2025 FORMAT -PRACTICE TEST UNIT 10: THE ECOSYSTEM

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. book B. look C. flood D. good
Question 2. A. charity B. school C. childish D. teacher
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of the primary stress in the following question.
Question 3. A. donate B. prevent C. attend D.happen
Question 4: A. natural B. chemical C. atmosphere D. solution
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question 5. __________involves thousands of people visiting the same place at the same time.
A. Ecotourism B. Responsible tourism C. Sustainable tourism D.Mass tourism
Question 6.Biodiversity is essential for the processes that support all life on Earth,________ ?
A. wasn't it B. was it C. isn't it D. is it
Question 7. One of Vinh’s hobbies is _________. He loves seeing the birds in the wild.
A. bird-watch B. bird-watched C. watched-bird D. bird-watching
Question 8.Creating protected areas for endangered species is one way __________ wildlife.
A. to save B. to saving C. save D. saving
Question 9: Clearing forests for timber has ____ the loss of biodiversity
A. connected with B. looked at C. resulted in D. stood for
Read the following advertisement/ letter and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks
HA LONG BAY
RANKS FIFTH AMONG WORLD’S 10 MOST BEAUTIFUL PLACES
(Selected by The Travel, Canada)
Ha Long Bay is home (10) ______ over 1,600 limestone towers and islands covered in tropical trees.
Most of the islands are uninhabited and unaffected by humans.
“(11) ______ best way to experience this mist-shrouded landscape is to board a junk boat and sail
through the outstanding scenic (12) ______.”

Question 10. A. in B. on C. at D. to
Question 11. A. A B. An C. The D. Ø (no article)
Question 12. A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautifully D. informatively
Montego Metro letter
Please be advised of a change to train service. Starting this April, ____ (13) North-South express train will
no longer be stopping at Green Street Station. This will affect the express service only; local train service will
continue ____ (14) to all stations on the North-South line, including Green Street Station. Please speak with
a conductor or visit our Web site ____ (15) you have any questions.
Thank you for your cooperation and for riding Montego Metro.
Question 13. A. a B. no article C. an D. the
Question 14. A. interrupted B. interrupting C. uninterrupted D. uninterrupting
Question 15. A. should B. unless C. provided D. in case
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/ letter in each of the following questions
Question 16
a, All these things together make the Earth get hotter, which causes problems like melting ice, changing weather,
and higher sea levels.
b, Another reason is cutting down trees. Trees help soak up a gas called carbon dioxide, but when we cut them
down, there aren't as many trees to do this important job.
c, Global warming happens because people do things that make the Earth's air get warmer.
d, Finally, farming, especially raising lots of cows and other animals, makes a gas called methane. Industries
also make gases that trap heat.
1
e, In short, we need to stop doing these things and find better ways to get energy to keep the Earth from getting
too warm.

f, The first thing people do is burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas for energy. When these fuels burn, they
let out gases that trap heat in the air, like a blanket.
A. c- f – d- b- a- e B. f – b- d- c- e - a C. c- f- b- d- a- e D. f – e – c- d- b- a
Question 17
a, When I first got there, I was really excited. The wall is super long and really old. It's over 13,000 miles long!
Walking on it made me feel like I was a part of history. I imagined all the people who built it a long time ago.
Each brick has its own story to tell, about kings and wars and all sorts of things.
b, Let's catch up soon.
Take care,
c, From up on the wall, I could see the beautiful countryside. It made me realize how big and diverse our world
is.
d, Dear Ann,
e, Visiting the Great Wall was something I'll never forget. I recommend you go if you ever get the chance.
f, I hope you're doing well. It's been a while since we last talked, and I wanted to tell you about something
amazing I did recently – I visited the Great Wall of China!
A. d- a- f-e- c- b B. f – d-e- c- b- a C. b- a- f- e- c- d D. d- f- a- c- e- b
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct phrase or clause that
best fits each the numbered blanks.
Today, many people argue that we should spend more money on restoring local ecosystems. From my point
of view, people should prioritize restoring local ecosystems as it is crucial for the survival of our planet.
Firstly, the most important reason (18) _______ is that they provide numerous benefits to both humans and
animals. Ecosystems provide clean air, water, and food which are necessary for our survival. Without healthy
ecosystems, we will face numerous problems such as air and water pollution, food scarcity, and natural disasters.
Secondly, we should invest in restoring local ecosystems because human activities such as deforestation and
pollution have caused serious harm to our planet. (19) _______ have led to the loss of biodiversity, soil erosion,
and climate change. By restoring local ecosystems, we can help reverse some of these negative effects and (20)
_______.
Finally, neglecting the restoration of local ecosystems has led to the extinction of many species and the loss of
habitats for others. It has also affected the lives and livelihoods of people who (21) _______ for their survival.
In conclusion, I firmly believe that we should invest more money in restoring local ecosystems. It is (22)
_______, and it will provide numerous benefits to both humans and animals. By doing so, we can create a
sustainable future for ourselves and the generations to come.
Question 18: A. why should we restore local ecosystems B. should we restore local ecosystems
C. why we should restore local ecosystems D. we should restore local ecosystems
Question 19: A. These activities B. One activity C. This activity D. Other activities
Question 20: A. our planet preserves for future generations B. preserve future generations for our plane
C. to preserve our planet for future generations D. preserve our planet for future generations
Question 21: A. depends on natural resources B. depend on natural resources
C. is depending on natural resources D. on depending natural resources
Question 22: A. essential for our planet B. survival for the essential of our planet
C. the survival of our planet D. essential for the survival of our planet
Question 23: A. generating B.the generations C. generate D. Generated

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
After breakfast at a restaurant, it is time to take an easy walk to Cat Cat Village, (24)_____ in a peaceful,
beautiful valley of terraced rice paddy. You’ll visit some cottages of Black H' Mong ethnic minority on the way
down to a wonderful waterfall. If coming at the right time, you can enjoy the traditional musical show performed
by the local artists.
Continue your Sa Pa trip to Ta Van Village in Muong Hoa Valley. On the way, you get a(n) (25)_____ to
visit a school for the children of Black H’Mong, Dzay and Red Dzao ethnic families. The students and teachers
are all happy to welcome you in. You will see how hard the life here from the clothes, shoes, bags…
2
(26)_____the children are wearing. If you have those unused, it is so nice of you to give those things to the kids.
We often say, "Old for us, but new for others". Your visit to the school here is a lasting impression.
Continue your Sa Pa tour along the mountainous road and have (27)_____ experience to walk in the buffalo
path. Then, you visit the Dzay houses to compare the differences with Black H'Mong homes. After that, you
walk down to Muong Hoa River bank to have a nice rest and great lunch with traditional music dance and show
by the local people.
You can enjoy your free discovery of the local market (28)____ transferring to Lao Cai Station for the
overnight train to Ha Noi.
Question 24. A. located B. sat C. lied D. inhabited
Question 25. A. effect B. place C. chance D. fortune
Question 26. A. who B. which C. where D. when
Question 27. A. other B. the other C. others D. another
Question 28. A. nor B. before C. then D. or
Read the following passage. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the questions
Scientists believe they now have scientific evidence to prove that ecosystems work better when there is a greater
variety of species within them. This biodiversity is being lost destroying natural mechanisms that could repair
the damage caused by man.
Findings show that losing plants and animals is not only reducing our quality of life but actually
endangering our very existence. We cut down rich rainforests and replace them with one species plantations,
such as pine and eucalyptus. We plough up meadows rich in different grasses and herbs and replace them with
one grass, for instance rye or wheat.
When a natural ecosystem is simplified the basic processes in the ecosystem are altered and even damaged.
Without their biodiversity, they are not able to serve as the natural cleaners of our planet. No longer are they
able to absorb the carbon dioxide that is being produced in excess. The result is global warming, caused by the
increase in the 'greenhouse effect', and ultimately, or even sooner, there will be a change in the world's climate.
Question 29. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The Variety of Species B. Natural Mechanisms
C. How Ecosystems Work Better D. The Loss of Biodiversity
Question 30. What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A. To show natural mechanisms at work. B. To give examples of the loss of biodiversity
C. To give example of variety of species. D. To show how ecosystems can work better.
Question 31. What, according to the passage, might be the final result of the simplification of natural
ecosystems?
A. There is a loss of biodiversity B. There is global warming
C. The basic processes are altered D. There is a change in the climate
Question 32. The word "them" in paragraph 2 refers to __________.
A. rain forests B. Animals C. species D. Plants
Question 33. As used in paragraph 3, the word “absorb” could be beat replaced which of the following?
A. draw back B. pay back C. take in D. get rid of
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two
decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known
species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high
rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of
biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to expand, it will negatively affect
one after another of Earth’s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as
wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now
humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff
of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they
have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution.
However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering
the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the
3
rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological
devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred
on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time
for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments.
Question 34: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs
B. The variety of species found in tropical rain forests
C. The time required for species to adapt to new environments
D. The impact of human activities on Earth’s ecosystems
Question 35: The word “critical” is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. complicated B. interesting C. negative D. unessential
Question 36: The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to_____
A. The Earth B. The human population
C. The Earth’s ecosystem D. Biological diversity
Question 37: The author mentions all of the following as examples of the effect of humans on the world’s
ecosystems EXCEPT .
A. habitat destruction in wetlands
B. the introduction of new varieties of plant species
C. damage to marine ecosystems
D. destruction of the tropical rain forests
Question 38: According to the passage, natural evolutionary change is different from changes caused by humans
in that changes caused by humans ______
A. Affect fewer ecosystems B. Are occurring at a much faster rate
C. Are reversible D. Are less devastating to most species
Question 39: Which of the following can best replace “in flux”?
A. Breaking B. Producing C. Changing D. Increasing
Question 40: It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A. Human influence on ecosystems should not be a factor in determining public policy.
B. Humans should be more conscious of the influence they have o ecosystems.
C. The extinction of a few species is an acceptable consequence of human progress.
D. Technology will provide solutions to problems caused by the destruction of ecosystems

4
 2025 FORMAT -PRACTICE TEST UNIT 10: THE ECOSYSTEM
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. book B. look C. flood D. good
Question 2. A. charity B. school C. childish D. teacher
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of the primary stress in the following question.
Question 3. A. donate B. prevent C. attend D.happen
Question 4: A. natural B. chemical C. atmosphere D. solution
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question 5. __________involves thousands of people visiting the same place at the same time.
A. Ecotourism B. Responsible tourism C. Sustainable tourism D.Mass tourism
Question 6.Biodiversity is essential for the processes that support all life on Earth,________ ?
A. wasn't it B. was it C. isn't it D. is it
Question 7. One of Vinh’s hobbies is _________. He loves seeing the birds in the wild.
A. bird-watch B. bird-watched C. watched-bird D. bird-watching
Question 8.Creating protected areas for endangered species is one way __________ wildlife.
A. to save B. to saving C. save D. saving
Question 9: Clearing forests for timber has ____ the loss of biodiversity
A. connected with B. looked at C. resulted in D. stood for
Read the following advertisement/ letter and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks
HA LONG BAY
RANKS FIFTH AMONG WORLD’S 10 MOST BEAUTIFUL PLACES
(Selected by The Travel, Canada)
Ha Long Bay is home (10) ______ over 1,600 limestone towers and islands covered in tropical trees.
Most of the islands are uninhabited and unaffected by humans.
“(11) ______ best way to experience this mist-shrouded landscape is to board a junk boat and sail
through the outstanding scenic (12) ______.”

Question 10. A. in B. on C. at D. to
Question 11. A. A B. An C. The D. Ø (no article)
Question 12. A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautifully D. informatively
Montego Metro letter
Please be advised of a change to train service. Starting this April, ____ (13) North-South express train will
no longer be stopping at Green Street Station. This will affect the express service only; local train service will
continue ____ (14) to all stations on the North-South line, including Green Street Station. Please speak with
a conductor or visit our Web site ____ (15) you have any questions.
Thank you for your cooperation and for riding Montego Metro.
Question 13. A. a B. no article C. an D. the
Question 14. A. interrupted B. interrupting C. uninterrupted D. uninterrupting
Question 15. A. should B. unless C. provided D. in case
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/ letter in each of the following questions
Question 16
a, All these things together make the Earth get hotter, which causes problems like melting ice, changing weather,
and higher sea levels.
b, Another reason is cutting down trees. Trees help soak up a gas called carbon dioxide, but when we cut them
down, there aren't as many trees to do this important job.
c, Global warming happens because people do things that make the Earth's air get warmer.
d, Finally, farming, especially raising lots of cows and other animals, makes a gas called methane. Industries
also make gases that trap heat.
5
e, In short, we need to stop doing these things and find better ways to get energy to keep the Earth from getting
too warm.

f, The first thing people do is burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas for energy. When these fuels burn, they
let out gases that trap heat in the air, like a blanket.
A. c- f – d- b- a- e B. f – b- d- c- e - a C. c- f- b- d- a- e D. f – e – c- d- b- a
Question 17
a, When I first got there, I was really excited. The wall is super long and really old. It's over 13,000 miles long!
Walking on it made me feel like I was a part of history. I imagined all the people who built it a long time ago.
Each brick has its own story to tell, about kings and wars and all sorts of things.
b, Let's catch up soon.
Take care,
c, From up on the wall, I could see the beautiful countryside. It made me realize how big and diverse our world
is.
d, Dear Ann,
e, Visiting the Great Wall was something I'll never forget. I recommend you go if you ever get the chance.
f, I hope you're doing well. It's been a while since we last talked, and I wanted to tell you about something
amazing I did recently – I visited the Great Wall of China!
A. d- a- f-e- c- b B. f – d-e- c- b- a C. b- a- f- e- c- d D. d- f- a- c- e- b
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct phrase or clause that
best fits each the numbered blanks.
Today, many people argue that we should spend more money on restoring local ecosystems. From my point
of view, people should prioritize restoring local ecosystems as it is crucial for the survival of our planet.
Firstly, the most important reason (18) _______ is that they provide numerous benefits to both humans and
animals. Ecosystems provide clean air, water, and food which are necessary for our survival. Without healthy
ecosystems, we will face numerous problems such as air and water pollution, food scarcity, and natural disasters.
Secondly, we should invest in restoring local ecosystems because human activities such as deforestation and
pollution have caused serious harm to our planet. (19) _______ have led to the loss of biodiversity, soil erosion,
and climate change. By restoring local ecosystems, we can help reverse some of these negative effects and (20)
_______.
Finally, neglecting the restoration of local ecosystems has led to the extinction of many species and the loss of
habitats for others. It has also affected the lives and livelihoods of people who (21) _______ for their survival.
In conclusion, I firmly believe that we should invest more money in restoring local ecosystems. It is (22)
_______, and it will provide numerous benefits to both humans and animals. By doing so, we can create a
sustainable future for ourselves and the generations to come.
Question 18: A. why should we restore local ecosystems B. should we restore local ecosystems
C. why we should restore local ecosystems D. we should restore local ecosystems
Question 19: A. These activities B. One activity C. This activity D. Other activities
Question 20: A. our planet preserves for future generations B. preserve future generations for our plane
C. to preserve our planet for future generations D. preserve our planet for future generations
Question 21: A. depends on natural resources B. depend on natural resources
C. is depending on natural resources D. on depending natural resources
Question 22: A. essential for our planet B. survival for the essential of our planet
C. the survival of our planet D. essential for the survival of our planet
Question 23: A. generating B.the generations C. generate D. Generated

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
After breakfast at a restaurant, it is time to take an easy walk to Cat Cat Village, (24)_____ in a peaceful,
beautiful valley of terraced rice paddy. You’ll visit some cottages of Black H' Mong ethnic minority on the way
down to a wonderful waterfall. If coming at the right time, you can enjoy the traditional musical show performed
by the local artists.
Sau khi ăn sáng tại nhà hàng, đã đến lúc đi bộ dễ dàng đến Bản Cát Cát, nằm trong một thung lũng ruộng bậc
thang yên bình, xinh đẹp. Bạn sẽ ghé thăm một số ngôi nhà của người dân tộc H'Mông đen trên đường xuống

6
thác nước tuyệt vời. Nếu đến đúng thời điểm, bạn có thể thưởng thức những chương trình ca nhạc truyền thống
do các nghệ sĩ địa phương biểu diễn.
Continue your Sa Pa trip to Ta Van Village in Muong Hoa Valley. On the way, you get a(n) (25)_____ to
visit a school for the children of Black H’Mong, Dzay and Red Dzao ethnic families. The students and teachers
are all happy to welcome you in. You will see how hard the life here from the clothes, shoes, bags…
(26)_____the children are wearing. If you have those unused, it is so nice of you to give those things to the kids.
We often say, "Old for us, but new for others". Your visit to the school here is a lasting impression.
Tiếp tục chuyến đi Sa Pa đến bản Tả Van ở Thung lũng Mường Hoa. Trên đường đi, bạn có cơ hội đến thăm
một ngôi trường dành cho trẻ em của các gia đình dân tộc H'Mông đen, Dzay và Dao đỏ. Các bạn học sinh và
giáo viên đều vui vẻ chào đón các bạn. Các bạn sẽ thấy cuộc sống ở đây vất vả như thế nào từ quần áo, giày
dép, túi xách… mà các em đang mặc. Nếu bạn có những thứ không dùng đến, bạn thật tốt bụng khi tặng những
thứ đó cho bọn trẻ. Người ta thường nói: “Cũ với mình nhưng mới với người khác”. Chuyến thăm trường của
bạn ở đây là một ấn tượng lâu dài.
Continue your Sa Pa tour along the mountainous road and have (27)_____ experience to walk in the buffalo
path. Then, you visit the Dzay houses to compare the differences with Black H'Mong homes. After that, you
walk down to Muong Hoa River bank to have a nice rest and great lunch with traditional music dance and show
by the local people.
Tiếp tục chuyến tham quan Sa Pa dọc theo con đường núi và trải nghiệm thêm một trải nghiệm khác là đi dạo
trên đường trâu. Sau đó, quý khách tham quan nhà của người Dáy để so sánh sự khác biệt với nhà của người
H'Mông đen. Sau đó, bạn đi bộ xuống bờ sông Mường Hoa để nghỉ ngơi và ăn trưa tuyệt vời với các điệu múa
và chương trình ca nhạc truyền thống của người dân địa phương.
You can enjoy your free discovery of the local market (28)____ transferring to Lao Cai Station for the
overnight train to Ha Noi.
Bạn có thể tự do khám phá chợ địa phương trước khi chuyển đến Ga Lào Cai để bắt chuyến tàu đêm về Hà
Nội.
Question 24. A. located B. sat C. lied D. inhabited
Question 25. A. effect B. place C. chance D. fortune
Question 26. A. who B. which C. where D. when
Question 27. A. other B. the other C. others D. another
Question 28. A. nor B. before C. then D. or
Read the following passage. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the questions
Scientists believe they now have scientific evidence to prove that ecosystems work better when there is a
greater variety of species within them. This biodiversity is being lost destroying natural mechanisms that could
repair the damage caused by man.
Các nhà khoa học tin rằng giờ đây họ đã có bằng chứng khoa học để chứng minh rằng hệ sinh thái hoạt
động tốt hơn khi có nhiều loài đa dạng hơn trong đó. Sự đa dạng sinh học này đang bị mất đi, phá hủy các cơ
chế tự nhiên có thể sửa chữa những thiệt hại do con người gây ra.
Findings show that losing plants and animals is not only reducing our quality of life but actually
endangering our very existence. We cut down rich rainforests and replace them with one species plantations,
such as pine and eucalyptus. We plough up meadows rich in different grasses and herbs and replace them with
one grass, for instance rye or wheat.
Các phát hiện cho thấy việc mất đi thực vật và động vật không chỉ làm giảm chất lượng cuộc sống mà còn
gây nguy hiểm cho chính sự tồn tại của chúng ta. Chúng tôi chặt phá những khu rừng nhiệt đới trù phú và thay
thế chúng bằng những đồn điền cùng loài, chẳng hạn như thông và bạch đàn. Chúng ta cày xới những đồng cỏ
có nhiều loại cỏ và thảo mộc khác nhau và thay thế chúng bằng một loại cỏ, chẳng hạn như lúa mạch đen hoặc
lúa mì.
When a natural ecosystem is simplified the basic processes in the ecosystem are altered and even damaged.
Without their biodiversity, they are not able to serve as the natural cleaners of our planet. No longer are they
able to absorb the carbon dioxide that is being produced in excess. The result is global warming, caused by the
increase in the 'greenhouse effect', and ultimately, or even sooner, there will be a change in the world's climate.
Khi một hệ sinh thái tự nhiên bị đơn giản hóa, các quá trình cơ bản trong hệ sinh thái sẽ bị thay đổi và thậm
chí bị hư hỏng. Nếu không có sự đa dạng sinh học, chúng không thể đóng vai trò là chất tẩy rửa tự nhiên cho
hành tinh của chúng ta. Họ không còn có thể hấp thụ lượng khí carbon dioxide đang được sản xuất quá mức.
Kết quả là sự nóng lên toàn cầu, gây ra bởi sự gia tăng 'hiệu ứng nhà kính', và cuối cùng, hoặc thậm chí sớm
7
hơn, sẽ có sự thay đổi về khí hậu thế giới.
Question 29. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The Variety of Species B. Natural Mechanisms
C. How Ecosystems Work Better D. The Loss of Biodiversity
Question 30. What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A. To show natural mechanisms at work. B. To give examples of the loss of biodiversity
C. To give example of variety of species. D. To show how ecosystems can work better.
Question 31. What, according to the passage, might be the final result of the simplification of natural
ecosystems?
A. There is a loss of biodiversity B. There is global warming
C. The basic processes are altered D. There is a change in the climate
Question 32. The word "them" in paragraph 2 refers to __________.
A. rain forests B. Animals C. species D. Plants
Question 33. As used in paragraph 3, the word “absorb” could be beat replaced which of the following?
A. draw back B. pay back C. take in D. get rid of
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two
decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known
species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high
rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of
biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to expand, it will negatively affect
one after another of Earth’s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as
wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now
humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff
of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they
have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution.
Đa dạng sinh học chỉ được công nhận rộng rãi là một vấn đề bảo tồn quan trọng chỉ trong hai thập kỷ
qua. Sự tàn phá nhanh chóng các khu rừng mưa nhiệt đới, vốn là hệ sinh thái có độ đa dạng loài cao nhất được
biết đến trên Trái đất, đã đánh thức con người về tầm quan trọng và tính mong manh của đa dạng sinh học. Tỷ
lệ tuyệt chủng loài cao trong những môi trường này thật đáng kinh ngạc, nhưng điều quan trọng là phải nhận ra
tầm quan trọng của sự đa dạng sinh học trong tất cả các hệ sinh thái. Khi dân số loài người tiếp tục mở rộng, nó
sẽ ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến hệ sinh thái của Trái đất lần lượt. Trong các hệ sinh thái trên cạn và các hệ sinh thái
ven biển (như vùng đất ngập nước), vấn đề phổ biến nhất là sự phá hủy môi trường sống. Trong hầu hết các tình
huống, kết quả là không thể thay đổi được. Hiện nay con người đang bắt đầu phá hủy hệ sinh thái biển thông
qua các loại hoạt động khác, chẳng hạn như xử lý và xả chất thải độc hại; trong vòng chưa đầy hai thế kỷ, bằng
cách giảm đáng kể sự đa dạng của các loài trên Trái đất, chúng đã chuyển hướng quá trình tiến hóa một cách
không thể thay đổi được.
However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering
the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the
rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological
devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred
on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time
for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments.
Tuy nhiên, chưa có gì có thể sánh bằng mức độ và tốc độ mà loài người đang làm thay đổi thế giới vật
lý, hóa học và phá hủy môi trường. Trên thực tế, có sự đồng thuận rộng rãi rằng chính tốc độ thay đổi mà con
người đang gây ra, thậm chí còn nhiều hơn cả những thay đổi của bản thân, sẽ dẫn đến sự tàn phá sinh học. Sự
sống trên Trái đất liên tục thay đổi khi những thay đổi vật lý và hóa học chậm diễn ra trên Trái đất, nhưng sự
sống cần thời gian để thích nghi - thời gian cho sự di cư và thích nghi di truyền trong các loài hiện có và thời
gian cho sự phát triển của vật liệu di truyền mới và các loài mới có thể bị biến đổi. có khả năng tồn tại trong
môi trường mới.

8
Question 34: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs
B. The variety of species found in tropical rain forests
C. The time required for species to adapt to new environments
D. The impact of human activities on Earth’s ecosystems
Question 35: The word “critical” is OPPOSITE in meaning to .
A. complicated B. interesting C. negative D. unessential
Question 36: The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to_____
A. The Earth B. The human population
C. The Earth’s ecosystem D. Biological diversity
Question 37: The author mentions all of the following as examples of the effect of humans on the world’s
ecosystems EXCEPT .
A. habitat destruction in wetlands
B. the introduction of new varieties of plant species
C. damage to marine ecosystems
D. destruction of the tropical rain forests
Question 38: According to the passage, natural evolutionary change is different from changes caused by humans
in that changes caused by humans ______
A. Affect fewer ecosystems B. Are occurring at a much faster rate
C. Are reversible D. Are less devastating to most species
Question 39: Which of the following can best replace “in flux”?
A. Breaking B. Producing C. Changing D. Increasing
Question 40: It can be inferred from the passage that _____
A. Human influence on ecosystems should not be a factor in determining public policy.
B. Humans should be more conscious of the influence they have o ecosystems.
C. The extinction of a few species is an acceptable consequence of human progress.
D. Technology will provide solutions to problems caused by the destruction of ecosystems