36 WtG CBSE Champion Physics Class 12

Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions

2.2 Electrostatic Potential (c) 1.5 Vmalong -X-axis
(d) 1.5Vm along +x-axis. (Term I 2021-22)
VSA (1 mark)
7 Equipotentials at a large distance from acolection
1
The physical quantity having Slunit NC-' mis of charges whose total sum is not zero are
(2020) (R (a) spheres (b) planes
2.3 Potential due to a Point Charge (c) ellipsoids (d) paraboloids
(Term I2021-22) R
VSA (1 mark)
VSA (1 mark)
2. A point charge +Q is placed at point O as shown in
thefigure. Is the potential difference VA- VB positive, 8 Why are electric field lines perpendicular at a point
negative or zero? on an equipotential surface of aconductor?
(AI 2015C) (U
A B
OR
(Delhi 2016, Foreign 2016)
"For any charge configuration, equipotential surface
2.4 Potential due to an Electric through apoint is normal to the electric field" Justify.
(Delhi 2014)
Dipole 9 What is the geometrical shape of equipotential
SA II (3 marks) surfaces due to a single isolated charge?
3 Derive the expression for the electric potential due (Delhi 2013)
to an electric dipole at a point on its axial line. 10. Two charges 2 uC and -2 uC are placed at points
(2/3, Delhi 2017) (Ap Aand B, 5 cm apart. Depict an equipotential surface
OR of the system. (Delhi 2013C) U)
Obtain the expression for the potential due to an SAII (3 marks)
electric dipole of dipole moment p at a point 'x' on
11. Draw the equipotential surface due to an electric
the axial line. (2/5, Al 2013C) (R dipole. (1/3, Delhi 2019)
2.5 Potential due to a System of Charges OR
SAI (2 marks) Depict the equipotential surfaces due to an electric
dipole. (2/3, Delhi 2017)
4 N small conducting liquid droplets, each of radius r,
are charged to a potential Veach. These droplets 12. Define an equipotential surface. Draw equipotential
surfaces:
coalesce to form a single large drop without any
(1) in the case of a single point charge and
charge leakage. Find the potential of the large drop.
(i) in a constant electric field in
(2020) (An) Z-direction.
Why the equipotential surface about a single
5. Two point charges q and -2q are kept 'd' distance
charge are not equidistant?
apart. Find the location of point relative to charge'g' (i) Can electric field exist
at which potential due to this system of charges is tangential to an
zero. (AI 2014C) equipotential surface? Give reason.
(AI 2016) R
2.6 Equipotential Surfaces 13. Two closely spaced equipotential surfaces A and
B with potentials V and V+ SV, (where SV is the
MCO
change in ), are kept &l distance apart as shown in
6. The electric potential Vat any point (x, y, z) is given the figure. Deduce the relation between the electric
by V= 3x where x is in metres and V in volts. The field and the potential gradient between them.
electric fheld at the point (1 m, 0, 2 m) is Write the two important conclusions concerning
(a) 6V m along -x-axis the relation between the electric fheld and electriC
(b) 6 Vm' along +x-axis potentials.
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 37

B V+SV origin. The charge Qis moved away from qto a new
V position at r, = 15 cm. In this process work done by
the field is
(a) 1.29 x 10-5 J (b) 3.6 x 105 J
(c) -4.5 x 10-7J (d) 4.5 x 10-7 J
(Term I 2021-22)

(Delhi 2014C) Ev
LA (5 marks) VSA (1 mark)
14. Drawequipotential surfaces due to an isolated point 22. Figure shows the field lines
charge (-q) and depict the electric field lines. on apositive charge. Is the
(1/5, 2020) work done by the field in
15. A cube of side 20 cm is moving a small positive
kept in a region as shown charge from Q to P
in the figure. An electric positive or negative?
field E exists in the region Give reason. (Foreign 2014) (U)
such that the potential at a
point is given by
23. What is the amount of work done inmoving a point
charge around a circular arcof radius r at the centre
V= 10x+ 5, where Vis in
volt and x is in m. of which another point charge is located?
Find the (AI 2013C) (Ev)
(i) electric field E, and SA I (2 marks)
(ii) total electric flux through the cube.
24. Calculate the amount of work done to dissociate a
(3/5, 2020) (An) system of three charges 1 uC, 1 uCand -4 uC placed
16. Write two important characteristics of equipotential on the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side
surfaces. (2/5,2020) 10 cm. (AI2013C) (Ap
17. The magnitude of electric field (in NC-) in a region
varies with the distance r (in m) as
E= 10 r+5 SA II (3 marks)
By how much does the electric potential increase in 25. (a) Two point charges + Q1 and -Q2 are placed r
moving from point at r= 1 m to a point at r = 10 m. distance apart. Obtain the expression for the
(2/5, 2020) (Ap amount of work done to place a third charge
18. The electric potential as a function of distance x' Qa at the midpoint of the line joining the two
is shown in the figure. Draw a graph of the electric charges.
field E as a function of x. (b) At what distance from charge +Q, on the line
joining the two charges (in terms ofQ1. Q and r)
will this work done be zero. (2020) (EV
2 3 26. Four point charges Q, q, Q and
(1/5, Al2019) An qare placed at the corners of a
19. Is the electrostatic potential necessarily zero at square of side 'a' as shown in
a point where the electric field is zero? Give an the figure.
example to support your answer. (2/5, Al 2019) (Ap) Find the
20. Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric (a) resultant electric force ona charge Q, and
dipole. Locate the points where the potential due to (b) potential energy of this system. (2018) An
the dipole is zero. (2/5, AI 2013)
27. (a) Three point charges q, -4g and 2q are placed at
2.7 Potential Energy of a System of the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of side
Tas shown in the figure. Obtain the expression
Charges for the magnitude of the resultant electric force
MCQ acting on the charge q.
(b) Find out the amount of the work done to
21. A+ 3.0 nC charge Q is initially at rest at a distance separate the charges at infnite distance.
of r, = 10 cm from a + 5.0 nC charge q fixed at the (2018)
38
MtG CBSE Champion Physics Class 1)
LA (5 marks)
2.11 Capacitors and Capacitance
28. Three point charges +1 uC, -1 uC and +2 uC are
VSA (1 mark)
initially infnite distance apart. Calculate the work
done in assembling these charges at the vertices of 35. The given graph shows variation
an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. (2/5, 2020) of charge 'q' versus potential
difference 'V for two capacitors B
2.8 Potential Energy in an External C, and C,. Both the capacitors
have same plate separation but
Field plate area of C is greater than
SAI (2 marks) that of C,. Which line (Aor B)
29. The electric field inside a + + corresponds to C, and why? (AI 2014C) IU
parallel plate capacitor is b
SA I (3 marks)
E. Find the amount of work
done in moving a charge q 36. A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected
over a closed rectangular across a battery of V volts. The charge stored in it
loop abcda. is 360 uC. When potential across the capacitor is
reduced by 120 V, the charge stored in it becomes
(Delhi 2014) U} 120 uC.
Calculate:
LA (5 marks)
() The potential Vand the unknown capacitance
30. Find the expression for the potential energy of a C
system of two point charges q and g, located at (ii) What will be the charge stored in the capacitor,
Ë and r,, respectively in an external electric field E. if the voltage applied had increased by 120 V?
(2/5, 2020) (Ap (Delhi 2013)
31. Two point charges q and q, are kept r distance 2.12 The Parallel Plate Capacitor
apart in a uniform external electric field E.Find the
amount of work done in assembling this system of LA (5 marks)

charges. (2/5, 2020) (An 37. When a parallel plate capacitor is connected across
32. Derive an expression for the potential energy of an a dc battery, explain briefly how the capacitor gets
electric dipole in a uniform electric field. Explain charged. (2/5, Al 2019) (U)
conditions for stable and unstable equilibrium. 38. If two similar large plates, each of area A having
(3/5, Al 2019) surface charge densities + o and - o are separated
33. An infinitely large thin plane sheet has a uniform by a distance d in air, find the expressions for
surface charge density +o. Obtain the expression for (a) field at points between the two plates and on
the amount of work done in bringing a point charge outer side of the plates. Specify the direction of
q from infinity to a point, distant r, in front of the the field in each case.
(b) the potential difference between the plates.
charged plane sheet. (3/5, Al2017) (Ap
(c) the capacitance of the capacitor so formed.
2.9 Electrostatics of Conductors (3/5, Al2016)
MCO
2.13 Effect of Dielectric on
34. Which of the diagrams correctly represents the Capacitance
electric field between two charged plates if a neutral SAI (2 marks)
conductor is placed in between the plates? 39. A sphere S, of radius r, encloses
anet charge Q. If there is another 2Q°
(a) (b) concentric sphere S, of radius
rr > r) enclosing charge 2Q.
(Qa)
find the ratio of the electric flux
(c) (d) through S, and S. How will the electric flux through
sphere S, change if amedium of dielectric constant
5is introduced in the space inside S, in place of air?
(Term I 2021-22) (AI 2014C) (Ap)
Flectrostatic Potential and Capacitance
A0. Aslab of material of dielectric constant K has the
same area as that of the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor but has the thickness d/2, where d is
the separation between the plates. Find out the
expression for its capacitance when the slab is
inserted between the plates of the capacitor.
(AI 2013) (An
SA II (3 marks)
41. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the
plates,each plate has an area of 6 x 10-3m² and the
separation between the plates is 3 mm. (o.3mi)
(i) Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor.
(ii) If this capacitor is connected to 100V supply,
what would be the charge on each plate?
(iii) How would charge on the plates be affected,
if a 3 mm thick mica sheet of K =6 is inserted
between the plates while the voltage supply
remains connected?
(Foreign 2014) (Ev)
42. Two identical capacitors of plate dimensions
|x b and plate separation d have dielectric slabs
filled in between the space of the plates as shown in
the figures.
K.
Obtain the relation between the dielectric constants
K, K, and K,. (AI2013C) (Ev)
2.15 Energy Stored in aCapacitor
MCQ
43. A variable capacitor is connect¢d to a 200 V
battery. If its capacitance is chalged from 2 uF
to XuF, the decrease in energy of the capacitor is
2x 10-2 J. The value of Xis
(a) 1 uF (b) 2 uF (c) 3 uF (d) 4 uF
(Term I2021-22)
SAI (2marks)
44. Calculate the potential difference and the
energy stored in the capacitor C, in the circuit
shown in the figure. Given potential at A is 90 V,
Cj=20 uF, C = 30 uF and C = 15 uF.
B ratio of the total electrostatic energy stored in both
(AI 2015) (An)
39
45. Aparallel plate capacitor of capacitance Cis charged
to apotential V. It is then connected to another
uncharged capacitor having the sarne capacitance.
Find out the ratio of the energy stored in the
combined system to that stored initially in the single
capacitor. (AI 2014)
SA II (3 marks)
46. In the figure given below, find the
4
5V
(a) equivalent capacitance of the network between
points A and B.
Given: C, =Cg = 4uF, C, =C3 =C4 = 2 uF.
(b) maximum charge supplied by the battery, and
(c) total energy stored in the network. (2020) An
47. (i) Find the equivalent capacitance between A and
B in the combination given below. Each capacitor
is of 2 uF capacitance.
C.
AHP R
(ii) If a dc source of 7 V is connected across AB, how
much charge is drawn from the source and what
is the energy stored in the network?
(Delhi 2017)
48. A 12 pF capacitor is connected to a 50 V battery.
How much electrostatic energy is stored in the
capacitor? If another capacitor of 6 pF is connected
in series with it with the same battery connected
across the combination, find the charge stored and
potential difference across each capacitor.
(Delhi 2017) (Ap
49. Two identical capacitors of 12 pF each are connected
in series across a battery of 50 V. How mnuch
electrostatic energy is stored in the combination?
If these wereconnected in parallel across the same
battery, how much energy will be stored in the
combination now?
Also find the charge drawn from the battery in each
case.
(Delhi 2017)
50. Two identical parallel plate capacitors A and B are
connected to a battery of V volt with the switch
Sclosed. The switch is now opened and the free
space between the plates of the capacitors is hilled
with adielectric of dielectric constant K. Find the
capacitors before and after the introduction of the
dielectric.
40 WtG CBSE Champion Physics Class 12
two combinations is 0.045 Jand 0.25 J respectively
determine the value of C, and Cz. Alsocalculate the
E B charge on each capacitor in parallel combination
(Delhi 2015) (Cr
(AI2017) An
51. Two parallel plate capacitors LA (5 marks)
X and Y have the same area H 54. Aparallel plate capacitor is charged by abattery
of plates and same to a potential difference V. It is disconnected from
separation between them. X battery and then connected to another uncharged
has air between the plates capacitor of the same capacitance. Calculate the
while Y contains a dielectric 15 V ratio of the energy stored in the combination to the
of e, = 4. initial energy on the single capacitor.
(i) Calculate capacitance of each capacitor if (2/5, Dlhi 2019)
equivalent capacitance of the combination is 4 uf. 55. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is
(ii) Calculate the potential difference between the charged to 'V' volt by a battery. After some time the
plates of X and Y. battery is disconnected and the distance between
(ii) Estimate the ratio of electrostatic energy the plates is doubled. Now a slab of dielectric
stored in X and Y. (Delhi 2016) constant 1 < K < 2is introduced to fill the space
52. In the following arrangement of capacitors, the between the plates. How will the following be
energy stored in the 6 uF capacitor is E. Find the affected?
value of the following The electric field between the plates of the
(i) Energy stored in 12 uF capacitor capacitor?
(i) Energy stored in 3uFcapacitor (i) The energy stored in the capacitor.
(ii) Total energy drawn from the battery Justify your answer in each case. (2/5, Al2019) Ev
56. Find the ratio of the potential differences that
must be applied across the parallel and series
6uF
combinationof two capacitors C, and C, with their
capacitances in the ratio 1:2 so that the energy
H stored in the two cases becomes the same.
3 uF
12 uF (Foreign 2016) (Ap (3/5, Al2016) (Ev
57. A fully charged parallel plate capacitor is connected
53. TwWO capacitors of unknown capacitances C and
across an uncharged identical capacitor. Show that
C are connected first in series and then in parallel the energy stored in the combination is less than
across a battery of 100 V. If the energy stored in the that stored initially in the single capacitor. (Al2015)

CBSE Sample Questions

2.1 ElectrostaticPotential (a) The electric potential has a maximum
magnitude at C and the electric field has a
MCQ
maximum magnitude at A.
1. A solid spherical conductor has charge +Q and (b) The electric potential has maximum
radius R. it is surrounded by a solid spherical shell magnitude at D and the electric field has a
with charge -Q, inner radius 2R, and outer radius 3R. maximum magnitude at B.
Which of the following statements is true? (c) The electric potential at Ais zero and the
electric
field hasamaximum magnitude at D.
(d) Both the electric potential and electric fheld
achieve a maximum magnitude at B.
D
(Term I 2021-22) (Ap
2. The electric potential of earth is taken to be Zero
because earth is a good
(a) insulator (b) conductor
R
2R (c) semiconductor (d) dielectric
(2019-2O)
 ElectrostaticPotential and Capacitance 41

2.5 Potentialdue to a System of Charges Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion
MCQ
(A)and Reason (R).
8. Assertion (A): An electron has a high potential
3. Three charges 2q. -qand -q lie at vertices of a triangle.
The value of Eand Vat centroid of triangle will be energy when it is at a location associated with a
(a) E 0 and V0 more negative value of potential, and a low potential
(b) E=0 and V=0
(c) E 0and V=0 energy when at a location associated with a more
(d) E=0 and V#0 positive potential.
(Term I2021-22) Reason (R): Electrons move from aregion of higher
potential to region of lower potential.
2.6 EquipotentialSurfaces Select the most appropriate answer from the options
MCQ given below:
4. Which of the following is NOT the property of (a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correct
equipotential surface? explanation of A.
(a) They do not cross each other. (b) Both Aand R are true but Ris not the correct
(b) The rate of change of potential with distance on explanation of A.
them is zero. (c) A is true but R is false.
(c) For auniform electric field they are (d) Ais false and R is also false. (Term I 2021-22)
concentric
spheres. SA I (2 marks)
(d) They can be imaginary spheres.
9 Deduce an expression for the potential energy of
(Term I 2021-22) (U
a system of two point charges q, and q, located
MCQ at positions r and r, respectively in an external
For question number 5, two statements are given one field (E). (2020-21)
labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason LA
(R). Select the correct answer to these questions from (5 marks)
the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below. 10. (a) Define an ideal electric dipole. Give an example.
5. Assertion (A): Electric field is always normal to (b) Derive an expression for the torque experienced
equipotential surfaces and along the direction of by an electric dipole in a uniform electric field.
decreasing order of potential What is net force acting on this dipole?
Reason (R) : Negative gradient of electric potential (c) An electric dipole of length 2 cm is placed with
is electric field. its axis making an angle of 60° with respect to
(a) Both Aand R are true and R is correct uniform electric field of 105 N/C. If it experiences
explanation of A.
atorque of 8/3 N/m, calculate the magnitude
(b) Both Aand R are true, andR is not correct of charge on the dipole, and its potential energy.
explanation of A.
(C A istrue, but R is false. (2020-21) Ev
(d) A
is false and R is also false. (2020-21) 11. (a) Define electrostatic potential at a point. Write
SA I (2 marks) its Sl unit.
6.
Three charges q1,42 and q3 are kept respectively
Establish the relation between electric field and at points A, B and Cas shown in figures. Write
electric potential at a point. Draw the equipotential the expression for electrostatic potential energy
surface for an electric field pointing in +Z direction of the system.
with its magnitude increasing at constant rate
A
along -Z direction. (2020-21) (U)
2.7 Potential Energy of aSystem of 12

Charges
MCO >23
7 (b) Depict the equipotential surfaces due to
An electric dipole of moment p is placed parallel to
the uniform electric field. The amount of work done (i) an electric dipole
in rotating the dipole by 90° is (ii) two identical negative charges separated by
(a) 2pE (b) pE (c) pE/2 (d) zero asmall distance.
(Term I2021-22) (2019-20)
 42 WtG CBSE Champion Physics Class 12

2.11 Capacitors and Capacitance 2.13 Effect of Dielectricon Capacitance

MCQ MCQ
12. Three capacitors 2 uF, 3 uF and 6 uF are joined in 14. A
capacitor plates are charged by a battery with 'V
series with each other. The equivalent capacitance is volts. After charging battery is
(a) 1/2 uF (b) 1uf (c) 2 uf (d) 11 uF disconnected and a dielectric slab 2Q°
(Term I2021-22) with dielectric constant 'K is

2.12 The Parallel Plate Capacitor inserted between its plates, the (Q4
potential across the plates of the
MCQ capacitor will become
(a) zero (b) V/2 (c) VIK (d) KV
13. Afree electron and a free proton are placed between
two oppositely charged parallel plates. Both are (Term I2021-22) (An
closer to the positive plate than the negative plate.
++++++++] 2.15 Energy Stored in aCapacitor
SAI (2 marks)
Which of the following statements is true? 15. Find total energy stored in capacitors given in the
circuit.
I. The force on the proton is greater than the
2 uF
force on the electron.
II. The potential energy of the proton is greater
than that of the electron. 1 uF
6V
II. The potential energy of the proton and the 1 uF.
electron is the same. 2uF
(a) lonly (b) Il only HH
(c) l and Ionly (d) Iland Ionly 2uF
(Term I2021-22) (An (2019-20) (C)