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University of North Bengal: Athematics
University of North Bengal: Athematics
/Mathematics/MATHCC13/2021
CC13-MATHEMATICS
RING THEORY AND LINEAR ALGEBRA-II
Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60
ASSIGNMENT
GROUP-A
Answer all questions from the following 2×5 = 10
3. Find the orthogonal complement of W span {(1, 1, 1)} in the Euclidean space
ℝ3 with standard inner product.
4. Let (|) denotes the standard inner product on ℝ2. Let D (2, 1), E (1, 1). If P
is a vector such that (D | P ) 3 , ( E | P ) 2, then find P.
GROUP-B
Answer all questions from the following 10×3 = 30
6. (a) Use Gram-Schmidt process to obtain an orthogonal basis from the basis 4+3+3
{(1, 0, 1), (1, 1, 1), (1, 3, 4)} of Euclidean space ℝ3 with standard inner product.
(b) Let ℝ3 be a Euclidean space with standard inner product and T : V V be
defined by T ( x, y, z) ( x 2 y, x z, x 3 y 2 z ). Find T*, adjoint of T.
⎛1 1 1 0⎞
⎜ ⎟
(c) Find an orthonormal basis of the row space of the matrix ⎜ 2 3 1 1⎟
.
⎜1 2 3 1⎟
⎜ ⎟
⎜0 1 2 1 ⎟⎠
⎝
7. (a) Find all the maximal and prime ideals of ℤ10. 3+3+4
(b) Let D be a Euclidean domain with Euclidean valuation Q . If a | b and
Q (a ) Q (b), prove that a and b are associates in D.
(c) Is the integral domain ℤ [ 5] {a b 5 : a, b ± ℤ}, a unique factorization
domain? Justify your answer.
8. (a) Find a 3×3 matrix for which the minimal polynomial is x2. 5+5
(b) Let T be a linear operator on ℝ4 which is represented in the standard basis by the
matrix.
⎛0 0 0 0⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜a 0 0 0⎟
⎜0 b 0 0⎟
⎜ ⎟
⎜0 0 c 0⎟
⎝ ⎠
Under what conditions, T is diagonalizable?
GROUP-C
Answer all questions from the following 5×2 = 10
9. (a) Find the eigen values and corresponding eigenspace of the matrix kI5 . Generalize 4+1
the result for the matrix kI n .
10. If N1, N 2 be any two normal operators such that either permutes with the adjoint 5
of the other, then prove that N1 N 2 and N1 N 2 are normal.
GROUP-D
Answer all questions from the following 5×2 = 10
⎛1 0 0 0⎞
⎜ ⎟
1 1 0 0⎟
11. Find the minimal polynomial of the matrix ⎜ . 5
⎜0 0 2 0⎟
⎜0 0 0 2 ⎟⎠
⎝
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6072 2
UG/CBCS/B.Sc./Hons./6th Sem./Mathematics/MATHCC13/2022
CC13-MATHEMATICS
RING THEORY AND LINEAR ALGEBRA-II
Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60
GROUP-A
Answer any four questions from the following 3×4 = 12
⎛1 2⎞
5. Test for the diagonalizability of the matrix ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ in M 2 (ℝ).
⎝0 1⎠
6. If S1 and S 2 are two subsets of a vector space V such that S1 ° S 2 then prove that
S 20 ° S10 . Here S 0 denotes the annihilator of S.
GROUP-B
Answer any four questions from the following 6×4 = 24
7. (a) Show that I {(a, 0) : a ± ℤ} is a prime ideal but not a maximal ideal in the ring 3
ℤ × ℤ.
(b) Prove that in an integral domain, every prime element is an irreducible element. Is 3
the converse true? Justify your answer.
8. (a) Show that 2 11i and 2 7i are relatively prime in the integral domain ℤ [ i ] . 3
(b) Prove that K [ x] is a Euclidean domain where K is a field. 3
9. (a) Let B {E1 , E 2 , E 3} be a basis for ℝ3, where E1 (1, 0, –1), E 2 (1, 1, 1) and 3
E3 (2, 2, 0). Find the dual basis of B.
(b) Let W be the subspace of ℝ5 which is spanned by the vectors D1 = (2, –2, 3, 4, –1), 3
D 2 (–1, 1, 2, 5, 2), D 3 (0, 0, –1, –2, 3) and D 4 (1, –1, 2, 3, 0). Find W 0 .
10.(a) Let V be a vector space over a field F and T : V V be a linear operator. Suppose 3
FT (t ) and m(t ) are the characteristic polynomial and minimal polynomial of T
respectively. Then prove that m(t ) divides F T (t ) .
(b) Prove that for all D, E in a Euclidean space V, 〈D , E 〉 0 iff 3
|| D E ||2 || D ||2 || E ||2 .
11.(a) Let V be an inner product space and T be a linear operator on V. Then prove that T 4
is an orthogonal projection iff T has an adjoint T and T 2 T T .
(b) State Bessel’s inequality regarding an orthogonal set of nonzero vectors in an 2
inner product space V.
12.(a) Apply Gram-Schmidt process to the given subset S of the inner product 4
space V to obtain an orthonormal basis B for span (S), where V ℝ3 and
S {(1, 1, 1), (0, 1, 1), (0, 0, 1)}.
⎛0 2⎞
(b) Let A ± M 2 (ℝ), where A ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ . Show that A is diagonalizable. 2
⎝ 1 3 ⎠
GROUP-C
Answer any two questions from the following 12×2 = 24
13.(a) Let R be an integral domain. Suppose there exists a function G : R \ {0} ⟶ ℕ0 such 6
that for all a, b ± R \ {0}, G (a b) G (b) , where equality holds iff a is a unit. Then
prove that R is a factorization domain.
(b) If p be a nonzero non-unit element in a PID D, then prove that the following 6
statements are equivalent:
(i) p is a prime element in D.
(ii) p is an irreducible element in D.
(iii) 〈 p〉 is a nonzero maximal ideal of D.
(iv) 〈 p〉 is a nonzero prime ideal of D.
14.(a) Prove that the integral domains ℤ [ i n ] for n 6, 7, 10 are factorization domains 6
but not unique factorization domains.
6072 2
UG/CBCS/B.Sc./Hons./6th Sem./Mathematics/MATHCC13/2022
⎛ 4 2 2⎞
⎜ ⎟
A ⎜6 3 4⎟
⎜ 3 2 3⎟
⎝ ⎠
(c) Let T1 and T2 be two linear operators on an inner product space V. Then prove that 3
(T1 T2 ) T2 T1 .
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