PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Practice sheet (Answer Scheme)

Std: X Topic:10.4: Light – Reflection and Refraction
Subject: Physics

Q 1. a. Define the focal length of the lens.

b. What do you understand by the term Power of lens?
Ans: a. the distance of the principle focus from optical centre of the lens is called the focal length.
b. the power of thin lens is equal to the reciprocal of its focal length measured in meter.
Q 2. Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images when the object is placed:
(i) between focus and centre of curvature of a concave mirror.
(ii) at twice the focal length (2 F) of a convex lens.
(iii) between pole and the focus of a concave mirror.
(iv) between infinity and optical centre of a concave lens.
Ans: (i) between focus and centre of curvature of a concave mirror.

(ii) at twice the focal length (2 F) of a convex lens.

(iii) between pole and the focus of a concave mirror.

 (iv) between infinity and optical centre in a concave lens.

Q 3. The image of a candle flameformed by a lens is obtained on a screen placed on the other side of the
lens. If the image is three times the size of the flame and the distance between lens and image is 80
cm, at what distance should the candle be placed from the lens? What is the nature of the lens?
Ans: Image is real
Image distance(v) = + 80cm
Magnification(m) = - 3
Object distance, u = ?

v
Magnification =
u

−𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
u= cm
𝟑𝟑

Lens formula:
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= −
𝐟𝐟 𝐯𝐯 𝐮𝐮

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
= −
𝐟𝐟 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 −𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
=
𝐟𝐟 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

f = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 cm

+vefocal lengthconvex lens.

Q 4. A student uses two lenses, one of focal length +50 cm and another of – 50 cm. What is the nature of
the lens and the power used by each of them?
Ans: f = +50 cm, P =
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
=
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
= 2D, convex lens
𝒇𝒇 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
f = - 50 cm, P = = -2D, concave lens.
−𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓

Q 5. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm can produce a magnified virtual as well as real image. Is this
statement correct?
If yes, where shall the object be placed in each case for obtaining these images?
Ans: • Yes, the statement is correct.
• If object is placed at a distance less than 20 cm from the lens, magnified virtual image is
formed.
• Ifobject is placed at a distance greater than 20 cm and less than 40 cm from the lens,
magnified real image is formed.

Q 6. A concave mirror and a convex lens are held in water. What changes, if any, do you expect in their
focal length?Why?
Ans: • The focal length of a concave mirror is independent of the medium. Hence, it does not
change in water.
• The focal length of convex lens depends upon the medium it is placed in. It depends upon
the refractive index of the material of the lens with respect to the medium it is kept in.
Thus, with a change in medium (from air to water), focal length of the convex lens will also
change.

Q 7. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of
the object? Verify your answer with the help of a ray diagram.
Ans: It will still form a complete image. However, the intensity of the image will be reduced.
Q 8. An object 5cm high is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10cm. Draw the ray
diagram and find the position, size and nature of image formed.
Ans: h = 5cm, u = - 25 cm, f = +10 cm, v = ?, nature = ?
Object is placed beyond 2f.

Using lens formula:

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
- =
𝒗𝒗 𝒖𝒖 𝒇𝒇

𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
=
𝒗𝒗 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓

v = 16.67 cm

𝒉𝒉′ 𝒗𝒗
m= =
𝒉𝒉 𝒖𝒖

𝒉𝒉′ 𝒗𝒗
=
𝒉𝒉 𝒖𝒖

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
h’ = 5 × = -3.33 cm
−𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

Size of the image = 3.3cm

Image is real and inverted.

Formed at a distance of 16.67 cm, on the other side of lens.
 Q 9. What is a lens? Distinguish between a convex lens and a concave lens
Ans: A lens is a piece of transparent glass bound by two spherical surfaces.

Convex lens Concave Lens

It converges the incident rays after
refraction towards the principal
axis.
(converging lens)
It is thicker in the middle and
thinner at the edges.
Focal length is positive
Image formed can be real or virtual,
upright or inverted and enlarged or
diminished based on the position of
the object.
It diverges the incident rays after
refraction away from the
principal axis.
(diverging lens)
It is thicker at the edges and
thinner in the middle.
Focal length is negative
Image formed is always virtual,
upright and diminished.

Q 10. A concave lens has a focal length of 20 cm calculate its power.

Ans: f = - 20 cm ,f=0.20 m
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
p= = = -5 D
𝒇𝒇 −𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
>>>>>>>f>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>