -The new king James I
Munster were planted. confiscated their lands.

plantation.
-County Derry
-Many Scottish Presbyterians
was given over to
(converted by John Knox) came to
the control of the
Ulster at this time. Like servitors,
-Servitors (men who had
London Trade
they would not be driven from
served in the English army
Guilds. It was
their land.
during the Nine Years War)
renamed
were awarded land.
Londonderry.
-Tories (Gaelic Irish who
-Undertakers built
lost their land) were often
stone houses and
forced to live as outlaws, bawns (stone-walled
defensive enclosures)
scavenging for food and
to protect themselves.
attacking settlers. E.g. Tully Castle, Co.
Fermanagh.
-The use of land changed -Towns such as
radically. Belfast and Omagh
were built. Towns
Before; pastoral farming offered planters greater
(keeping sheep and cows) protection.
After; arable farming (growing -Irish labourers continued to work the land as they had
crops like wheat and oats) done before the plantation, but land ownership had
changed.
-Flax became a popular crop.
Later during the industrial -The native population lost control of the land and this
revolution this attracted industry created a level of resentment that would grow over the
to 19th century Ulster. centuries.