CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION  IV

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Instructor: Bipin Gupta, Contact: Motwani Building – Room no: MB-608, email: bkgupta@iitk.ac.in, Phone no: 0512-259-2143 (O)
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CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL

• Semi-infinite, elastic, homogeneous, isotropic

• Same as the Boussinesq’s problem, load acting at a point; however, in this case applied
loading is dynamic, also referred to as the dynamic Boussinesq problem.
Qz(t)
Qx (t)

Gs, s, s Gs, s, s

Vertically vibrating force Horizontally vibrating force

• Lamb (1904) developed solutions for vertical and horizontal vibrating point forces at
the soil surface
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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL VERTICAL VIBRATION

• From Lamb’s solution, Reissner (1936) for a uniformly loaded circular area obtained
Q0eit
Load per unit area  Q(t) Q0eit
 r02
flexible circular area

Q0eit r0
z0   f1  if 2  Vertical displacement at centre Gs, s, s
Gs r0
Q0  Forcing amplitude,   operating frequency, rad/sec, Gs  dynamic shear modulus of soil
r0  radius of footing, f1, f2  displacement functions, i = sqrt(-1) z

Az f12  f 22
Azn   2 2 Dimensionless amplitude
 Q0 / Gs r0 
 2 2
 
1  ba0 f1  ba0 f 2 
Az  Amplitude of foundation, b  mass ratio, a0  dimensionless frequency Mass ratio – describes the relationship between
mass of the vibrating footing and certain mass
Az f12  f 22 of elastic half-space
Azn   2 2
 Q0 / Gs r0 
1  ba02 f1   ba02 f2  b
m
 s r03

W
 s r03

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• From Lamb’s solution, Reissner (1936) for a uniformly loaded circular area obtained
Az f12  f 22
Azn   2 2 Q(t) Q0eit
 Q0 / Gs r0 
  
1  ba02 f1  ba02 f 2  flexible circular area

r0
s Gs, s, s
Dimensionless frequency – a0   r0   r0vs
Gs

m – mass of machine and foundation, vs – shear wave velocity, s – unit weight of soil
z
s – mass density of soil
f1 and f2 are displacement functions and dependent on s and a0

Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• Quinlan (1953) and Sung (1953) extended Reissner’work for these contact pressure
distribution fz at a distance r measured from the centre of foundation
Q0 eit
fz  for r  r0 Rigid base Q(t) Q0eit
2 r0 r02  r 2 circular area

r0
Gs, s, s

Q0 eit Uniform z
fz  for r  r0
 r02

Az f12  f 22
Azn  
fz 

2 r02  r 2  for r  r0 Parabolic
 Q0 / Gs r0  2
1  ba02 f1   ba02 f2 
2

 r04
Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL VERTICAL VIBRATION

• f1 and f2 changes, Sung (1953), pressure distribution changes with frequency
Q(t) Q0eit
Az f12  f 22
Azn   rigid circular area
 Q0 / Gs r0  2 2
  
1  ba02 f1 
ba02 f 2
r0
Gs, s, s

Saran 2016 Rigid base

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• f1 and f2 changes, Sung (1953), pressure distribution does not change with frequency
Q(t) Q0eit
Az f12  f 22
Azn   rigid circular area
 Q0 / Gs r0  2 2
  
1  ba02 f1  ba02 f 2 Richart (1962) r0
Gs, s, s
m W
b 
 s r03  s r03 z

Saran 2016 Rigid base

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• Frequency dependent forcing amplitude
2me e 2 f12  f 22
Aze  2 2
Gs r0

1  ba02 f1    ba02 f 2  Richart (1962)

Aze f12  f 22 2
Azen    a0
 2mee / s r03  1  ba02 f1 2  ba02 f2  2

2mee2

Non-dimensional amplitude
Q(t) Q0eit
m W rigid circular area
b 
 s r03  s r03 r0
Gs, s, s

Total rotating mass z

Rigid base Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• Effect of contact pressure distribution 2mee2

Aze f12  f 22 Q(t) Q0eit

Azen    a02
 2mee / s r03  1  ba02 f1 2  ba02 f2  2 circular area

r0
Gs, s, s

z
Richart (1962)

Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• Effect of Poisson’s ratio 2mee2

Aze f12  f 22 Q(t) Q0eit

Azen    a02
 2mee / s r03  1  ba02 f1 2  ba02 f2  2 rigid circular area

r0
Gs, s, s

Richart (1962)

Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

ELASTIC HALF-SPACE MODEL  VERTICAL VIBRATION

• Max. amplitude and value of a0 for various values of b

Richart (1962) Richart (1962)

Saran 2016

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MACHINE FOUNDATION
 CE 451A: Application of Geotechnical Engineering

THANK YOU

Instructor: Bipin Gupta, Contact: Motwani Building – Room no: MB-608, email: bkgupta@iitk.ac.in, Phone no: 0512-259-2143 (O)
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