MATM FIBONACCI

● Background
I. MATHEMATICS IN OUR WORLD - Leonardo Pisano Bogollo
● Math In Daily Life - Lived between 1170-1250 Italy
- Patterns - Measurement - Nickname “Fibonacci” means “Son of
- Estimation - Problem Solving Bonacci”
- Probability - Fraction - Hindu Arabic numerals
- Time - Symmetry ● Origin
- Money - Geometry - Investigation of reproduction of rabbits
● What is Mathematics? ● Rule
- Study of pattern and structure - Add the last two terms to get the next
- Useful way to think about nature and
GOLDEN RATIO (1.618)
our world
- 1.618034
● What Role Math Plays?
- Ratio between two numbers
- Organize patterns and regularities
- when two lengths divided via a formula,
- Predict behavior of nature and
is equal to the number phi
phenomena
- also called the golden section, golden
- Control nature and occurrences
mean, golden number, divine
PATTERNS AND NUMBERS IN NATURE proportion, divine section
AND THE WORLD - Fibonacci numbers are close to Golden
● Pattern Ratio, bigger the pair, closer the
- Regular approximation
- Repeated - Mona lisa, notre dame, parthenon
- Recurring forms or designs - First discovered by mathematicians of
- Identify relationships Ancient Greece: Pythagoras and Euclid,
- Find Logical Connections to form Leonardo Bonacci (Leonardo of Pisa).
generalizations - Rectangles can be created
● Patterns in Nature
- Visible regularities of form found in II. MATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE AND
natural world/universe SYMBOLS
● Nature Patterns ● Language
- Vital clues that govern natural processes - Spoken, written symbols to express
● Symbols commonly used in Math
Examples of Patterns:
1. Stars
2. Weather season cycle/Snowflakes
sixfold symmetry
3. Fish patterns (mathematical regularities
in biological growth and form)
4. Stripes: Zebras, tigers, snakes
Spots: Leopards, hyenas
Blotches: giraffes
5. Natural Patterns: waves, sand dunes,
typhoon (clues to the rules that govern
flow of water, sand, air)
 ● ENGLISH Language vs. 5. EQUALS
MATHEMATICS Language: - Is, are, was, were, will be, gives, yields,
sold for, cost
6. INEQUALITIES

1. Name
English - Carol
Math - 5, 1.2 + 6, x,y
2. Complete thought
English - Grace loves Mathematics SETS
Math - 8 + 27 = 35 - Collection of well defined, distinct
3. Synonyms objects
English - Beautiful, Pretty - Capital letters
Math - 1=1 - Separated by commas
- Objects that belong in a set are called
● MATH KEY WORDS elements
1. ADDITION - Listing its element between braces
- Increased by Definitions
- More than ● One to one correspondence
- Combined, together - Connect one object and count
- Total of ● Cardinality
- Sum, plus - How many things are in a set
- Added to
- Greater than
2. SUBTRACTION
- Decreased by
- Minus, less
- Difference between/of
- Less than/fewer than ● Universal Set
- Left, left over, after - Total of all element
- Smaller than - “U” Symbol
3. MULTIPLICATION ● Null Set
- Of - No elements, empty
- Times, multiplied by - ⊘ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 { } Symbol
- Product of ● Cardinal
- increased/decreased by a factor - One, two three
- Twice, triple each - Words Numbers
4. DIVISION ● Ordinal
- Per, a - 1st, 2nd, 3rd
- Out of ● Nominal
- Ratio of, quotient of - 1,2,3,4,5
- Percent, average
- Equal pieces, split
ELEMENTARY LOGIC
● Logic
- Set of rules that govern structure and
presentation of mathematical proofs
- Determine validity of arguments in and
out of math
● Proposition
- Declarative statement that declares true
or false
- Expressed in symbols P, Q, R
a. Simple - single idea
b. Compound - two or more idea
● Quantifier
1. Universal Quantifier
- “For all” or “for every” denoted by ∀ -
2. Existential Quantifier
- “There exists” denoted by ∃
● LOGIC STATEMENTS
III. PROBLEM SOLVING AND
REASONING
● Problem
- Confronts learners that requires
resolution by mathematical
operation/geometric construction
● Method
- Techniques used to get the answer
● Problem Solving
- Provess, ongoing activity we take to
discover
● Drill/Exercise
- Require solution but method is clear
● INDUCTIVE REASONING
- Reaching general conclusion by
examining specific examples
- Observation, analysis, theory
a. Counterexample
- If you find a statement that is not true,
the statement is false
● DEDUCTIVE REASONING
- Reaching conclusion by applying general
assumptions, procedures, principles
- Idea, observations, conclusion
KEY TERMS
a. Argument
Reason against something
b. Premises
- Minor.major proposition that serve
basis for argument
- Assumption, law, rule, idea, observation
c. Syllogism
- Argument composed of two statements
followed by a conclusion
d. Conclusion
- Last step in reasoning process
● POLYA STRATEGY
- George Polya (1887-1985)
- Four step problem solving strategy that
are deceptively simple
● POLYA’S FOUR STEP:
1. Understand the Problem
2. Devise a Plan
3. Carry out the Plan
4. Review the Solution
1. UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
- Can you restate the problem in your own
words?
- Can you determine what is known about
these types of problems?
- Is there missing information that, if
known, would allow you to solve the
problem?
- Is there extraneous information that is
not needed to solve problems?
- What is the goal?

2. DEVISE A PLAN
- Make a list of the known information
- Make the list of the information that is
need
- Draw a diagram
- Make an organize list that shows all the
possibilities
- Make a table or chart
- Try to solve a similar but simpler
problem.
- Write an equation. If necessary define
each variable represents
- Perform an experiment
- Guess at a solution and then check your
result

3. CARRY OUT A PLAN

- Work carefully
- Keep an accurate and neat record of all
your attempts
- Realize that some of your initial plans
will not work and that you may have to
devise another plan or modify your
existing plan

4. REVIEW THE SOLUTION

- Ensure that the solution is consistent
with the facts of the problem.
- Interpret the solution in the context of
the problem.
- Ask yourself whether there are
generalizations of the solution that could
apply to other problems.