Sol. LA \Questions AB, g: BC are two bijective s, then prove that gof: A — Cis CATGN Seine ty 116 (AP)) Since f:A—> Bisa bijective function «= f:A— Bis both one-one and onto functions. Since f: A— B is a one-one function Fay a2 € A, f(a) = f(a,) = a, = ay Since f: AB isa onto function @ 3 one element a € A such that f(a) = b, ybe B. Since g: B > Cis a bijective function g:B-> Cis both one-one and onto functions. Since g:B— Cis a one-one function 7 by, by € B, g (by) = g (b) = by = by Since g:B — Cis an onto function = 3 one element b € B such that g(b) = ¢, vce C: If f:A3B,g:B>C = gof:AC. To prove that gof : A > C is a one-one function: If gof: A.C is'a one-one function a), a, € A, Gof) (a) = (Bol (az) = aj = ay Now (gof) (a) = oD. (a,) g {fa,)] = 8 [ f@,)] [+ gis one-one] fa) =f@) [v fis one-one] ‘a =a, Hence, gof; A> C is a one-one function. To prove that gof: A —> Cis an onto function : Letce C It gof:A—> Cis an onto function’¢ 3 one element ae A, such that (gol) (a) =¢, Vee C. Now (gof) (a) = g [f(a)] = g(b) =¢ ‘Thus for any element c € C, there Is an element a A such that (gof) (a) = c. s. gof: A Cis an onto function. Since gof : A> C Is both one-one function and onto function then A-— Cis a bijective function. re two bijective (got = Fog. Pec: aschgBoc functions, then prove Te ee GOED Since {: AB, g:B > Care bijections = yof:A— Cis a bijection = (got)! :C + Als also a bijection Since f:A —) Bsa bijective function then f: B >A Is also a bijective function Since g:B > C isa bijective function » then g!:C — Bis also a bijective function = flog: C > Ais also a bijection Since the two functions (gof)"', Fog"! are from C > A thelr.domains are same. Letce C Since { ; A — B is onto « 3 orie element ac Asuch that {@=b, vbeB fa)=b of (b)=a Since g : B~> C Is onto, 3 one element be Bsuch that g(b)=c,Vce C gb)=c= ge ©=b Now (gof) (a) = gif(a)] = g (b) =¢ Sol. = a= (go) = GoN"©) ~@ Also (Cog) (2) =F [1 = £1) = a 7 (2) «From (1) and (2) GoN'©= Cos) © #3 vet r: A — B, is a function and 1, Ip are identity functions on A and B respectively. Then prove that fol, = f= Iyof. (got = Fog" Sol. Iff:A— Bis a function, If], and I, are identity functions on A and B respectively. Le, IA B,IyiB>B) WASDALE ASBofol AGB Hence, functions f 0 !, and f are defined on same domain A, Letac A ol) = fll, @] = 1@) sfolet @ f:A>Blpi:B>B=l0f:A3B ‘The functions (\, 0 f) and f are defined on the same domain A, Letae A “NOW (lp 019(@) = Iy (6a) = Ca) wlpofet a » From (1) and (2) we get fol=Ihof D Since f: A Bisa bijection =f": B > A Is also a bijection WEASB CUBA sfot:asa Is also bijection 7 Clearly 1:A > A such that (a) = a, Vaea LetaeA Since £':B Ais onto function <> Jone element b ¢ B, such that TQ) =a, vaca O@)=a st@-b Now (0 (@) = Fay er ©) =asiya) Plot =ly jathamat. i) i) ui) Sincef:A— Bisa bijection “Pa _— also bijection L Inf :B3A,f:A5B Stofh a, also a bijection Clearly Iy:B’— B such that Ib), . VbeB Let beB Since f! :B— Als an onto function ' one element peB such that f(b), : eae Sol. { Pb) =a. = f(a) =b 1 Now (fof (b) = fF '@)] = (@) = b= 15Q f + fof =I, IffvA—B,g:B— A are two fuinctig Such that gof = 1, and fog = I,, then pro that f is a bijection and g = f To prove that fis one-one . Letay ae Aand since: A+ B, (4), fa)e Now f(@,) = f(a.) = gfi(a,)] = slit.) = Gof) (a,) = (go ( @,) =1@) al Jy = ay vf is one-one To prove that fis onto Let b be an element of B 15(b) = Co) (0) ; = b=f[e(b)] =4(¢@)) =p Le, there exists a Pre-image g(b) ¢ Alt under the mapping f, «. fs onto. Thus is one-one and onto hence, f": 8? exists and is also one-one onto. To prove get! Nase oeLetae Aand bbe the {-image of awhere b e B f(a)=b = asf"(b) . Now g(b) = gif(@)] = (of) (a) =1,(a) = Sas f"') ae ager! ee ee HU we: A> Bg: B>Candh:C + Dare three functions then prove that ho(gof) = (hog) of. That is composition of functions is associative. . £:A 9B, g: BC, functions. :C + D be three f:A9B, and g:B > C= gol:A-5C Now gof :A -» Cand h: C+D = ho(gof): AD g:B—Candh:C-+D= (hog):B>D Now f:A>B=>hog:B->D (hog) of: AD Thus ho(gof) and (hog)of both exist and have the same domain A and co-domain D. Leta‘ A, Hence ho(gof) = (hog) of ¢ A Now [ho(gof}] (a)=h [(gof) (@)] = h{gct(@))] = (hog) [f(a)] = [hog) of] (a) [ho(gof)] (a) = [(hog) of] (a) ¥9f et: A+B, g:B > Ce smrjections, then show that gof: A —> Cis a surjection. Sol. Letce C Since fA B is a onto ¢ 3 one element a Asuch that (a) =b,¥ be B Since g: B -> C is a onto « 3 one element be Bsuch that g(b) = c, Vc eC. Iff:A +B, g:B>C=gol:A3C To prove that gof:A— Cis aonto 25 UC — If gof: A> Cis a onto «93 one elementae A such that Go) @=c,VceC. Now (gof) (a) = gif(@)] = g(b) - ¢ ‘Thus for any element c ¢,C, there is an ele- ment a € A such that (gof) (a) =. :. got: A Cis an onto function. Plue- a, a, 2d, G @, G, by) and ¢1=(@,a),4,)), G, 0, G, dD), then show that go)! = Fog. Given f= (Ga), 20,40, 8, b)) £12 (@, D.C 2G,4, 6,9) g= (2.6.4. DG DI (2, a), 4, b), A, 0), B,@) Sol. * got (C1, 2),2, 1D, G,4,4, 9} (go = (2, D, A, 2), 4, 3), 3, 4) flog?: et Flog! =(,2),@, D, 8,4), 4,3) (go! = Fog", . Pl k= 14,5, 6,6, 6-9) &= (4,-4), G5), G, 5), then find £ Di+g i) 2+ 4g ii) f+4 iv) gv) VE vif vip If vild fgiti) iv) v) w vii) |. Give en {= ((4,5) 6. 9 6-4) g-(4,-9.65.6 5) Domain of fg (4,6) + @ @ =I) +g =5-4e1 + © =1O+g@=-4+5°1 « f+g={@D, (6,19) (2f + 4g) (4) = 26 (4) + 4g (4) =266) +44) -10-16=-6 (2f + 4g) (6) = 21) + 4g 6) = 2-4) + 4(5) =-8 + 20-12 o 2h + 4g = (4,6), 6, 12)) (h+ 4) (4) = 1) 44-5 44-9 C+D) © =1@ +4=6+4=10 (£+4) © =) +4--44+4=0 so f+ 4= (4,9, G10), 6, OF Vi @ = J) =N5 Mi@= MiG =V6 Vi © = (= J=4, not valia vf = {c4.¥5),6,V6)} (4) =f)? = @)? = 25 f ©) = 1G) = 6)? = 36 £6) =U@l= C4)’ = 16 2s. B= (4, 25) G, 36), 6, 16) * In| = HA! = 151 =5 11 @=H@!- 161 =6 if 1 @ = f= (4,5), G, 9 6.4} vill) tg (4) = (4) 84) = (6) C4) =-20 fg © =). 8) = CHO) =-20 we fg = (4,- 20), 6-20} 70 16f:Q —> Qis defined by £69 = 5 vx Q, show that 'f is a bijectio find £". Sol. Given that f(x) = 5x +4 i Let x,,x,€ Q Now 1) = f€,) => Bx, +4=5x, +4 = 5x, = 5x, = x =%, J G)) = £G0,) =) = Xp + Hsone~one Lety € RG) -y>x-f"'@) yoSx+4 = 5x-y-4 =>xs v4 eq Now = a (SpA\n4 ry-A+fA =y SA @=y *. fis onto fis a bijection x= y-4 5 args eo eeoe