Digital Humanities Eine Einführung 1st
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Fotis Jannidis / Hubertus Kohle /
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Digital
Humanities
Eine Einführung
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F. Jannidis et al. (Hrsg.), Digital Humanities,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-476-05446-3_1, © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, 2017
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F. Jannidis et al. (Hrsg.), Digital Humanities,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-476-05446-3_2, © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, 2017
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F. Jannidis et al. (Hrsg.), Digital Humanities,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-476-05446-3_3, © Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, 2017
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CHAPTER XIII
Be Just
INTRODUCTION TO CHAPTER XIII
By A. S. Zook
“Be just,” is a mandate from the Court of Conscience. The law of
that forum is the “Golden Rule:” “All things whatsoever ye would
that men should do unto you, do ye even so unto them.”
If you would be just, never change the venue of your cases from the
forum of your conscience, even though you might, outside the
vicinage of conscience, be the winner every time. Venue changes
from one civil forum to another, often brand the taker as a coward.
Frequently it happens in the business world and in social trials, if
one shies around the court of conscience in selecting his tribunal, he
may win a verdict that will bear no scrutiny thereafter in the Court of
Error, Supreme on High!
Be just to self, unmarred by vice; just to parents as admonished by
the words: “Honor thy father and thy mother;” just to brother and
sister, and thus respect the home that sent you forth. The animals
that serve us nobly should be treated justly. Shame and indignation
rest upon the one who harshly treats the noble horse.
Justice rules the throttle of the heart of him who glides along the
way of life, and teaches him to render unto man his proper dues at
every station on the journey.
CHAPTER XIII
Be Just
Archbishop Abbot of Canterbury when preaching the funeral sermon
of Lord Buckhurst, did not dwell on his merits as a statesman, or his
genius as a poet, but upon his virtues as a man in relation to the
ordinary duties of life. “How many rare things were in him,” said he,
“one of which was justice.” The first and most essential exercise of
love toward other persons is respect of their rights. It is a virtue that
will govern one’s thoughts, engineer one’s actions, influence one’s
life, and command the universal esteem of mankind.
To be just means to deal fairly with others. It is conformity to the
principle of right, truthfulness to promise, faithfulness to
engagement and trustworthiness in every capacity. True, it is not
always done. In business, wrong methods, short measures, false
weights are often used. In society misrepresentation seems to hold
an important part, but no boy need resort to such measures, for he
can succeed without them.
JUSTNESS POSSIBLE AND PROFITABLE.
When Athens was governed by the thirty tyrants, Socrates was
summoned to the Senate Chamber and ordered to go with others
whom they named, to seize one Leon, a man of rank and fortune
whom they determined to slay that they might enjoy his estate. This
commission Socrates positively refused. “I will not willingly,” said he,
“assist in an unjust act.” One of the tyrants sharply replied, “Dost
thou think, Socrates, to talk in this high tone, and not suffer?” “Far
from it,” replied he, “I expect to suffer a thousand ills, but none so
great as to do unjustly.”
Percy tells of a Persian king who desired a little salt to season some
venison while on a hunting expedition. One of his attendants went to
a neighboring village and took some by force. The king, suspecting
the theft, ordered that he should immediately go and pay for it,
saying: “This is a small thing in itself, but a great one as regards me,
for a king ought always to be just, because he is an example to his
subjects, and if he swerves in trifles he will become dissolute. If I
cannot make all my subjects just in the smallest thing, I can at least
show them that it is possible for me to be so.”
THE INJUSTICE OF A MOORISH KING.
Injustice in word or deed, however small, is a crime, which may
benefit the doer for a time, but which will eventually pain him more
than him to whom it is done. “If thou hadst,” said Carlyle, “all the
artillery of the world marching at thy back in the support of an unjust
thing, it would not be a success. If the thing is not just thou hast not
succeeded.” A Moorish king desired to purchase a piece of ground
from a woman who preferred to keep it. Thereupon the king seized it
and built upon it a pavilion. The poor woman complained to the cadi
and he promised to do all in his power to make it right. One day,
while the king was in the field, the cadi came with an empty sack and
asked to fill it with the earth on which he was treading. Having
obtained leave he filled the sack, and then requested the king to
complete his kindness by helping him load it on his horse. The
monarch laughed, and tried to lift it, but soon let it drop,
complaining of its great weight. “It is however,” said the cadi, “only a
small part of the ground thou hast wrested from one of thy subjects;
how then wilt thou bear the weight of the whole field, when thou
shalt appear before the great Judge laden with thine iniquity?” The
reproof was severe. The conscience of the king troubled him now like
a rawhide lash, and he restored the field to its owner, together with
the pavilion and the wealth it contained.
TO WHOM TO BE JUST.
When William the Conqueror left the shores of France eight
centuries ago, to make conquest of England, the figure-head of the
royal galley in which he sailed, and which led the fleet, was a golden
boy pointing the way across the channel to England and to victory.
Significant the symbol! What the future will be depends on the boys
of the present, and if they point with justness toward themselves and
others, it will mean the ushering in of a golden era.
In being just, every boy should love himself to that extent to deal
honorably with every faculty of his nature, giving it due authority in
the government of his conduct. He should not allow his affections to
be loose, his will to run haphazard like a clock without a pendulum,
or his appetite to be always gratified, like the voracious whirlpool of
Niagara, but with self-respect he should make them subservient to
his better nature. In his early political days, President Garfield was
urged to do some doubtful political action. He replied: “It is
impossible, I must eat and sleep and live constantly with James A.
Garfield; and I am bound to have his good opinion of my conduct,
even if I must forfeit that of everybody else.”
“Here, sir, clean my boots,” said a British officer to Andrew
Jackson, who, when a boy of thirteen was captured in the
Revolutionary War. “I am a prisoner of war, sir, and I look for such
treatment as I am entitled to.” The officer flew into a rage, and,
drawing his sword, aimed a blow at the boy’s head. To ward it off
Andrew raised his arm and the sharp blade cut the flesh to the bone.
Years after when Andrew was President of the United States he
would point to it as an evidence of the officer’s injustice to him, when
the rules of war acknowledged that he was simply exercising justness
to himself.
Every boy should also be just to others. “Do unto others as ye
would they should do unto you” is a good motto. Following this, what
a delightful world this would be. Better wages would be given, the
poor, crime and criminals would decrease; less trickery would be
associated with business, and a better standard in measuring one’s
conduct would be used.
There once lived in Marseilles an elderly man who was considered
a miser, because he carried on a flourishing business, yet never
seemed to spend any more than he could help. He lived alone in one
room, dressed poorly and never allowed himself any luxuries. People
pointed the finger of scorn at him on the street, children mocked him
as he passed, yet he never resented their unkindness. At last he was
missed. Search being made, he was found dead in his room. In his
hand was a paper. It proved to be a will by which the whole of his
great fortune was given to provide the city of Marseilles with free and
pure water for the use of all. For this object he had spared and saved
and suffered shame and abuse, that the very people who had ill-
treated him might be given this blessing for which they suffered. He
had been unjustly criticised, because the people did not understand
his motive. How much better to speak and act justly! Cruel words
wound, cruel actions crush. They may not be the most severe, but as
a mouse can trouble an elephant, a gnat worry a lion, a flea disgust a
giant, so these little unjust words and works make life unpleasant to
those to whom they are done. Better employ Maximilian’s motto,
“Let justice be done though the heavens fall,” for such will finally
triumph for good.
REWARD OF JUSTICE.
To be just on all occasions demands concentration of one’s moral
powers, as the capture of a strong city sometimes demands the forces
both of land and sea. It is easy to be just to a friend, but one cannot
afford to be otherwise to an enemy. Justice knows no class or caste.
Thus the Egyptians represented it as a human form without hands or
eyes, indicating that he accepted no bribes, knew no difference
between friend or foe, was not influenced by fear or favor, but
decided every case on its merits.
A MEMORIAL OF JUSTICE.
During the reign of Frederick, king of Prussia, there was near
Potsdam a mill which interfered with a view from the window of his
palace. Annoyed by this inconvenience to his favorite residence the
king sent to inquire the price for which it would be sold. “For no
price,” was the reply of the sturdy Prussian. In a moment of anger,
Frederick gave orders that the mill be torn down. “The king may do
this,” the miller quietly remarked, folding his arms, “but there are
laws in Prussia,” and forthwith he commenced proceedings against
the monarch. The court decided that the king must rebuild the mill,
and pay besides a large sum of money as compensation for the injury
which he had done. He was very mortified on learning this, but
instead of disdaining the order, turned to his courtiers and said, “I
am glad to find that just laws and upright judges exist in my
kingdom.” Years after, the proprietor of the mill, having been
reduced in circumstances, wrote to the king, stating if his majesty
now entertained a similar desire to obtain possession of the property,
it would be very agreeable to him in his present embarrassed
circumstances, to sell the mill. The king immediately wrote the
following reply:
“My dear Neighbor,—
“I cannot allow you to sell the mill. It must remain in your possession as long
as one member of your family exists, for it belongs to the history of Prussia. I
lament, however, to hear that you are in circumstances of embarrassment, and
forthwith enclose a check large enough to arrange your affairs. Consider me
always
“Your affectionate neighbor,
“Frederick William.”
My boy, be just. You can if you will, and there is no reason in all
the varied activities and experiences of life, why you should not.
“To thine own self be true,
And it must follow as the night the day
Thou canst not then be false to any man.”
Do not be just from a mercenary idea, for that is only another form
of injustice. But be just because it is right, and right makes men, and
men are the great need of the hour.
“Poise then, the cause in Justice’s equal scales,
Whose beam stands sure, whose rightful cause prevails.”
CHAPTER XIV
Be Kind
INTRODUCTION TO CHAPTER XIV
By George T. Angell
Whenever a brave, kind word needs to be said, say it; whenever a
brave, kind act needs to be done, do it. Always feed the song birds,
but spare their nests; sprinkle ashes in icy streets, that men and
horses may not fall; put the blankets that have blown off the horses
on again, and tuck them under the harness; protect the useful toad,
and avoid treading on the useful and harmless worm.
“Be kind to dumb creatures, nor grudge them your care;
God gave them their life, and your love they must share;
And He who the sparrow’s fall tenderly heeds,
Will lovingly look on compassionate deeds.”
In our “Band of Mercy” we have a pledge which every boy should
heed, which will make him not only happier but better and more
merciful in all the relations of life. “I will try to be kind to all
harmless, living creatures, both human and dumb, and will try and
protect them from cruel usage.” Do this, my boy, and you will be
happy in the doing.
CHAPTER XIV
Be Kind
The story is related of a king who had a boy in whom he took great
delight. He gave him beautiful rooms to live in, with rich pictures
and books, and servants to wait on him wherever he went. He also
provided teachers who were to impart knowledge to him of things
which would make him good and great; but with all this the young
prince was unhappy. He wore a frown wherever he went, and was
always wishing for something he did not have. At length one day a
magician came to court. He saw the scowl on the boy’s face, and said
to the king, “I can make your son happy and turn his frowns into
smiles, but you must pay me a large sum for telling him the secret.”
“All right,” said the king, “whatever you ask I will give.” The price
was agreed upon and paid, and the magician took the boy into a
private room. He wrote something with a white substance on a piece
of paper, then gave the boy a candle, and told him to light it, hold it
under the paper, and see what he could read. He then departed. The
boy did as he had been told and the white letters turned into a
beautiful blue. They formed these words, “Do a kindness to some one
every day.” The prince was very much impressed with these words
and undertook to put them into practice, and this resulted in his
becoming very popular and useful in the realm.
KINDNESS AND UNKINDNESS.
Few words are greater in the English language than kindness. It is
as mighty as it is gentle. Few things cost so little, yet benefit so much.
But unkindness always arises from a heart inclined more or less to be
cruel. Because of this the memory of Nero has been treated with
contempt for ages. When a boy, he delighted in torturing flies by
pulling off their legs, and then watching them struggle to get away.
When he became emperor he burnt the Christians in his gardens,
and wished that all the Romans had but one neck that he might cut
off their heads at one blow. Thoreau, on the other hand, is revered
for his gentle, loving disposition. Though an ardent naturalist he
seldom if ever inflicted death for the sake of the furtherance of his
scientific observations. About the year 1845 he took to the woods
near Walden Pond, Massachusetts, and built a house, to the surprise
of the raccoons and squirrels. But the animals soon learned that he
meant them no harm. He would lie down on a fallen tree, or on the
edge of a rock, and at his call they would come to him. Even the
snakes would wind around his legs, and the squirrels would hide
their heads in his waistcoat. The fish in the river knew him, and
would allow him to lift them from the water. He could pull a
woodchuck out of his hole by its tail. Rabbits and birds paid no heed
whatever to him while he sat and watched them or plied his work by
chopping trees and raising vegetables, and when he built his house
over the nest of a woodmouse, which at first became alarmed, it soon
became so tame as to pick the crumbs at his feet and nibble the
cheese in his hand.
THE BRAVEST ARE THE TENDEREST.
Some years ago, General David S. Stanley was laying out the route
for a great railroad across the plains. There were two thousand men,
twenty-five hundred horses and mules, and a train of two hundred
and fifty wagons heavily laden. One day the general was riding at the
head of the broad column, when suddenly his voice rang out: “Halt!”
A bird’s nest lay on the ground directly in front of him. In another
moment the horses would have trampled on the nestlings. The
mother bird was flying about and chirping in the greatest anxiety.
But the brave general had not brought out his army to destroy a
bird’s nest. He halted a moment, looked at the little birds and then
gave the order: “Left oblique!” Men, horses, mules and wagons
turned aside and spared the home of the helpless bird. Years after,
those who crossed the plains saw a great bend in the trail, which was
the bend made to avoid crushing the bird’s nest.
George Stephenson, when a boy, would never rob a bird’s nest,
because, as he used to tell his companions: “It grieves the old bird.”
One day when his genius was changing the face of the earth by the
railway engine, he went to an upper room of his house and closed a
window. It had been open a long time because of the intense summer
heat, but now the weather was becoming cooler, and Mr. Stephenson
thought it would be well to shut it. Two or three days later he
chanced to observe a bird flying against it with all its might as if
trying to break it. His curiosity was aroused. He went at once and
opened the window and as he did so the bird flew straight to one
particular spot in the room, where Stephenson saw a nest. The poor
bird looked at it and then fluttered to the floor, broken-hearted and
almost dead. The great man drew near. There sat the mother bird,
and under her wings four tiny ones, all dead. Tenderly he lifted the
exhausted bird from the floor and carefully tried to revive it, but it
speedily died. In its beak was a worm it had long struggled to bring
to its home and little ones, and as Mr. Stephenson looked, he wept.
The brave Colonel John Sobieski thought the unwanton killing of
birds nothing short of murder. Speaking of one of his hunting trips
he said, “Sauntering leisurely along under tall elms, I heard a bird
singing, and looking up, I saw a wee bit of a bird perched upon a lofty
limb, singing very sweetly. Without a moment’s thought, and without
the slightest idea that I could hit so small a mark, I up and banged
away. I saw some feathers fly, and the little songster came dropping
down from branch to branch, and fell at my feet. I stooped down and
picked it up. It was a tiny little thing, not much bigger than my
thumb, of a yellowish-green color, as beautiful as it could be. Then,
like a flash, the thought came to me, ‘What a contemptible deed I
have done. Here was one of God’s beautiful creatures that had just as
much right to existence as I, and its life, doubtless, was as sweet to it
as mine was to me, and at that very moment that it was singing its
beautiful songs to make the world more pleasant and glorious, I had
brutally shot it to death.’ I carefully buried it among the leaves, and
then promised myself that I would never again wantonly destroy life.
I regard this the greatest crime I ever committed.”
DUMB ANIMALS.
Sometimes boys are unkind to dumb animals, teasing them for
sport or imposing on them for gain. Few animals show more fidelity
and attachment to us than the dog and horse. What warnings the
former gives! How faithfully he watches by day and night! With what
cheerful alacrity the “Shepherd” goes for the cattle and the “Mastiff”
protects the home! How many lives have been saved from a watery
grave by the “Newfoundland,” or from a snowy one by the “St.
Bernard!”
Walter Scott tells of a dog which saved his master from being
burned alive. The dog of Montargis vainly defended his master
against the enemy, but successfully led to the discovery of the
murderer. A pet spaniel saved the life of William the Silent by
scratching his face, when asleep. A body of Alva’s Spanish troops
surprised Dutch William’s camp, and though his guards perished, he
effected his escape by mounting a horse. In the excavation of the
buried city of Herculaneum, the skeleton of a dog was found
stretched over that of a boy twelve years of age, which he endeavored
to save from death by suffocation or fire. All that remained to tell the
story of its fidelity was a collar with an inscription that told how on
three occasions it had saved the life of its master, once from the sea,
once from robbers, and once from wolves.
Of the horse many beautiful and pathetic stories are related. It is
said they never forget a road once traveled, and are very loving in
their attachment. During the Peninsular war a trumpeter of French
cavalry was killed. Many days after the engagement, his body was
found, guarded by his faithful charger, which had stayed by its dead
master, protecting his body. When found, the poor horse was in a sad
condition; so great was its grief, that even after the trumpeter had
been buried it required great persuasion to be prevailed upon to eat.
Some animals can take their part, as many a boy, through
lacerated fingers and severe wounds and bruises, knows. But there
are many which cannot, yet every one is entitled to and appreciates
kindness. “There is,” as Ruskin said, “a flash of strange light through
which their life looks out and up to our great mystery of command
over them, and claiming the fellowship of the creature, if not of the
soul.”
“I WAS THAT BOY.”
Boys should be kind to one another. Unkind acts are lasting as
indelible ink; they are like letters written in lemon-juice, which
become legible when brought before the fire; they stir the heart,
awaken memory, and distress the soul. A prominent lawyer who
became attorney general of Missouri relates that while in Governor
Steward’s office, a convict was brought in from the penitentiary to
receive a pardon at the Governor’s hands. The convict was a
steamboat man, with the rough manners of his class. Looking at him
the Governor became greatly affected. Then he signed the document
which restored the man’s liberty, but before handing it over said,
“You will commit some crime, I fear, and will soon be back in
prison.” The man protested that such a thing should never again
happen. “You will go back to the river and be a mate again, I
suppose?” asked the Governor. The man said that was his intention.
“Well, I want you to pledge me your word that when you are mate
again you will never take a billet of wood, and drive a poor sick boy
out of his bunk to help load your boat on a stormy night.” The man
promised that he never would, and in surprise asked the Governor
why he desired such a pledge. “Because,” answered he, “some day
that boy may become Governor, and you may want him to pardon
you for some crime. One stormy black night, many years ago you
stopped your boat on the Mississippi to take on a load of wood. There
was a boy on board working his passage from New Orleans to St.
Louis, but he became sick and was lying in his bunk. You had enough
men to do the work, but you went to that sick boy, drove him to the
deck with blows and curses, and kept him toiling like a slave till the
load was complete. I was that boy. Here is your pardon. Never again
be guilty of so brutal an act.” The prisoner took the pardon, covered
his face and went out, ashamed of his conduct, and greatly affected
by the charity of one who showed mercy when he could have had
revenge.
“YOU CALLED ME BROTHER.”
My boy, be kind. “If a man would have friends, he must show
himself friendly.” “A little thought and a little kindness,” said Ruskin,
“are often worth more than a great deal of money.” Of Cornelius
Vanderbilt it was said, “He was a man of the utmost kindliness, who
treated all, of whatever station, with courtesy, and age with
deference.” Julian Ralph writing of General Wade Hampton said,
“He was a gentleman; and the qualities of mercy, kindliness and
protection to the lowly were strong in his blood.” It is kindness in the
heart, on the lips and at the finger-tips, which wins the affection not
only of beasts and birds, but also of men, women and children.
Be kind in voice. No member has more power of good or evil. A
single word may sting like an adder, or soothe like oil. It can thrill to
action, drive to madness, or lead to despair. It can cut the heart like
sorrow, or cheer like sunshine. Look out for your words. Take care of
the tones. It is not always so much what one says as the manner in
which it is said. Elihu Burritt wisely remarked, “There is no one thing
that love so much needs as a sweet voice, to tell what it means and
feels. One must start in youth, and be on the watch night and day, at
work and play to get and keep a voice that shall speak at all times the
thoughts of a kind heart.”
During the famine in Russia when thousands were reduced to the
verge of starvation, Count Tolstoi passed a beggar on the street
corner. Stretching out his gaunt hands, the miserable creature asked
for alms. Tolstoi felt in all his pockets for a coin to bestow upon him.
He turned his pockets inside out, but to no purpose. His money had
already been spent in charity and he had nothing. Taking the
beggar’s hand in both of his, he said: “Do not be angry with me,
brother, I have nothing with me.” The gaunt face lighted up, the man
lifted his bloodshot eyes, his blue lips parted in a smile. “But you
called me brother; that was a great gift,” he said. Yes, kind words,
gentle words, sympathetic words are cheap. They cost nothing, but
profit greatly. They are like oil to machinery. They disarm anger and
are a tonic to the disheartened. Therefore
“Keep a watch on your words, my boy,
For words are wonderful things;
They are sweet like the bees’ fresh honey,
Like bees, they have terrible stings;
They can bless like the warm, glad sunshine,
And brighten the lonely life;
They can cut in the strife of anger,
Yes, cut like a two-edged knife.”
ONLY A SHILLING.
Be kind in act. Hands are deaf and dumb, but they should be the
instruments of a tender heart, having a soft touch. Gladstone, with
an empire on his shoulders, found time to leave Parliament and carry
flowers to a little sick crossing-sweeper. A small girl selling chestnuts
arrested the attention of a young man who gave her a shilling. Years
after a poor man called upon a rich bank director to ask for a position
as messenger. The director’s wife recognized him as he passed out.
She learned his business with her husband and said with
earnestness, “Give him the situation.” “Why?” he asked. The wife told
the story how he had given her the shilling. The husband was pleased
to favor his wife and that night the man received a note as he sat by
his sick wife. Opening it, he exclaimed: “Good news, wife! We shall
not starve; here is a promise of a situation.” His wife called his
attention to something that fell upon the floor. It was a fifty pound
note folded in a paper bearing the inscription, “In grateful
remembrance of the shilling which a kind stranger bestowed on a
little girl selling chestnuts twenty years ago.”
Be kind, my boy. There is a magic charm connected with it. So
thought William Cowper, who said he would not trust a man who
would with his foot crush a worm. So thought the private secretary of
President Lincoln, when he found him in the Capitol grounds trying
to put a little bird back to the nest from which it had fallen. So
thought George Dana Boardman, who could not enjoy the so-called
sports of hunting and fishing, because of the suffering they wrought
upon the innocent and helpless. Ah, my lad, just as Androcles
extracted the thorn from the lion’s paw, and was afterwards
defended by that lion, kindness seldom goes unrecompensed. It gives
satisfaction to the donor and comfort to the donee.
“You never can tell when you do an act
Just what the result will be;
But with every deed you are sowing a seed,
Though its harvest you may not see.
Each kindly act is an acorn dropped
In God’s productive soil;
Which you may not know, yet the tree shall grow
And shelter the brows that toil.”
CHAPTER XV
Be Generous
INTRODUCTION TO CHAPTER XV
By Gen. Thomas J. Morgan
God blesses still the generous thought
And still the fitting word he speeds,
And truth, at His requiring taught,
He quickens into deeds.
—Whittier.
One of the noblest traits which a boy can cultivate in his relations
with his fellows is that of generosity. He is a mean fellow who is
always thinking and planning for himself only and seeking to get the
advantage of others. A noble-hearted, manly boy thinks of the
welfare of those around him, and is always ready to lend a hand to
those that are in need. Deeds of generosity tend to develop a
character which everybody admires. Generosity pays; it begets self-
respect; enlarges a boy’s views and sympathies, and brings him into
delightful relationship with kindred minds. If you have anything
especially good don’t fail to share it with others who have less, or
none. Be generous.
CHAPTER XV
Be Generous
During one of his wars Napoleon captured two British sailors and
confined them in a prison in central France. The men escaped and
made their way to Boulogne on the sea coast, without being
discovered. For a long time they could get no further. The love of
home and liberty at length grew too strong to be resisted, and they
resolved to take chances on their departure. With no other tools than
their knives the Englishmen made a boat of small pieces of wood. It
was a leaky affair when completed, and in order to make it float they
had to cover it with some old scraps of sail. Sure of being shot if
discovered, and with every chance of being drowned if they reached
the open sea, they decided to attempt to cross the stormy English
Channel in their rickety skiff. In the afternoon before they were to
make the effort they saw an English frigate within sight of the coast,
and hastened to launch the crazy craft and tried to reach the vessel.
Some French soldiers discovered them, and, leaping into a boat, soon
brought them back. The captors were very much astonished at the
daring of the sailors, and soon the news of their adventure spread
throughout the camp, and the wonderful courage of the two men was
the subject of general remark. At length the episode came to the ears
of Napoleon. The great soldier was always attracted by a bold deed,
and went to look at the boat in which the sailors had started. After
seeing it he was more impressed than ever, and had the Englishmen
brought before him. “Is it really true,” he said, “that you thought of
crossing the sea in this?” “Sire,” said one of them, “if you doubt it,
give us leave to go and see us depart.” “I will,” exclaimed the
emperor. “You are brave men. I admire courage wherever I meet it.
You are at liberty. But you need not risk your lives. I will put you
aboard an English ship. When you reach London, tell your
countrymen how I admire bravery, even in an enemy.” He gave the
sailors money and saw that they were well treated. The French
officers were very much astonished, for the captives had been
condemned to death, but Napoleon’s generosity granted their
freedom, and with it a safe conduct to their homes.
WHAT IT MEANS.
What Napoleon was in this instance every boy can be. Generosity
is a beautiful characteristic of a noble soul. As the hands of a clock
tell the hour of time, generosity bespeaks heart-felt love and
sympathy. And
“The truly generous is the truly wise;
And he who loves not others lives unblest.”
This word “generous” was once supposed to apply to nobility of
descent, but now it applies to nobility of character. It is used in
several ways, yet all fit and depend on each other as joists fit in
mortises. Some one has defined the word as greatness of mind.
Mind, that which Seneca calls “the proper judge of man,” “that which
makes,” as Shakespeare said, “the body rich.” But greatness of mind
is much more significant. It is like a large number before a cipher. It
is, as Johnson said: “Great in great things and elegant in little
things.”
“If there is a boy in school,” says Horace Mann, “who has a club
foot, don’t let him know you ever saw it. If there is a boy with ragged
clothes, don’t talk about rags in his hearing. If there is a lame boy,
assign him to some part of the game that does not require running. If
there is a hungry one, give him part of your dinner. If there is a dull
one, help him to get his lessons. If there is a bright one, be not
envious of him, for, if one boy is proud of his talents and another is
envious of them, there are two great wrongs and no more talent than
before. If a larger or stronger boy has injured you, and is sorry for it,
forgive him. All the school will show by their countenances how
much better it is than to have a great fuss. And remember Him who
said: ‘Love your enemies,’ ‘bless them which curse you.’”
MEANNESS AND INJUSTICE.
As the North Pole is the opposite to the South Pole, so generosity
stands over against selfishness. It glories in the right but scorns the
wrong. “What can I do for you, madam?” asked President Jackson of
an early caller at the White House. “Mr. President,” replied the
visitor, “I am a poor widow and keep a boarding-house on E Street.
Mr. H. has boarded with me for several months, but declines to settle
his account. He receives a good salary as a clerk in the Treasury
Department, but I cannot collect any money of him.” “Why not?” “He
won’t pay it, sir.” “How much does he owe you, madam?” “Nearly
$200.” “What is his salary?” “Almost $2,000 a year.” “That is a fair
income,” said the President, thoughtfully, “he ought to live on that.”
“He has paid me nothing for five months, sir. I need the money and
came to ask your advice how to get it.” “He admits his
indebtedness?” “Yes, sir, but he avoids me, on pay days, and I can get
no satisfaction from him, after repeated solicitations.” “He must pay
you, madam.” “I hope he can be made to. I can ill afford to lose it.”
“Go to him,” said Jackson, “and get his note at thirty days for the full
amount and interest.” “His note, sir! It wouldn’t be worth a penny.”
“Get his note,” repeated the President, “and come to me again. We
shall see how much it will be worth.” The widow withdrew. “I must
have some kind of settlement of our account to-day,” she said to the
delinquent boarder at noon, “if you cannot pay me cash you must
give me your note at thirty days for the full amount and interest.”
“Note? Certainly,” replied the clerk, carelessly, “I’ll give you half a
dozen notes if that will do you any good. What are you going to do
with it?” he continued, as he handed her the paper, without the
slightest intention of paying it at maturity. “Collect it,” replied the
landlady, firmly. “Hope you’ll have a good time and be successful at
it,” said H., smiling sarcastically. “I certainly shall,” said the widow.
“This note squares our account in full. You will please find other
accommodations, Mr. H., from to-day.” Mr. H. left as requested, and
next morning the widow called on the President a second time.
“Good morning, madam,” said he, “did you get the note?” “Oh, yes,
sir. He was very ready. But he laughed at me for being so easily
satisfied with his mere promise to pay.” “Well, madam,” said the
President, as he took the note and wrote boldly across the back,
“Andrew Jackson,” “put this in the Washington Bank for collection.
You’ve got a good endorser, at all events. The note will be paid at
maturity. Good morning, madam.”
In due time the landlady notified H. that his note for $200 was due
at the bank, on a certain day, but he only smiled. “But that note will
surely be paid,” said the widow, confidently, “for I’ve got a good
man’s name on the back of it.” “Have you, indeed?” asked the clerk,
with a chuckle. “Who was fool enough to endorse my note for $200?”
Merely out of curiosity to see who the fool was, he called at the bank
the day the note was due. But he did not laugh when he read the
endorsement. He could not afford to let that name go to protest, so
he paid the note at once. Three days later he received the following
letter:
Treasury Department.
Washington, D. C.,
....183..
Mr. L. H.——
Sir:
Your services as clerk in the —th auditor’s office will not be required after this
date. By order of the President.
Yours, etc.,
...............
Secretary, etc.
LIBERALITY.
The word generous is now generally used for liberality. Hon.
Chester Kingsley, who has given freely of his means to benevolent
objects, tells how when a boy he used to pray God to give him “a
hand to get and a heart to give.” Such a prayer was far-reaching. It
meant co-operation of hand and heart, a hand to be industrious, a
heart to be charitable. Here is a lesson for every boy. Train the hand
to make an honest dollar, the heart to consecrate it to noble purpose
and the mind to learn discretion in giving.
If there is one thing that creates happiness more than another, it is
making some one else happy.
“True happiness (if understood)
Consists alone in doing good.”
So wrote the poet Thomson. “It is more blessed to give than to
receive,” said the most liberal Giver of the ages. One needs to give to
keep the heart open, to give without looking for returns, though such
giving, like the dove of Noah’s ark, always comes back in due season
with the olive leaf of reward.
LEGEND AND FACT.
A poor fatherless boy, according to a German legend, had gathered
in the woods a dish of strawberries. Returning home, a venerable old
man startled him by calling out, “My lad, let me have thy full dish
and thou take my empty one.” Pity for the old man’s weakness and
helplessness overcame the boy’s reluctance to part with his berries,
and he made the exchange. Soon he filled the empty dish and
returned with it to his mother, to whom he told the story of his
adventure. “Ah, happy are we, my child,” she exclaimed, “the dish is
pure gold.” Though simple the story, it illustrates this profound
truth, that the simplest and freest gifts return to us in richer and
more acceptable favors. Then
“Give to the world the best you have,
And the best will come back to you.”
A poor soldier one day called at the shop of a hair-dresser, who
was busy with his customers, and asked relief, stating that he had
stayed beyond his leave of absence, and unless he could get passage
on a coach, fatigue and severe punishment awaited him. The hair-
dresser listened to his story respectfully and gave him a guinea. “God
bless you, sir!” exclaimed the soldier, astonished at the amount, “how
can I repay you? I have nothing in the world but this,” pulling a dirty
scrap of paper from his pocket. “It is a receipt for making blacking,
and is the best that was ever seen. Many a half guinea I have had for
it from the officers, and many bottles have I sold. May you be able to
get something for it to repay you for your kindness to a poor soldier.”
Oddly enough, that dirty piece of paper proved worth half a million
pounds to the hair-dresser. It was no less than the receipt for the
famous Day and Martin’s blacking, the hair-dresser being the late
wealthy Mr. Day, whose factory is one of the notable sights of the
English metropolis.
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