419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export “A HEXAGON CAESAR II Applications Guide Hexagon Documentation Generated 04/19/2024 hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 se87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Overview Refer to this guide for tutorials of complete systems and examples of specific piping components. ‘Tutorial A and Tutorial B show the modeling and analysis workflows of a complete system, Work through the tutorials if you have not previously used CAESAR II. Use the following techniques and methods to model individual piping components: + Bends + Restraints + Hangers + Expansion Joints: Examples illustrate the use of CAESAR II for piping problems, seldom-used components, or unusual geometries. Customer Support Wi-Piracy Statement (Copyright © 1985-2020, Hexagon AB andlor ils subsidiaries and alates Documentation updates available from Hexagon PPM Documentation Published: 4/16/2020 at 10:36 AM hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Tutorial A - Create a typical piping system This tutorial provides step-by-step instructions for defining a typical piping system, analyzing flexibility and stresses, and reporting results. This process includes: + Creation and entry of the pipe stress model. * Analysis and evaluation of the results. + Redesign of the system (as covered in Tutorial B - Check equipment and redesign a piping system). The piping system you will model defines part of a refining process that moves crude from the bottom pump to a steam stripper unit. The end suction top discharge pump has a 10- inch suction nozzle and an 8-inch discharge nozzle. The 8-inch line runs through a check valve with a 6-inch bypass to a spring hanger support. The 8-inch line then runs over a hard support before entering the vertical vessel. Steam Stripper mao Bottoms Pump The boundaries of the system are the pump discharge nozzle (on the right) and the vessel nozzle (on the left). The pump nozzle is a satisfactory boundary because the movement of that point (as the pump heats up in operation) is known and easily calculated from the hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 an87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export thermal strain between the pump nozzle and the base point. The vessel nozzle is an adequate boundary because of the known thermal growth of the vessel and the greater stiffness of the vessel with respect to the 8-inch pipe 0 + You can take an opposite approach by modeling the pipe ends to immovable points, such as the vessel foundation and the pump support (or base) point. + When you require a more accurate model for supporting structures, you can include structural steel in the model The check valve sits on top of the welding tee for the 6-inch bypass piping. The 6-inch line runs through a gate valve before reentering the 8-inch line through a second welding tee above the check valve. The total weight and length of this valve assembly is unknown, Because of this, the valve lengths and weights are pulled from the CAESAR II generic database, The spring hanger above this valve assembly carries the deadweight and absorbs the thermal growth of the vertical pipe run. The hanger attaches to the elbow in line with the vertical pipe at the near end of the elbow. The hanger is quite sensitive to the weights used. The difference between the actual installed valve weights and modeled weights should be used to adjust the spring preload. In Tutorial B you will verify that the hot load on the spring is toward the center of the manufacturer's recommended spring working range to allow errors in load estimation. An appreciable change in these weights requires reanalysis of the system. * The weld point on the vertical run of the elbow is the near end and the horizontal run weld point is the far end. ‘+ The other end of the hanger attaches to available structure above the model. Because of the vertical thermal growth of the hanger attachment point, you cannot use a simple rod hanger. + The horizontal piping rests on an unspecified support at the far end of the next elbow. This support, modeled as a rigid nonlinear restraint acting on the pipe centerline, allows the piping to move upward but prevents downward motion. 1. Review the piping system drawing 2. Configure the software hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 487419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 10. "1 12. 13. Re The Define the first pij |. Define the vertical pipe run . Define the horizontal pipe run Define the 6-inch bypass Check for errors heck the static | Run the static analysis Review the graphical analysis results Review the static output reports, . Conclusions view the piping system drawing following drawing contains the detail you need to construct the model hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 9287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Located 6 above si 8 below atitfner ‘Thermal grow See we ee eu cn yee Lee ett won "a 4.9 en, ee os Bae x © ce * \ ‘Steam Stripper es (© “ =e API 610) N71 Bottoms Pump You will assign node numbers where there is: A change in geometry, such as a pipe diameter or wall thickness A change in direction, materials, temperature, or pressure operating conditions. The application of boundary conditions such as restraints, point loads, and displacements Any other location for which you want output. Node numbering increments by fives, starting with node 5 at the pump nozzle. The 6-inch bypass piping uses the same progression, but starts with node 600. The software uses the nodes to analyze the piping stress. Output for each elbow is available for nodes at the near, mid, and far points of a bend (at 0, 45, and 90-degrees) hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 en87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Configure the software Open CAESAR |! from the Windows Start menu. The CAESAR II main window displays. 1. In the main CAESAR I! window ribbon, click Home > Setup > Configure BB The CAESAR II Configuration Editor displays. 2. Set the numeric increment between nodes, using an increment of 5 between node numbers. The default increment is 10, so you must change it. Click the Geometry Directives category, and then select 5 in the Auto Node Number Increment list. Dean ow 2 4 Bends SET end Length Attachment Percent 1.000 Fee chened Cech Navimum Allowatie Bend Angle 96.000 Dore baie Ninimum Allewable Berd Ancle 5.000 Ninimum Angle toAdjacent Bend Point 5.000 FAP Properties Beometiy Diectives Graphics Settings 4 Input Items Comme Genet Thug CNecer Bl Moeeoneue Opto Hevea Foetal Tram Bourg Taeerce FO = Loop Closure Tolerance 20 Wen Jb Ae 2 to 3. Click Save and Exit The software saves the change, closes the CAESAR II Configuration Editor, and returns to the main CAESAR II window. 4. n the main window ribbon, click Home > New). The New Job Name Specification dialog box displays. 5. Type Tutor-A as the file name. The default folder is C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CASI\CAESAR II\\Examples. You can click Browse to navigate to another folder. Tipmrevataie] C:\ProgramData is a hidden folder. 6. Click OK. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 re87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The software saves the job file, closes the New Job Name Specification dialog box, and displays the Review Current Units dialog box with the English units used for all piping element fields. 7. Click OK to close the Review Current Units dialog box and return to the main CAESAR II window. Define the first pipe element [Tipmewanne] Periodically click Save I or File > Save as you create elements. CAESAR II also interrupts your session and prompts you to save your work 30 minutes after the last save. Node 5-10 Pipe Element The first pipe element runs from the pump discharge nozzle (node 5) to the centerline intersection of the 8-inch main line with the 6-inch bypass (node 10). The length of this. element is 2 ft. in the Y direction 1. In the main window ribbon, click Home > Input > Piping Input Because this is a new job, the Review Current Units dialog box again displays. Click OK to close it. A new window with command toolbars, the Classic Piping Input dialog box, and a graphic view displays. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 ana7Hexagon Documentation Site Export 419124, 940 AM oe he —i aes feces ot 2 wy [toms qos es] cee = rien [63230 eos ete Se = aoe = CAESAR II automatically generates the From and To nodes when you start anew piping element. The From box displays 5 and the To box displays 10 because you set the node increment to 5 in the CAESAR Il Configuration Editor dialog box. The default -Mill Tol % value for the piping code also displays. The graphics view displays and updates your piping system as you define element properties. 2. In the DY box, type 2-to specify the element length of 2 ft [Coser The dash ( - ) symbol indicates feet. If you type a length without the dash, the units are inches. A 3. In the Diameter box, type 8 to specify the nominal pipe size of 8 in. The software replaces the nominal value with the actual outer diameter (OD) of 8.6250 in. The pipe element updates in the graphic view. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 one7419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export A 4. In the Wt/Sch box, type S to specify standard wall thickness in inches. The software replaces $ with the actual wall thickness of 0.3220 in. 5. Type the following values: Corrosion 0.0313 (the corrosion allowance in inches) Temp 1 600 (the maximum operating temperature in degrees F) Pressure 1 30 (the maximum incidental pressure in Ib./sq.in.) 6. In the Fluid Density box, type 0.8SG to specify the specific gravity of 80 percent of the deadweight of water. The software replaces the specific gravity with the fluid density of 0.02889 Ib./cu.in. 7. In the Material list, select (1)LOW CARBON as the pipe material. The software queries the material database and adds values for Elastic Modulus, Poisson's Ratio, and Pipe Den. The software also references the material number to add the coefficient of expansion for the specified temperatures. 8. In the Insul Thk box, type 3 to specify the insulation thickness in inches. In the Insulation Density list, select Calcium Silicate. The software replaces the insulation material type with the insulation density of 0.00666 Ib./cu.in. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 so12e7419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export [Coset| Optionally, type 11.5/1728 in the Insulation Density box. 11.5 is the density in ib./cu.ft. 1728 is the factor (12%) to convert the density to Ib./cu.in, Numeric fields allow simple math 9, Double-click the Displacements check box to display the Displacement tab on the right. 5 displays as the value for Node 1. 10. Define displacements for the thermal growth of the pump discharge nozzle from the base support (anchor) point. For anchor displacement DY in the Vector 1 column, type 0.077. For anchor displacement DZ in the Vector 1 column, type 0.046. The displacement vector displays in the graphic view. A 11. Type 0 for the other four degrees of freedom (DX, RX, RY, and RZ). ElBena Redon 7 ORigid (SIFs& Tees 2 Nodel: 5 spans doit A [[pestsins [Displacements | Ey Flanges (Flange chests il vector | vector? | Veet = Eine fox __ExNozie tm eck |B [oe] — comers (F Forces/Moments & Dy 9.0770 Fixed] bz} 00860) Fie Etniom Loads be | cosa Fe Wind Wave RY] 80000 | Fes S ez} 00000 Fs Material (1]LOW CARBON + ‘ba , A hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 sse87ri926, 40 AM Hoxagon Documentation Site Export [Tipmewanne] |f you do not assign values for DX, RX, RY, and RZ, then node 5 is free to move in these directions. 12. Double-click the Allowable Stress check box to display the Allowable Stress tab on the right. 13. In the Code list, select B31.3 if it is not the default selection. 14. Type the following values: sc 20000 (the cold allowable stress in psi) SH1 17300 (the hot allowable stress in psi) [Tipimewseae (1)LOW CARBON is a generic material without associated allowable stress values in the material database. You must manually define allowable stresses. [E3827 Do not use commas when typing allowable stress values. You can use an exponential format, such as 203 You now have the following material property and allowable stress values defined: hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 287419124, 940 0M Nave fom 5 Tc ox or 2k o2 Flot Dionoee can wiser 032m Ti sean welded Face vate 12800 Corson 0813 Don: 023320 FudDent 00288 Temp: sonas00 Tenp2: Temp Promo: 20000 Frowste2 Frese Hy Poss: 0 (Bend DFiga [E Brpansiondoit DFecrains DHaness [Poste Flo Feces Moments [PUntorn Loads vind ware Hexagon Documentation Site Export FRetues Flstrea Tees ‘Tpilecerens Flee Checks FINosle Let Check aleat PLOW CAREON : [Dakewsbe sues Elete Mogul 0 Elate Met late Met (428 Flac Ma us (435 Fries’ Rat: Feract he React Desiy ral THe Dad Te Iran Deny Clade Density InsuiCidrg Ln weit 2e500E 007 2eTmE 07 2Sn0E O07 2Snne O07 2920 on (ones Bi Code: (B38 se al000 002 shi Tenn sre re He Fa one Fs He 5 He Fe oH P He Fe He Fe et 3 Per <1> lawee Maru of 12 On oon : i uBio Fatigue Curves, Line Numba unessed E Elven Name + Ifa job is new, CAESAR II first opens the Review Current Units dialog box. For an existing job, the Classic Piping Input dialog box opens directly with the first piping element active. « Ifthe Units File Label box on the Review Current Units dialog box does not show Imperial units, click Cancel, and then select Tools > Configure Setup. Click the Database Definitions category and select English in the Units File Name list. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 90287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Define the vertical pipe run Node 10 Welding Tee Intersection Node 10 defines the bottom intersection of the 8-inch main and 6-inch bypass lines. This intersection is constructed using an 8 x 6 welding tee. Piping codes recognize the reduced strength of this piping component by increasing the calculated stress at this point in the system. For CAESAR II to include this stress intensification factor in the stress calculation, the node must be identified as a welding tee. 1. Double-click the SIFs & Tees check box to display the SIFs/Tees tab on the right. 2. In the Node box, specify 10 as the intersection node. 3. In the Type list, select 3 - Welding, CAESAR II calculates the SIFs at this intersection according to the selected B31.3 piping code. Node 10-15 Pipe Element for Welding Tee This element runs from the intersection point (node 10) to the beginning of the check valve (node 15). This short run finishes out the welding tee. The length of the element is 7 inches in the Y direction. 1. Click Continue «on the Navigation Tools toolbar to define the next length of pipe. [Cost You can also press ALT-C or click Edit > Continue. hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 saree419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The To node 10 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 15. All pipe material properties carry forward from the previous element. Allowable stress data also carries forward, even though the Allowable Stress box is cleared. 2. In the DY box, type 7 to specify the element length of 7 in. Press TAB. + Do not select Allowable Stress unless you have a change in material, code, or temperature, + Uniform Loads and Wind also carry forward without selecting the check box. No other component information, boundary conditions, or loading conditions carry forward. Node 15-20 Check Valve The next element is the flanged check valve and the mating flanges. The software considers a vaive to be a rigid element and includes the mating flanges because flange piping components are stiffer than the attached pipe. The software accesses the valvelflange database to automatically generate the valve and its data. 1. Click Continue so on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node 15 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 20. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 ssi287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 2. Click Model > Valve, or click Valve/Flange Database © on the Input Tools toolbar. The Valve and Flange Database dialog box displays. 3. Select CHECK from the Rigid Type list and FLG from the End Type list. Click OK. | Vavve and Flange Database: CADWORKDAT Pd Type End Type @ Whole element (© From end ©) To end [Flange Vale - Flange [laAtvate Flange Check ok [Lancet A 150 psi class flanged check valve displays between nodes 15 and 20. A The software adds valve data to the Classic Piping Input dialog box. The element length DY is 2 ft. 3.75 in., Rigid is selected, and the weight of the valve and flanges of 470.000 displays in the Rigids tab. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 60287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Fem 15 (Litem Dhaka To EN | id Fistret Tose yy ELEspanwion Joint ox [Resa Daslscenente See cone ov 28 A7in hangers Eierge Chests aes oe (ENorde ex Monde int Cock loots 7 Forces/Moments sp | BUnfam Loads Dianeer 852 (Wied? Wave WoSeh 0.3229 = (Sek 03229 | Mateiat[(TLOW CARBON 5 0 + Ifyou know the length and weight of the valve, you can directly specify the DY length and the Rigid Weight in the Rigids tab. « Ifthe Valve and Flange Database dialog box does not display, see Configuration Editor in the CAESAR II User's Guide. Node 20-25 Pipe Element for Welding Tee This element runs from the end of the check valve (node 20) to the top intersection point (node 25) This short run finishes out the top welding tee. The length of this element is 7 inches in the Y direction (half of the total length of the 8-inch x 6-inch welding tee) 1. Click Continue «on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node 20 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 25. 2. In the DY box, type 7 to specify the element length of 7 in. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 sweet419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export A Node 25 Welding Tee Intersection Node 25 defines the top intersection of the 8-inch main and 6-inch bypass lines. This intersection is constructed using a second 8-inch x 6-inch welding tee that sits on top of the check valve. 1. Double-click the SIFs & Tees check box to display the SIFs/Tees tab on the right. 2. In the Node box, specify 25 as the intersection node. 3. In the Type list, select 3 - Welding CAESAR II calculates the SIFs at this intersection according to the selected B31.3 piping code. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 serze7419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Node 25-30 Pipe Element The next element runs from the top intersection of the 8-inch main and 6-inch bypass lines (node 25) to the intersection of © the vertical pipe centerline and the horizontal pipe centerline (node 30). The length of this element is 10 ft. 2 in. in the Y direction. [Temuevarte| Node 30 does not remain at this, location on the piping system. Any additional input specified at 30 and all output for node 30 is located at the far weld point of the elbow, which connects the vertical and horizontal runs. 1. Click Continue «on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node 25 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 30. 2. In the DY box, type 10-2 to specify the element length of 10 ft. 2 in, Press TAB. hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 91287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Define the horizontal pipe run Node 30 Elbow and Hanger Node 30 defines the 90-degree elbow and the hanger as the pipe run turns from vertical to horizontal. When you define the elbow, the software adds nodes at the elbow near point and far point. 1. Double-click the Bend check box to display the Bends tab on the right. The software creates a long radius elbow (1-1/2 times the nominal pipe diameter), node 28 at the elbow near point (Angle 2 of 0.000), and node 29 at the midpoint (Angle 1 of M). Node 30 moves to the elbow far point. Fen 5 ew ifedice Ta eNO | is PF set Tess an 5 De epson den { oo Tove a Dx Flpestarts [i Dislocenents oe 1k 20000 Fitarges Ei Aange Checks Pa iNazdle Fla. Norde Unt eck Ange Made 1: 23 loves El Fovcer Maren ‘ange 0560 Node 2 28 >| Elsie Loxis oe mae Diol 86250 Dwi Wave [Tipamuevaee] The elbow is part of the vertical pipe run, but does not display until you create the horizontal pipe run. 2. Double-click the Hangers check box to display the Hangers tab on the right. 3. Type 28 in the Node box to place the hanger at the elbow near point. 4, Clear the Allow Short Range Springs box. Use the default value of 1 - ANVIL for Hanger Table. hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 201287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export Fm 25 Bend [reace Node: 78 Crete Te Bria [sist Tees Deer Daa yy El Esperion dint Hanger Table T-ANWL ox PDRewates Displacements Tex by: 10% 2000%n Wl Hengere iFenge Checks [Extended Range [")Cold Load [[] Hot Load Centered Nowe Flee Nowe Check bz: ‘Avalate Space (a fo cant TT Ferces/ments E sp | Euston Loess ‘AowableLosdVainion (25000 Dianatee 86260 Win / Wave Ficid SuepotDissocement Cte walsch: 03200, oa Max. Allowed Travel Lint eerurieg Mai (ILOW CARON E eam Wal Banco No Hanger at Location: Wace: ‘low Shot Range pias: o + You can change the Radius value on the Bends tab. + For the first iteration of the analysis, you will use the default hanger settings with no additional design data. Click in a hanger setting box on the Hangers tab and press F1 to open the help for more information. * Ashort-range spring is not used at this point because a mid-range spring is usually less expensive. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 21087419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Node 35-40 Pipe Element The next element starts the horizontal pipe run in the X direction from the far point of the vertical elbow (node 30) to the intersection of the horizontal pipe centerlines at the horizontal bend (node 35). 1. Click Continue so on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node 30 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 35. 2. In the DX box, type «12 ft., and then press TAB. The elbow on the vertical pipe element and the new horizontal pipe element display. Node 35 Elbow and Restraint Node 35 defines the horizontal 90-degree @) @ elbow and the rigid restraint. When you define the elbow, the software adds nodes at the elbow near point and far point. The length is 12 ft hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 221087419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The restraint is non-linear, meaning its stiffness is not constant but is a function of load or displacement. It does not allow the pipe to move downward, but allows the pipe to move upward. 1. Double-click the Bend check box to display the Bends tab on the right. The software creates a long radius elbow (1-1/2 times the nominal pipe diameter), node 33 at the elbow near point (Angle 2 of 0.000), and node 34 at the midpoint (Angle 1 of M). Node 35 moves to the elbow far point. Fon 2 wine iRedice Ta ge Ne | Fira set tees Cores Ee soasin { » lope ox 728 FRetarts —— [ Oblcerent ov ElHnges— L Aagechecks FiNeloFen, —F NosdoLee Creck oat M Tite [Feces avons Angle? Oct yy | Uetem Loses on Dinnolr 6250 lw wave Node: Node 2: Node [Tipmevanne] Similar to the first elbow, the elbow is part of the horizontal pipe run, but does not display until you create the next pipe element. 2. Double-click the Restraints box to display the Restraints tab on the right. 3. Type +Y in the Type box to place the support at the elbow far point. ‘SmeNsay Restart Node: 3 Code: Te Gap sit Mu Tes With no stiffness specified with the restraint, CAESAR II sets the restraint as very stiff (rigid). This means that under any practical load, the pipe does not push the restraint downward. The restraint displays as a vector. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 221287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 0 + The software represents all restraints, except anchors, as vectors. + You can specify up to four restraints on the Restraints tab. + To restrain lateral motion at node 35, use an X value to define a second guide restraint. Node 35-40 Pipe Element ® The next element finished the horizontal pipe run in the Z direction from the far point of the horizontal elbow (node 35) to the termination at the intersection with the 2 vessel wall (node 40). The length is 18 ft Q 1. Click Continue «on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node 35 of the previous element now displays as the From node. The To node is 40. 2. In the DZ box, type 18-, and then press TAB. The horizontal elbow and the new horizontal pipe element display. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 201287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 3. Double-click the Displacements check box to display the Displacement tab on the right. 40 displays as the value for Node 1. 4, Define displacements for the thermal growth of the pump discharge nozzle from the base support (anchor) point. For anchor displacement DY in the Vector 1 column, type 0.077. For anchor displacement DZ in the Vector 1 column, type 0.046. 5. Define displacements for the thermal growth of the vessel nozzle. In the Vector 4 column, type the following values: Dx 0.0 DY 0.28 pz -0.1 RX, RY, & RZ 0.0 The displacement vector displays in the graphic view. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 251287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export A Define the 6-inch bypass ‘You now return to the 6-inch bypass piping around the 8-inch check valve above the pump. The welding tee nodes of 10 and 25 are defined as reducing tees when you model the 6- inch piping elements. Start the bypass from node 10 and create elements with 600-series nodes. Node 10-605 Pipe Element o The first element of the bypass runs from Bypass the reducing tee at node 10 to the with Gate > intersection of the horizontal pipe centerline a an and the vertical pipe centerline (node 605). The length of the element is 2 ft. 1. Click Continue so on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node displays 40 and the From node displays 45. The software assumes that you want to continue modeling from the last-created node. 2. Type 10 in the From node box and type 605 in the To node box. 3. In the DX box, type -2-. The software measures the element length from the 8-inch centerline to the centerline of the vertical 6-inch line, 4. In the Diameter box, type 6 to specify the nominal pipe size of 6 in. The software replaces the nominal value with the actual outer diameter (OD) of 6.6250 in hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 261287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 5. In the Wt/Sch box, type S to specify standard wall thickness in inches. The software replaces $ with the actual wall thickness of 0.2800 in. A Node 605 Elbow Node 605 defines the first 90-degree elbow of the bypass. The software adds nodes at the elbow near point and far point. 1. Double-click the Bend check box to display the Bends tab on the right. The software creates a long radius elbow (1-1/2 times the nominal pipe diameter) for the 6-inch line, node 603 at the elbow near point (Angle 2 of 0.000), and node 604 at the midpoint (Angle 1 of M). Node 605 moves to the elbow far point. 2. In the Type list, select 1 -Single Flange. Fen 10 Dow iRedice Ta gg ON | aris FF set Tess Pee . Deepen den { @ Tope [1 Single Frye 2 ox 2h FDRestarts [i Dislecenents oe Tages [ange Checks aa iNazale Fla. Norde Lint eck Ange Made: 60$ Flovses El Fovcer Maren ‘ange GEO Node 2: 603 >| Elsie Loxis a en Dieter 86250 Dwi Wave [Tipmuevaxe| Similar to the previous elbows, the elbow does not display until you create the next pipe element. ‘QD Each elbow on the bypass is flanged on the end closest to the gate valve. The flange acts like a stiffening ring, reducing the bending flexibility of the elbow. This characteristic of flanged elbows is addressed by the piping codes through a modification of the flexibility factor and stress intensification for the elbow. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 20287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Node 605-610 Pipe Element ZS 7 This short element runs from the far point of 10) G03) Ks “ the elbow (node 605) to the beginning of the vo bypass gate valve (node 610) 1. Click Continue ss on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node displays 610 and the From node displays 605. 2. In the DY box, type 9 to specify the element length of 9 in The horizontal elbow and the new horizontal pipe element display. [Tipamevsee) The 9-inch length puts node 610 at the far end of the bend. The locations of nodes 605 and 610 are coincident. To prevent a zero-length element, the software attaches an element length of 0.45 in., equal to 1 percent of the bend radius. A ‘Dou can change the default ‘percent attachment length by specifying a new value for Bend Length Attachment Percent in Tools > Configure/Setup ©. Node 610-615 Gate Valve This element is the 6-inch 150-psi class flanged gate valve. 1. Click Continue so on the Navigation Tools toolbar. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 201287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The To node displays 615 and the From node displays 610. 2. Click Valve/Flange Database & on the Input Tools toolbar. The Valve and Flange Database dialog box displays. 3. Select GATE from the Rigid Type list and FLG from the End Type list. Click OK. A 150 psi class flanged gate valve displays. The software adds valve data to the Classic Piping Input dialog box. The element length DY is 1 ft. 5.750 in., Rigid is selected, and the weight of the valve and flanges of 225.000 displays in the Rigids tab. The software includes these values in the analysis. fen Bi Hea Cietcn Te ge | ic Fists Tees vp TBs Ja ox EiReares ——ElOilcenen ; oy, TR 8750in Eiiense [lange Chocks eo ae Flnasde Fen, iNeed re Cook elect in the End Type list of the Valve and Flange Database dialog box ‘D Select NOFLG in the End Type list of the Valve and Flange Database dialog box if you do not want to include the deadweight and length of the attached flanges in the analysis. Node 615-620 Pipe Element and Node 620 Elbow This element runs from the end of the gate valve (node 615) to the top horizontal pipe centerline and the vertical pipe centerline (node 620). You need to find the Y distance between nodes 615 and 620, where 620 is at the same height as the top welding tee node 25. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 291287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 1. Click Distance = on the Input Tools toolbar. The Distance dialog box displays. 2. Select Between Element Nodes and To and From Nodes, type 615 and 25 as the nodes, and then click Calculate. 1'3” displays as the needed DY distance. 3. Click Continue «i on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node displays 620 and the From node displays 615. 4. In the DY box, type 15 to specify the element length of 1 ft. 3 in. A 5. Double-click the Bend check box to display the Bends tab on the right. The software creates a long radius elbow (1-1/2 times the nominal pipe diameter) for the 6-inch line, node 618 at the elbow near point (Angle 2 of 0.000), and node 619 at the midpoint (Angle 1 of M). Node 620 moves to the elbow far point. 6. In the Type list, select 1 -Single Flange. Fem A Uicd Diets To gq NAM | iris Pasa tees ree ne 5 om Sin 7 Type [1 - Single Flange + OK Eietarts —— ElOinlcerets oy, 18 000% Henge Hlange Cts o Elna, iNet Lrt Grech eget: Made 18 Foe Eleven ©) tale? 68 sy | aon ace wes Dini 56250 Ele ave [Tipumevaee) Similar to the previous elbows, the elbow does not display until you create the next pipe element. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 307287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Node 620-25 Pipe Element Closing the Bypass Loop This element runs from the far point of the top bypass elbow to the reducing tee at node 25, returning the 6-inch pipe to the 8- inch pipe and closing the bypass loop. 1. Click Continue <= on the Navigation Tools toolbar. The To node displays 625 and the From node displays 620. 2. Type 25 in the To node box. 3. Click Close Loop & on the Input Tools toolbar. The software creates the element and displays the length of 2 ft. in the DX box. 4. To save the model click Save I or File > Save. 5. Click Distance 3. Select Between Element Nodes, type 5 (the first element) and 40 (the last element) in the boxes, and then click Calculate. In Results, the length should be 26' 8 3/8". Write down this value for later comparison in Tutorial B hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 3287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export Your model is complete! Ay Review the piping input You can review the values in your model graphically or by viewing a list of piping input data Review Graphically You built your model using the default piping input layout, with a graphic view displaying to the right of the Classic Piping Input dialog box. The size of the graphic view can be increased by clicking Auto Hide # in the upper right corner of the Classic Piping Input. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 227287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export To display the node numbers, click Node Numbers‘ on the Plot Tools toolbar, or press N. Click Orbit ©? on the Standard Operators toolbar, and then use the arrow keys to rotate the plot, You can also use the arrow keys or mouse to pan the plot after clicking Pan. Scrolling the mouse zooms the model and pressing the center mouse button pans the plot. Clicking the right mouse button, and then clicking Operators > Pan from the pop-up menu provides an alternative method of panning the plot. The model then follows the cursor. The plus sign (+) zooms in and the minus sign (-) zooms out, There are toolbar buttons and menu items to alter the pan view and to display element and restraint information on the plot. Use these different items to become familiar with them. To reset the plot to the default, click Reset on the Reset toolbar or click View > Reset. To print a copy of the display, click File > Print or click Print & on the Standard toolbar. (Tipmevanne| Because the graphics are included in the input processor, the graphic must be clicked to set the focus before printing. The V key toggles different views. The volume plot shown below is especially useful for larger models because it uses less of the computer's resources. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 30287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export a 40 The illustration below shows a view down the Z-axis with a zoom and pan to show the pipe valves. This volume plot shows the nodes and identifies the tees. To see the displacements specified in the model, click Displacements 4* or Options > Displacements. [ext] ove) uz 4 (0.0009 00770 0.0460, 440 0.0000 [0.2600 -0 1000 hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 301287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Review using List Click List Input 5 or Edit > List to quickly review and edit different categories of data in the job. Clicking on the row number to the left of a line of data highlights the entire row. Hold the Shift key while clicking on a second row of data to highlight all rows in between the two. Different types of data sets are available by choosing the appropriate tab along the bottom of the dialog box. Use the scroll bar along the bottom of the list to view more element data such as temperatures and pressures. The Element list is shown in the following figure. Check for errors 1. Click Start Run [to run the CAESAR II Error Checker. CAESAR II checks the job for errors and lists a variety of notes and warnings. Error checking generates three notes and one warning for the tutorial model. Two notes address the hanger in the model, and the third one is the center of gravity report. The warning addresses insulation thickness. The notes indicate that the software must analyze and size the hanger. The software builds the intermediate (scratch) files for the static analysis and saves binary data for this model with the file extension ._a. With the scratch files created, the input process is complete. [Tipimevaee| An analysis may proceed with notes and warnings, but fatal errors must be corrected before continuing Check the static load cases After error checking the model, review the load cases. 1. Click Edit Static Load Cases ® on the CAESAR II Tools toolbar, or click Edit > Edit Static Load Cases. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 351287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The Static Analysis - Load Case Editor dialog box displays. CAESAR II begins with a standard set of load cases based upon the piping code selected and the loads defined in input. For this tutorial, the software includes load cases to size the hanger before performing the standard structural and stress analyses. The hanger sizing algorithm requires two analyses before analyzing the standard load cases: Definition Nome Sept a |w ‘WEIGHT FOR HANGER LOADS HR 2 WepieTi PL (OPERATING FOR HANGER TRAVEL sR. wept ALTERNATE SUSTAINED STRESS BASED OW OPERATING CONDMON3 | SUS Zoo Writ SUSTAINED CASE CONDMTION 1 sus The operating condition for this analysis consists of the dead weight of the pipe, its contents and insulation, the design temperature and pressure, and the preload on the hanger at node 28. The installed condition includes the dead weight and hanger preload. In addition to these structural analyses, certain stress conditions must be addressed. For the piping code, the sustained and expansion stresses must be calculated. Sustained stresses include dead weight, preloads, and pressure. Sustained stresses can be taken from the installed condition analysis if the pressure loads are included. CAESAR 1 includes the pressure term in the installed case because pressure, in most cases, has no impact on the structural loads on the piping. With the installed case structural analysis also serving as. the sustained case stress analysis, no additional load case must be added to calculate the sustained stresses. Expansion stresses reflect the change in system position from its installed position to its operating position. Because of system non-linearity, this change in position cannot be determined by analyzing thermal loads alone. By default, CAESAR I constructs a third load case to calculate the expansion stress (range). This case is not a third, complete analysis of the system. Instead, it is a product of the operating and installed structural analyses already performed. The difference in system displacements between these two cases is the displacements stress range from which the expansion stresses are calculated. The third class of stress in piping — occasional stresses (as opposed to expansion and sustained) — is not included in the recommended analyses and must be specified by you. Likewise, Fatigue (FAT) stress cases are provided only when specifically required by the active piping code (TD/12, for example) For most systems, the recommended load cases are exactly what you want to analyze. L1 (W) - Weight for hanger loads hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 361287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Calculates the dead weight carried by the proposed spring at node 28. L2 (W+D14T1+P1) - Operating for hanger travel Calculates the vertical travel of the proposed spring. All load categories, which compose the operating load case, are used for this analysis. These are dead weight, displacements, thermal set 1, and pressure set 1. With these two numbers—the load carried by the hanger and the amount of travel it must accommodate—The software selects the appropriate spring from the Anvil catalog. This spring and its proper preload are installed in the model for the remaining analyses. L3 (W+D14T1+P1+H) - Operating case condition 1 Defines the operating hanger load case. L3 is identical to L2 but includes the sized hanger preload (H). This analysis produces the operating forces and moments on the supports, and the deflections of all points in the system, L3 is a structural analysis case and not a B31.3 stress analysis case. The refining piping code does not recognize pipe stress in the operating condition as a test for system failure and does not establish a limit for this state of stress. L4 (W+P1+H) Alternate sustained stress based on operating condition 1 Provides an alternate method for the sustained case of LS, using the restraint status from the L3 operating load case to evaluate the stresses induced by primary loads. L5 (W+P1+H) - Sustained case condition 1 Defines a structural and stress case of a cold system. The load case eliminates the (assumed) thermal effects (D1+T1). By including pressure (P1), this case also has the necessary components to be used to report the system's sustained stresses. L6 (L3-L5) - Expansion case condition 1 Defines an algebraic combination of two basic load cases. The displacements of LS are subtracted from the displacements of L3 to produce these results. This case develops the displacement range of the system in its growth from the installed position to the operating position. This displacement range is used for the calculation of the system's expansion stresses. Run the static analysis 1. To proceed with the analysis, click Analyze, or Analysis load cases Af in the Load Case Editor dialog box. hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 a0re87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The software performs analysis for the piping system and the basic load cases. When complete, the Static Output Processor displays. (paweseH"=] You can stop the analysis at any time by clicking Cancel CAESAR II analyzes the basic loads (hanger design, operating, and installed), The displacement results of cases 3 and 4 are used with the element stiffness matrices to calculate the forces, moments, and stresses throughout the system. The difference between the two sets of displacements is used to establish the displacement range of the piping system as defined in L6. This new displacement set is similarly used to calculate forces, moments, and stresses. + Allthe results are automatically into the Tutor._p statics output file. The contents of a ._P file can only be examined through the Static Output Processor. « If you want to review analysis results at a later time, you do not need to rerun the static analysis . Click Output > Reports > Static DD from the ribbon on the main window to display the output. Review the graphical analysis results The Static Output Processor dialog box displays after static analysis or by later clicking Output > Reports > Static “D from the main CAESAR II window. With the first run of static analysis, you are typically verifying that the piping model is responding as expected. Checking deflections and restraint loads in the operating and installed cases should quickly uncover any major problems with the system layout or input. If the output verifies the model, the results can be used to collect pipe stresses, support and equipment loads, and any other useful data found in the output. This information is useful in documenting a good piping design or troubleshooting an inadequate one. If there are unusual results, you will then reexamine the input. 1. Selecting the (OPE) load case, and then click 3D Plot &. A view of the of piping system model displays. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 301287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export [Tipmuewaeae] You can use commands on the Plot Tools Toolbar to control display options, such as supports, displacements, and node numbers. 2. Click Deflected Shape « or Show > Displacement > Deflected Shape. The plot shows the centerline plot along with a normalized deflected shape of the system in the operating condition. A 3. Change to the sustained load case on the Load Case toolbar. 4, Click Overstress @ or Show > Stress > Overstress. A dialog displays verifying that there are no over-stressed points in the system. 5. Click Stress Colors by Value “4 or Show > Stress > Stress > Code to display the code-defined stresses throughout the system. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 391287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export The stress symbols appear on the screen and locate the highest stress points in the system. 6. Click Max Stress »a or Show > Stress > Maximum to list the stress values on the plot. The maximum stress value and the node number display. 7. Press ENTER to display the stresses one at a time starting with the highest. 7 (Node= 40) 8. Click Show Element Viewer Grid [_]. The Element Viewer displays a table of stresses, displacements, and restraints for each load case. HORE] Wer-TT>R Hoh Stns a semis hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 407287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 9. Retum to the Static Output Processor by clicking Window > 14 Tie Horsntaly Ste vetiaty eee DEI zcresrncicacsanioenoiruron2 | Review the static output reports 1. For a quick look at the selected hanger data in the Static Output Processor, click Hanger Table with Text from the General Computed Results column in the main output processor. Then, click View Reports The software reports the Anvil Fig. B-268 Size 10 spring selected at node 28. This selection is based on the values found in the first two analyses. Both analyses provide no load case reports in the output processor. * The expected hot load for the proposed support at node 28 (1209 Ib.). * The thermal growth of node 28 (0.750 in.) 2. Return to the Static Output Processor, and select only the operating load case (OPE) Displacements and Restraint Summary by holding down the Ctrl key. The restraint loads at nodes 5 and 40 are compared to the pump and vessel load limits. Note the different output tabs at the bottom of the screen. 3. Return to the Static Output Processor, and select the sustained case (SUS) to examine the installed condition of the piping system [Coser Turn off 3 and turn on 4, Both the operating and sustained cases can be reviewed together by having both 3 and 4 highlighted at the same time. 4, Retum to the Static Output Processor, and highlight the sustained and expansion cases (4 and 5) and stresses Each stress report begins with a summary stating that the code stresses are below their allowable stress. In the table that follows the summary, the stresses display for each node in the system. These nodes are listed in pairs with their associated element. The last column lists the ratio of actual stress to allowable stress in terms of percentage. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 491287419124, 940 0M 10. 1. 12. Hexagon Documentation Site Export These results can be sent to the printer or to a file rather then sent to the screen. Before creating the report, a title line for the hardcopy can be generated through Options-Title Lines on the Output Menu . Type the following two lines for the report header: CAESAR II TUTORIAL BOTTOMS PUMP TO STEAM STRIPPER To send a specific output to the printer, click File > Print Use the output wizard to create a book of reports in a specific order and then send them to an output device, Click More>> in the Static Output Processor to access the wizard, Start the report with the hanger table by selecting it and clicking [Add] . Select the operating and sustained load cases and displacements and restraint summary reports. Click Add again . Add the sustained and expansion stress reports by having only SUS and OPE load cases and Stresses highlighted. Click Add again This completes a typical output report after reviewing the reports order. Select the output device, and then click Generate TOC, if needed. Click Finish A tabbed window with all reports displays. Static Analysis Output Listing Analysis produces the following reports, hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 421287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export Hanger report CAESAR 12. TUTOR BoTTous PUMP TO STEAM STRIPPER ([ipawevanne] + The output listed in the example includes significant output only. + Notes, which discuss the results, are included with each report, + The following reports are included in this output: + Complete Hanger Report + Operating Case Displacement Report + Installed (Sustained) Case Displacement Report + Operating & Installed Restraint Summary + Sustained Stress Summary and Stress Report + Expansion Stress Summary and Stress Report. (Stresses in the operating condition are not used in B31.3 analyses) The hot load of 1209 Ibf. was calculated in the initial weight run (load case 1) with a rigid Y restraint installed at node 28. The load on the restraint was 1209 Ibf. ‘A129 Ibf, +Y load replaced the rigid Y restraint at 28 and then an operating case was analyzed (load case 2). Node 28 moved 0.750 in. in the +Y direction in this analysis. CAESAR II selected an appropriate mid-range spring from the Anvil hanger table. The size 10 spring has the hot load of 1209 Ibf. in its working range. This mid-range spring (short hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 491287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export range springs were excluded) has a spring rate of 260 lbf./in. Assuming that node 28 moves 0.750 inches between the cold to hot position, this increases the spring load by (.750)(260) or 195 Ibf. The cold load on the size 10 spring is 1222+195 or 1404 Ibf. This cold load is also within the working range of the size 10 spring. Displacements reports The deflections of nodes 5 and 40 were entered as input, Node 28 again moves up 0.750 in. in the Y direction with the spring installed hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 401287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Look at the zero position of nodes 5 and 40. When the imposed displacements are not included in the analysis, the node is fixed with zero movement in each of the defined directions. Restraint summary The restraint report lists the piping forces and moments on the restraint. It does not list the restraint loads on the piping. The loads at node 5 are the nozzle loads and can be used without sign change to check the API 610 allowable loads. Loads for node 40 can be used to check the vessel stresses due to the nozzle loads The loads at 28 show the operating load and the actual installation load (with contents) for the selected spring. The spring carries the designed load of 1209 pounds in the operation condition. The +Y restraint at node 35 shows it is nonlinear nature. In the cold condition, the restraint is active. As the piping moves to the hot position, it disengages from the support. Refer back to the displacement reports to confirm that the Y displacement is 0.0 in the installed (sustained) condition and +Y in the operating condition. The summary shows that the sustained stresses throughout the system are below their allowable values. The sustained stress closest to its allowable limit is at the vessel node 40 Stress reports The summary shows that the expansion stresses throughout the system are below their allowable values. The expansion stress closest to its allowable limit occurs along the hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 481287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export header at the node 10 tee. For the stress detail report, note the application of the tee and bend stress intensification factors. The tee at 25 has SIFs other than 1.00 for all three listings: 25 to 28, 20 to 25, and 25 to 620. Bend SIFs are applied only on the bend side of the node compare node 28 on 25-28 and 28-29. No stresses are listed for rigid elements as no valid moment of inertia is provided for these elements. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 461287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Conclusions The review of piping stresses shows that the piping has adequate wall thickness and support to keep within the sustained allowable stress, as well as enough flexibility to remain below the expansion allowable stress limit. A quick review of the system displacements does not reveal any interference problems from pipe expansion. Equipment loads Equipment loads must still be checked to ensure a safe and effective design. The pump. loads at node 5 may be compared to the API (American Petroleum Institute) Standard 610 (Seventh Edition, February 1989), Centrifugal Pumps for General Refinery Service. The nozzle loads, too, can be compared to the allowed maximum limits. The nozzle loads can be translated into local stresses using Welding Research Council Bulletins 107 or 297 - Local Stresses in Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings on Nozzles (WRC 107) or i's Supplement (WRC 297). These local stresses can then be compared to allowable stress values established in ASME Section VIll Division 2 Appendix 4, Mandatory Design Based on Stress Analysis. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 47287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Because the loads on these boundary conditions are related to the piping system layout, the piping system cannot be properly approved until these load limits are also verified These verifications are performed in Tutorial B. Archiving Final reports should now be made to document this design. The input listing can be generated from Classic Piping Input or from the Static Output Processor. You should include the current status of the software's default settings in this input echo and a hard- copy of a few input plots. Structural and stress results from the Static Output Processor substantiate the current design Archive the files Tutor-A.C2 and Caesar.cfg to preserve a copy of the CAESAR II input, load case definition, output, and software default settings, Often upon release of a new version of CAESAR II, archived files must be converted to the new version and subsequently re-analyzed. This is primarily due to changes within CAESAR II as new features and codes are added. To avoid this, keep the old version of the software available, and use newest version for new analyses. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 401287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Tutorial B - Check equipment and redesign a piping system This tutorial guides you through equipment checks on the pump and the redesign of the system created in Tutorial A - Create a typical piping system 1. Review piping system loads on the pump 2, Evaluate pump discharge nozzle loads 3. Review the model 4. Incorporate flexibilities at the vessel and nozzle intersection 5, Run a new static analysis for WRC 297 loads 6. Review static output reports for the new analysis 7. Re-evaluate pump discharge nozzle loads 8. Redesign the piping system 9. Rerun the static analysis 10. Conclusions Review piping system loads on the pump Collecting pump and load information is the first step in reviewing the pump loads. API 610 (10th Edition) examines pump loads at two levels: + Individual nozzle loads + Combined nozzle loads on the pump housing The suction and discharge nozzles have a set of allowable load limits based on nozzle orientation and nozzle size. The software checks the individual X, Y, and Z components, the resultant forces, and the moments. Additionally, to assure maintenance of proper pump/motor alignment, the software resolves all loads on the pump about a base point and compares these loads to their allowable values. ‘An API-610 pump analysis using Equipment Analysis requires the nozzle suction and discharge sizes, positions, orientations, and loads. The processor provides the load limits. For this tutorial, the software has already calculated the discharge nozzle loads. Therefore, hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 4912874i19726, 240 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export the software only checks the discharge nozzle and does not evaluate the suction limits or the resolution to the base point. [Tipimevaeae] For an analysis of a production system, you typically want both suction and discharge loads. ‘Vessel Nozae Information Located 6 above ski x Stein tener Thermal growth ‘dy = 0260, dr = 0.100 Pump Discharge Nozzle. wn ( Open 2. 3. In the Open dialog box, navigate to the file from Tutorial A, C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CAS\CAESAR II\\Examples\Tutor- Ac2 4. Make a copy of Tutor-A and rename it Tutor-B. 5, Select Tutor-B.C2, and click Open. Perform analysis on the pump using the discharge loads from the piping analysis, 4. In the main window ribbon, click Analysis > Components/Equipment > Equipment Analysis The Equipment Analysis dialog box displays. 2. Select © API-610 in the Equipment pane on the left, and then click Add +. © Pumpt, with a default 4 Suction nozzle, “t Discharge nozzle, and ® Load Case Sets, displays in the Equipment pane. 3. Select © Pump1 in the Equipment pane, and specify the following properties on the Pump Input tab: + Equipment Name: Bottoms Pump * Description - Tutorial B. Check discharge nozzle. + Allowable Load Multiplier: 1.00 + Centerline Direction Cosine X: 1.00 4. Select *t Suction in the Equipment pane, and specify the following properties on the Nozzle Input tab: * Orientation: End hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 527287419124, 940 0M 5. 6. 7. 8. Hexagon Documentation Site Export + Nominal Diameter: 10 in. (250 mm) + Location from Pump Center, DX (in.): 15.00 + CAESAR II Node Number: 105 [Tpmwesehve] For this tutorial, the node number is arbitrary and does not exist in the model. In a production analysis, the node number identifies a node containing suction nozzle loads from the static analysis. * CAESAR II Output File - C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CAS\CAESAR 11\11.00\Examples\Tutor-B Select sss Discharge in the Equipment pane, and specify the following properties on the Nozzle Input tab: + Orientation: Top + Nominal Diameter: 8 in. (200 mm) + Location from Pump Genter, DY (in.): 20.00 + Location from Pump Center, DZ (in.): 12.00 * CAESAR II Node Number: 5 [emueseHe] This node number corresponds with the first node in the model, which defines the discharge nozzle boundary condition in the model. * CAESAR II Output File: C:\ProgramData\Intergraph CAS\CAESAR 11\11,00\Examples\Tutor-B Select ® Load Case Sets in the Equipment pane. For the Load Cases: Bottoms Pump - Discharge grid at the top of the Load Case Sets tab, click Add Case “f, and then select Import Load Cases The Select Load Cases dialog box displays the load cases from the CAESAR I output file. Select the OPE and SUS load cases, and click Accept. The load cases display in the Load Cases: Bottoms Pump - Discharge grid. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 51287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Load Cases: Bottoms Pump - Discharge + |X) ) ie) Order | Link | Number | Name Feb.) 9. For the Load Cases: Bottoms Pump - Suction grid at the top of the Load Case Sets tab, click Add Case “+ > Add Custom Aload case numbered 1u displays. [emesere] Because the suction nozzle has no loads for this model, leave the force and moment values at 0. 10. Create two load case sets: + Select the suction load case and the OPE discharge load case. For the Lead Case Sets grid at the bottom of the Load Case Sets tab, click Create a Set from Selected Load Cases “F. + Select the suction load case and the SUS discharge load case. Click Create a Set from Selected Load Cases “F. Two load case sets display. Suction Discharge Sudion(tuy: Discharges: CASE 3 (OPE, W-D1-T! 11. Click Save | and name the file Tutor-B Pump. The software creates a .C2eDB file. 12. Click Analyze At As the analysis runs, the software places messages in the Event Log. A report displays on the Output tab when analysis completes. 13. On the Output tab, click Next Page > to advance to new pages. The report displays analysis results on the discharge nozzle for the OPE and SUS load cases. 14. Click Save kd hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 4287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 15. Click Print ai to print the report, or click Export "to save the report in Excel, Word, or PDF format. Page 3 of the report shows that the analysis exceeds API Table 5 limits for the operating load case. Nozzle Summary - Table 5 Local Force (1) Local Moment (1b) peoad Nozzle TYP) Resuts | y fz mx my mz Toads 0.00) 0.00] 0.00} ooo} 0.00} 0.00] tu {suction | Ratio 000, 0.00; 0.00) 0.00) 0.00) 0.00 Status, Passed] Passed] Passed] Passed] Passed| Passed] Loads | 814.00] _-776.00] _-1556.00] -10173.00] -5905.00] _-2975.00 3 Discharge Ratio 0.96] 1 141 3.91 454! 1.57] ‘Status, Passed] Failed] Failed] Failed] Failed! Failed is 22.00) -11.00] 632.00] -78.00] 597.00] -19.00) \6 Discharge Ratio 0.03} 0.02! 0.57] 0.03] 0.46] 0.01] ‘Status, Passed] Passed] Passed] Passed] Passed| Passed| [Tipimevaee] When the nozzle load components are greater than the Table 5 values but less than two times the Table 5 values, the pump might stil pass (when permitted by purchaser specifications) if other checks are within their allowable values. However, this evaluation cannot be used because loading on the suction nozzle is unknown. Piping loads on the pump discharge nozzle exceed API 610 allowable stresses. Review the model The operating moments (X, Y, and Z) on the pump nozzle are greater than the API 610 allowable limits. Because of this, you must modify the piping system to reduce these loads. Retum to the static analysis of Tutorial A to determine the causes of these large loads. You can then make the needed changes to the piping system. In the Tutorial A static results, compare the operating loads on the pump to the installed loads on the pump. If they are vastly different, the thermal effects cause the overload. If they are similar, the sustained effects cause the high loads. In this case, only the operating loads are high. Therefore, the piping system has a thermal expansion problem. For a given amount of thermal growth, you can reduce the thermal forces and moments by adding flexibility to the system. Because F = KX, you can reduce the thermal growth between the end point forces or moments by reducing K. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 581287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export [Tipmewane| |f the system was overloading the pump due to sustained effects, the system pressure or dead weight would be causing the problem. Systems with pressure problems usually include untied expansion joints. Dead weight problems can be traced back to improper system support. Typically, this is either spring pre-loads or support locations. In the following figure, look at the deflected shapes displacement plot of the operating load case to examine the source of the high moments. Most engineers and analysts find it easier to understand system response to loads in terms of system displacements rather than internal forces and moments. The displacement plot can be used to identify pipe runs that generate the thermal strain and pipe runs that turn the thermal strain into large forces and moments on the pump. © The plot shows that the large moment about the Z-axis at the pump is caused by the thermal growth of B working against the stiffness of legs A and C. The large moment about the X-axis is due to the thermal growth of A working against the stiffness of legs B and C. The thermal growth of the steam stripper vessel connection (at the left end of A and node 40 in the piping system model) may also contribute to these high loads. How can excessive loads at the pump discharge nozzle be reduced? How can additional flexibility be added to the system so that these loads drop? The possible solutions are: * Incorporate flexibilities at the vessel/nozzle intersection. hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 501287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export + Redesign the piping system to reduce stiffness by adding an expansion loop or an expansion joint to the piping. Incorporate flexibilities at the vessel and nozzle intersection Before any potentially costly piping system modifications are made, you will analyze the model a second time to incorporate WRC 297 nozzle flexibilities. A more thorough and accurate model of the system might show that redesign is not required. To assist in this model update, CAESAR II calculates and inserts these flexibilities into the system. The pump loads caused by expansion decrease if the thermal growth of the three pipe legs A, B, and C deflect the vessel nozzle, Welding Research Council (WRC) Bulletin 297, Local Stresses in Cylindrical Shells Due to External Loadings on Nozzles (Supplement to WRC Bulletin No. 107) defines nozzle flexibilities. WRC 297 supplies curves by which the outer diameters and thicknesses of the vessel and nozzle define local nozzle flexibilities. These curves are limited to specific ratios of nozzle and vessel terms, such as the following dD <0.5 dit> 20 20 < D/T < 2500 dT >5 where: d= nozzle OD (8.625 in.) t = nozzle thickness (0.322 in.) D = vessel OD (60 in.) T = vessel thickness (3/16 in wall thickness + 1/4 in. reinforcing pad = 7/16 in.) hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 7287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export \ Steam Stripper Re PK OE. mak Bottoms Pump Because the vessel is vertical and the nozzle is in the Z direction, the software defines flexibilities at node 40 for translation along the Z-axis and rotation about the X- and Y-axes. The other three degrees-of-freedom (the three local shear terms) remain rigid because the nozzle was modeled as a rigid connection with its thermal deflections 4. In the main window ribbon, click Home > Input > Piping Input 2 with Tutor-B as the current model file. The Classic Piping Input dialog box and a graphic view display. 2. Click File > Save As, and change the model file name to Tutor-B2 3. Click Next Element repeatedly to advance through the model, or double click the graphic view at the end of the horizontal run to display element 35-40. 4. Click the Displacements box. The Displacements tab of the auxiliary panel displays. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 01287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export 5. Change the value of Node 1 from 40 to 6000. Do not change the displacement values. Node: [6100 Vector 1 ox ‘0.0000 DY ‘02800 ‘pz_] _-0.1000 Re ‘0.0000 RY ‘0.0000 RZ. ‘0.0000 < [Tipmewanne] Node 6000 represents the steam stripper vessel. Because the vessel has thermal growth, the thermal displacements previously assigned to node 40 are reassigned to the new vessel node 6000. Do not define a piping element between nodes 40 and 6000. 6. Double-click the Nozzle Flex box. The Nozzles tab displays on the right. 7. Specify the following properties on the Nozzles tab: + Nozzle Type: WRC 297 + Nozzle Node: 40 + Vessel Node (optional): 6000 * Direction Cosines: VY: 1 [Tipmevanne] A value of 1 for the Y-direction vector specifies a vertical vessel. + Nozzle Details: + Outer Diameter: 8.625 + Wall Thickness: 0.322 + Distance to Stiffener or Head: 48.000 + Distance to Opposite Stiffener: 72.000 + Vessel Details: hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 597287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export * Outer Diameter: 60.000 + Wall Thickness: 0.250 * Pad Thickness: 0.188 * With the addition of these properties, the software applies the calculated nozzle flexibilities between nodes 40 and 6000. + For WRC 297, the nozzle and vessel orientation defines the local coordinate system. With the nozzle in the Z-direction and the vessel in the Y-direction, the new axial stiffness is in the global Z-direction (the nozzle centerline), longitudinal bending is about the global X-axis (bending into the vessel centerline or long axis), and circumferential bending is about the global Y-axis (about the vessel centerline) * Because WRC 297 flexibilities are sensitive to the proximity of stiffeners to the nozzle, the software specifies the vessel dimensions. A tray in the vessel is closest to the nozzle and 4 feet above the nozzle. On the other side of the nozzle, the bottom head tangent and skirt connection is 6 feet below. 8. Click Save [) to save definition of the WRC 297 vessel nozzle. Run a new static analysis for WRC 297 loads With the nozzle specification and the node number change for deflections at the vessel nozzle, the piping system model is ready for a new analysis. Check for errors 1. Click Start Run [®, or select File > Error Check to start the error checker. The Errors and Warnings report displays. The error checker produces two notes regarding the hanger sizing. Additionally, if the vessel node number is not included on any piping element, the software displays a hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 01287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export warning regarding the specification of a vessel node number in the WRC 297 input. This is acceptable because the displacements of the vessel node (node 6000) are defined. The report lists the flexibilities extracted from WRC 297: + Axial stiffness of 319, 226 Ib./in + Longitudinal bending stiffness of 291,036 in.Ib./deg * Circumferential bending stiffness of 58,665 in.lb./deg. These values are much less than the magnitude of the default rigid stiffness, which is 10E12. You can now perform a second static analysis on the model. Reanalyze the model 4. Click Batch Run && to run the static analysis. The software performs a new analysis for the piping system and load cases. When complete, the Static Output Processor displays. 2. Select the following options: + For Load Cases Analyzed, SHIFT-click to select the OPE, SUS, and EXP load cases + For Standard Reports, CTRL-click to select Displacements, Restraint Summary, and Stresses + For General Computed Results, select Hanger Table W/Text [Tipmevanne| These options simplify report creation, but create the following extra reports that have no meaning: EXP + Displacements, EXP + Restraint Summary, and OPE + Stresses. 1. For Output Viewer Wizard, click Add, and then click Finish. After processing completes, a tabbed window with all the reports displays. Review static output reports for the new analysis Because the flexibility at the vessel nozzle is the only change to the model, you do not need to perform a thorough review of the results. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 ov287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export Check the sustained and expansion stresses to confirm that they are still below their allowable limits CAESAR IT Job: Sut Licensed CAESAR IT TUTORIAL BOTTOMS PUNP TO STEAM STRIPPER STRESSES REPORT: Stresses on Elements CASE 4 (SUS) UPI eh eh rN TOTOR-B2 wor ERS@S—ToEe#0M guy tn SIP out code stress we, ap SEEy, fate Hane “Thvvagsin. CODE STRESS CHECK PASSED + LOMDCASE 4 (515) weP24H ighest stresses: (1b./sq.in.) codeStress Ratio (8) 7a thode 10 basi Stress? titoas 70 Benting stress: ttode 10 Hoop stress: tiode 10 30 Rax Intensity: tiiose 10 The highest sustained (SUS) stress is 1282 psi. This is below the allowable limit. Similarly, the highest expansion (EXP) stress is 14,103 psi (not shown). This is also below the allowable limit. Check the hanger selection Licensed To: sew = on BOTTORS PURP TO STEAM STRIPPER CAESAR IT sucER REPCET (Tape DATA FROM DEStoN FINS) ‘Moore REGD No.” SIzE AOVENT Lol LOAD. LAD PATE MOVEMENT (abo) Ub. /32e ean) = oa vaktaTicn = 179 mb pasce Tue) “7e0.000 ~(ane)~ ‘VARIABLE SUPPORT SPRING DESraNED .. JAxIWOR ALLOUED STIFLE SPRING LORD hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 e287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export The software selected a lighter size 9 spring for installation at node 28 for a 904 Ib. hot load. For the original analysis, the software selected a size 10 spring for a 1209 Ib. hot load. The weight of the piping system did not change, but the new analysis has a reduced longitudinal bending stiffness at the nozzle Check the loads at each restraint Review the Restraint Summary, which is too large to show here For the pump discharge nozzle at node 5: + The pump discharge nozzle loads reveal the impact of the change in flexibility at node 40. + The operating moment about the Z-axis shows the greatest change, dropping to 747 flb. from 5905 fib. * The shear force in the X-direction has been reduced by 50%. + The axial force in the Y-direction has risen from 1556 Ib. to 1809 Ib. This higher pump load is tied directly to the lighter hanger selection, which was also affected by the WRC 297 nozzle flexibilities. For the spring support at node 28: + In the operating position, the spring now carries 904 Ib instead of 1209 Ib. This reduction in the spring load returns as an additional 300 Ib. load on the pump nozzle. With the spring installed directly above the pump nozzle, increasing the load carried by the spring can reduce the load on the nozzle. For additional analyses, the hanger sizing procedure can be adjusted so that the hanger carries more load and the pump carries less load For the +Y support at node 35: + The +Y support reveals why the hanger load has changed so much. In the first analysis, the support at node 35 was not active in the operating case. The pipe rested on the support in its installed position, but lifted off the support as it went into operation. The hanger sizing algorithm re-adjusted the spring load so that the spring carries its portion of the system, with the system no longer resting at 35. In this second analysis, the restraint at 35 remains active in the operating position, therefore the hanger at 28 does not carry any additional load from 35. The added longitudinal bending flexibility at node 40 allows the pipe to rest at node 35. For the vessel nozzle at support 40: hnlps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 62287419124, 940 AM Hexagon Documentation Site Export * The support definition at node 40 shows the changes inherent in the WRC 297 nozzle flexibility calculations. Flexibilities are added in the axial and bending directions (Z, RX, and RY), while the shear terms (X, Y, and RZ) remain rigid. This added flexibility greatly reduces the bending moments about the X- and Y-axes at node 40. The reduced loads result from modeling refinements, not design modifications. If the vessel nozzle connection meets the requirements of WRC 297, you can gain much from nozzle flexibility. Show the displaced position of the piping system in its operating condition ante sem TOTOR-B2 0.0460 0.0304 -0.0345 -0.2991 -0.9074 -0.9109, 0000 000s 0030 2100 3187 2780 009s 0001 ‘0000 00 0009] The imposed thermal growth of the nozzle (in the original analysis) was removed from node 40 and redefined at node 6000. When you compare displacements at node 6000 and node 40, you can see the impact of the nozzle flexibilities. Circumferential bending flexibility (RY) and longitudinal bending flexibility (RX) play a large role in the weight distribution of the system. You now must reanalyze the pump discharge nozzle loads to see if they meet the. allowable limits of API 610. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Re-evaluate pump discharge nozzle loads You can now run another API-610 analysis using the updated discharge loads. 1. Close the Static Output Processor dialog box. 2. In the main window ribbon, click Analysis > Components/Equipment > Equipment Analysis "=. The Equipment Analysis dialog box displays, containing values from the initial analysis. 3. Select ® Load Case Sets in the Equipment pane, 4. For the Load Cases: Bottoms Pump - Discharge grid at the top of the Load Case Sets tab, click Refresh Linked Cases ©. The force and moment values for each load case update with values from the new static analysis. 5. Click Analyze Ai. As the analysis runs, the software places messages in the Event Log. A report displays on the Output tab when analysis completes. 6. On the Output tab, click Next Page > to advance to new pages. The report displays analysis results on the discharge nozzle for the OPE and SUS load cases. 7. Click Save kd Page 3 of the report shows that while results are improved, the analysis still exceeds API Table 5 limits for the operating load case. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 651287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Nozzle Summary - Table 5 Local Force (b) Local Moment (RIb.) gad Nozzle TYPE) Results | fk yy @ mx my mz Toads 0.00] 0.00) 0.00 0.00 0.00} 000 tu suction [Ratio 0.00] 0.00) 0.00) 000, 000] 00 Status | _Passed| Passed] _Passed| Passed Passed] Passed Toads | 296.00 747-00] 1009.00) 9098.00 296.00] 2949.00 > oiscnarge [Ratio oa] 107] 164 361026) 188i Status | Passed] Failed Failed] Failed Passed] Faled Toads 5.00] “OH -O76 OT] 35.00) TABOO 4500] |! oischarge | Ratio 001] 0.02) 089] 002) 058) 00d] Status | _Passed| Passed] Passed] Passed Passed] Passed The report shows that the Y-moment on the discharge nozzle is well below the limit, The X- moment remains more than twice the allowable load. The Z-moment also exceeds the allowable. Exceeding twice the allowable load would be fine if Condition F.1.2.b is satisfied, but it is not, as shown on page 5 of the report Output Summary - Check of Combined Conditions F.1, F.2, F.3, F4, FS Note: The Overall Status on the Output Summary for the pump analysis can pass, even if the Table 5 limitsare exceeded. Load | Overall Fa Fa Fe Cases _| Status [Rests] Ft Fe 'b ful. fulb Value a0 222| _1996.22] 324.00] 10988.51 sctu) Ratio! ou |Failes (are 20 2.00] $640.00] 6200.00] 12749.99) [Status | Passed] Faied|| Pasced| Passed] Passed The sum of the ratios is 2.82, which does not meet condition F.1.2.b, which states that the combined force/moment load ratios must be less than 2.0. The pump loads are still too high [Tipmevanne| The spring support in the model might prove the pump loads can be brought within their allowable values. As discussed in Review static output reports for the new analysis, the spring at node 28 directly controls the vertical load on the discharge nozzle This spring pre-load could be ideally set so that when the pump is in operation, there is no pump load in the Y-direction. For the current analysis, the hanger carries 904 Ib. in the hilps:ifdocs.hexaganpom.corvintor iwebappiprini2491bS56-2614-4513-9912-0274260a5164 601287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export operating position while the pump carries 1809 Ib. If the spring load carried 2713 Ib., the load on the pump would be zero (0) in Y. For a quick check, you can manually set the Y-load to 0, and then reanalyze the pump in Equipment Analysis. The results show Condition F.1.2.b reduced to 2.33, which remains above the allowable load limits. Pump loads are still above allowables, and a redesign of the system is needed. Redesign the piping system As discussed in Review the model, the large X-moment at the pump discharge nozzle (node 5) is caused by the thermal expansion of leg A (from node 35 to node 40) working against the stiffness of legs B and C. If the thermal strain of leg A is fixed, only the system stiffness can be changed to reduce the operating load at node 5. You can reduce this stiffness by adding an expansion loop or an expansion joint. For this tutorial, you will add an expansion loop. eo ® The best location for an expansion loop is determined by the orientation of leg A, which creates the excessive thermal strain. The added piping to generate the expansion loop lies perpendicular to leg A. For this system, pipe can be added in either the X- or Y-direction. This added pipe effectively increases the cantilever length which is displaced by leg A. By increasing the cantilever length, the stiffness is reduced and loads drop. hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 erre87419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export There are several conditions which set the loop size: + Available support location + Maximum distance between supports + Cost of pipe * Available space For this tutorial, you will add an eight-foot by eight-foot loop of pipe and an additional support on leg A in the X-direction. For systems that are not analyzed, the recommended maximum spacing between supports for 8-inch water-filled pipe is 19 feet (see ASME B31.1 121.5 or MSS SP-69). The 8-foot loop run lengthens the 30 - 35 pipe from 12 feet to 20 feet, which is close to the recommended spacing 8°x8' oop with tional support hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 01287419124, 940 0M Hexagon Documentation Site Export Modify existing elements in the model [Tipimevseae] When testing layout modifications, you should save the existing model as a new file and leave the original model intact. If the proposed changes do not produce the required results, the original model is still available for the next attempt, You then do not have to delete the proposed changes from the model J 41. Return to the main window ribbon, and click Home > Input > Piping Input J with Tutor-B2 as the current model file. The Classic Piping Input dialog box and a graphic view display. 2. Click File > Save As, and give the model file a new name of Tutor-B3. 3. Click Next Element + repeatedly to advance through the model to display element 30-35 [S852 You can also click on element 30-35 or use Find Node @ to go directly to the element 4. In the DX box, type -20- to change the element length from 12 ft. to 20 ft. Press TAB. 5. Click the Restraints box to display the Restraints tab on the right. 6. For the +Y restraint, change Node from 35 (the node at the end of the elbow) to 33 (the node at the beginning of the elbow) + The recommended maximum spacing, a conservative guideline, of 19 feet for an 8-inch pipe limits sag between supports to 0.1 in. With the restraint at node hnps:ildocs.hexagonpom.convintemallapiwebappiprin!2491b5S6-2614-4613-9912-027a260a5I64 697287