"Let P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.

5 and P(A + B)
= 0.7. Find
a) P(AB)
b) P(A’B)
c) P(A|B)
d) P(B|A’) .”

a) Ta có:
P(A + B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(AB)
 P(AB) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A + B)
 P(AB) = 0.4 + 0.5 – 0.7
= 0.2

b) Ta có: P(A’) = 1 – P(A) = 1 – 0.4 = 0.6

P(A’B) = P(A’) . P(B)
 P(A’B) = 0.6 . 0.5
= 0.3
C) Ta có:
P(A|B) = P(AB)|P(B) = 0.2/0.5 = 0.4
d) Ta có:
P(B|A’) = P(BA’)|P(A’) = P(A’B)|P(A’)
= 0.3/0.6 = 0.5

Example:
Of the cars on a used car lot, 70% have air
conditioning (AC) and 40% have a CD player
(CD). 20% of the cars have both. What is the
probability that a car has a CD player, given that
it has AC?

Solve:
 - Call the probability that a car has a AC
player is: P(AC) and P(AC) = 70% = 0.7
- Call the probability that a car has a CD
player is: P(CD) and P(CD) = 40% = 0.4
- Call the probability that a car has both AC
and CD player is: P(ACCD) and P(ACCD) =
20% = 0.2
- The probability that a car has a CD player,
given that it has AC is:
P(CD|AC) = P(CDAC)/P(AC) = 0.2/0.7
= 2/7