Differential Equations 249

11
Differential Equations
TOPIC 1
02 The differential equation satisfied Ans. (2)
Order, Degree and Formation by the system of parabolas  a
of Differential Equations y 2 = 4a (x + a) is Given, y 2 = a  x + , a > 0 …(i)
 2 
[2021, 18 March Shift-I]
2 Differentiating both sides w.r.t. ‘x’.
 dy   dy 
01 A differential equation (a) y   − 2 x   − y = 0 dy
 dx   dx  2y = a [1 + 0] = a … (ii)
representing the family of 2
dx
parabolas with axis parallel to  dy   dy 
(b) y   − 2 x   + y = 0 Use Eqs. (ii) in (i) to eliminate the
Y-axis and whose length of latus  dx   dx  constant ‘a’.
dy  dy 
2
rectum is the distance of the point  dy   dy 
(c) y   + 2 x   − y = 0 y 2 = 2y  x + 2y 
(2, – 3) from the line 3x + 4y = 5, is  dx   dx  dx  dx 
given by [2021, 27 Aug. Shift-II]  
dy  dy 
(d) y   + 2 x   − y = 0 y 2 − 2xy
dy
= 2 2⋅ y y ⋅
dy dy
d2 y d2 x  dx   dx 
(a) 10 2 = 11 (b) 11 2 + 10 dx dx dx
dx dy Ans. (c) Squaring on both sides,
2 3
2
d x 2
d y Given, equation of curve is y 2 = 4a (x + a)  dy  dy  dy 
(c) 10 2 = 11 (d) 11 2 = 10 y 4 + 4x 2 y 2   − 4xy 3 = 8y 3  
dy dx ⇒ y 2 = 4ax + 4a 2 …(i)  dx  dx  dx 
Differentiating Eq. (i) w.r.t. x, we get
Ans. (d) Thus, degree of above differential
dy
Let (h, k) be the vertex of parabola. 2y = 4a equation is 3 and its order is 1.
dx
Then, equation of parabola parallel to Difference between degree and order
 y  dy
Y-axis is ⇒ a= ⋅ …(i) =3− 1=2
 2  dx
(x − h) 2 = 4a (y − k) … (i) 2 
Also, ∴Required differential equation is 04 If y =  x − 1 cosec x is the solution
Length of latusrectum = Distance of y dy  y dy 
2 π 
point (2, − 3) from the line3x + 4y = 5 y2 = 4 × × x + 4 ⋅ 
2 dx  2 dx  of the differential equation,
⇒ 4a =
|6 − 12 − 5| [From Eqs. (i) and (ii)] dy 2 π
+ p(x) y = cosec x, 0 < x < ,
32 + 42  dy 
2
 dy  dx π 2
⇒ y 2   + 2xy   − y 2 = 0
11  dx   dx  then the function p(x) is equal to
⇒ 4a =
[2020, 6 Sep. Shift-II]
5   dy  2  dy  
∴From Eq. (i), ⇒ y  y   + 2x   − y  = 0 (a) cot x (b) cosec x
11   dx   dx   (c) sec x (d) tanx
(x − h) 2 = (y − k)
5 As, y ≠ 0 2 Ans. (a)
 dy   dy 
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get ∴ y   + 2x   − y = 0
y =  x − 1 cosec x
2
 dx   dx  Since, ...(i)
11 dy π 
m2(x − h) =
5 dx 03 The difference between degree On differentiating w.r.t. ‘x’, we get
Again, differentiating w.r.t. x and order of a differential equation
= cosec x −  x − 1 cosec x cot x
dy 2 2
11 d 2 y that represents the family of dx π π 
2=
5 dx 2  a
curves given by y 2 = a  x + , ⇒
dy 2
+ y cot x = cosec x [from Eq. (i)]
⇒
2
d y
11 2 = 10
 2  dx π
dx a > 0 is ……… . [2021, 26 Feb. Shift-I] ...(ii)
 2
It is given that  dy  This is the required differential equation
⇒   ( y − 2) = 25 − ( y − 2)
2 2
dy 2 π  dx  whose order is two and degree is one.
+ p(x) y = cosec x, 0 < x <
dx π 2
or y ′2 ( y − 2) 2 = 25 − ( y − 2) 2 09 The differential equation
On comparing with Eq. (ii), we get
p(x) = cot x representing the family of curves
07 The differential equation of all
05 The differential equation of the y 2 = 2c (x + c ), where c > 0, is a
circles passing through the origin
family of curves, x 2 = 4b(y + b), b ∈R, parameter, is of order and degree
and having their centres on the
is as follows [AIEEE 2005]
[2020, 8 Jan. Shift-II] X-axis is [AIEEE 2007]
(a) order 2, degree 2
(a) xy′′ = y ′ dy dy
(a) x 2 = y 2 + xy (b) x 2 = y 2 + 3xy (b) order 1, degree 3
(b) x (y ′ ) 2 = x + 2 yy ′ dx dx (c) order 1, degree 1
(c) x (y ′ ) 2 = x − 2 yy ′ dy dy (d) order 1, degree 2
(c) y 2 = x 2 + 2 xy (d) y 2 = x 2 − 2 xy
(d) x (y ′ ) 2 = 2 yy ′ − x dx dx Ans. (b)
Ans. (b) Ans. (c)
Given, equation of family of curves is
Given equation of family of curves General equation of all such circles
which pass through the origin and whose y 2 = 2 c (x + c) …(i)
x 2 = 4b (y + b), b ∈ R
centre lie on X-axis, is On differentiating Eq. (i) w.r.t. x, we get
⇒ x 2 = 4by + 4b 2 …(i)
On differentiating the above Eq. (i) w.r.t. x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx = 0 …(i) 2 y y1 = 2 c ⇒ c = y y1
x, we get On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get On putting the value of c in Eq. (i), we get
2x = 4b
dy dy y 2 = 2 y y 1 (x + y y1 )
dx 2x + 2y + 2g = 0
dx ∴ ( y − 2 y y 1 x) 2 = 4 ( y y 1 ) 3
2

2x
⇒ 4b = …(ii),  dy  Hence, the degree and order of above
y′ ⇒ 2 g = −  2 x + 2y 
 dx  equation are three and one, respectively.
dy
where = y′ On putting the value of 2g in Eq. (i), we get
dx 10 The differential equation for the
 dy 
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), on eliminatingb, we x 2 + y 2 +  −2 x − 2y  x = 0 family of curves x 2 + y 2 − 2ay = 0,
get  dx 
where a is an arbitrary constant, is
2 dy
2x  x  ⇒ x 2 + y 2 − 2 x 2 − 2 xy =0 [AIEEE 2004]
x2 = y + 4  dx
y′  2y ′  (a) 2 (x 2 − y 2 ) y ′ = xy
dy
⇒ x 2 (y ′) 2 = 2xyy ′ + x 2 ⇒ y 2 = x 2 + 2 xy (b) 2 (x 2 + y 2 ) y ′ = xy
dx (c) (x 2 − y 2 ) y ′ = 2 xy
⇒ x (y ′) 2 = x + 2yy ′
which is the required equation. (d) (x 2 + y 2 ) y ′ = 2 xy
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Ans. (c)
08 The differential equation whose
06 The differential equation of the solution is Ax 2 + By 2 = 1, where The equation of the family of curves is
family of circles with fixed radius 5 A and B are arbitrary constant, is of x 2 + y 2 − 2ay = 0 …(i)
units and centre on the line y = 2 is [AIEEE 2006] On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
[AIEEE 2008]
(a) first order and second degree 2x + 2yy ′ − 2ay ′ = 0
(a) (x − 2) 2 y ′ 2 = 25 − ( y − 2) 2 (b) first order and first degree 2 x + 2yy ′
⇒ = 2a …(ii)
(b) (x − 2) y ′ 2 = 25 − ( y − 2) 2 (c) second order and first degree y′
(c) ( y − 2) y ′ 2 = 25 − ( y − 2) 2 (d) second order and second degree x2 + y2
From Eq. (i), we get 2a =
(d) ( y − 2) 2 y ′ 2 = 25 − ( y − 2) 2 y
Ans. (c)
Ans. (d)
The given equation is Ax 2 + By 2 = 1. On putting the value of2a in Eq. (ii), we get
The equation of family of circles with 2 x + 2yy ′ x 2 + y 2
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get =
centre on y = 2 and radius 5 is
dy y′ y
(x − α ) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 52 …(i) 2 Ax + 2 By =0 …(i)
dx ⇒ 2 xy + 2y 2 y ′ = x 2 y ′ + y 2 y ′
⇒ x + α 2 − 2α x + y 2 + 4 − 4y = 25
2

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get Again differentiating, we get ∴ (x 2 − y 2 ) y ′ = 2 xy

dy dy  dy  2 d 2 y 
2 x − 2α + 2y −4 =0 2 A + 2 B   + y 2  = 0 …(ii) 11 The degree and order of the
dx dx
dy  dx  dx 
differential equation of the family of
⇒ α=x+ ( y − 2)
dx Eliminating A and B from Eqs. (i) and (ii), we all parabolas whose axis is X-axis,
On putting the value ofα in Eq. (i), we get get are respectively [AIEEE 2003]
2
 dy 
2
d 2 y  dy  y dy (a) 2, 1 (b) 1, 2
+   − ⋅ =0
 x − x − dx ( y − 2)  + ( y − 2) = 5
2 2 y
dx 2  dx  x dx (c) 3, 2 (d) 2, 3
 
 Ans. (b) TOPIC 2 dy 2x y + 2y ⋅2x
16 If = x , y(0) = 0,
General equation of parabola whose axis
Variable, Separable and dx 2 + 2 x + y log e 2
is X-axis, is
y = 4a (x + h)
2 Homogeneous Differential then for y = 1, the value of x lies in
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
Equations the interval [2021, 31 Aug. Shift-II]
1 
dy (a) (1,2) (b)  , 1
2y = 4a  2 
dx 14 Let f be a non–negative function in
[0, 1] and twice differentiable in  1
(c) (2, 3) (d) 0,
⇒ y
dy
= 2a  2 
dx (0, 1). If
x x Ans. (a)
∫0 1 − (f ′ (t)) dt = ∫0 f (t)dt, 0≤ x ≤ 1
2
Again differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
dy 2x y + 2y ⋅2x
2 1 x = x , y(0) = 0
 dy  and f (0) = 0, then lim 2 ∫ f (t) dt
2
d y
y   + y 2 =0 dx 2 + 2x + y log e 2
 dx  dx x → 0x 0
dy y + 2y
[2021, 31 Aug. Shift-I] ⇒ =
This is a differential equation whose dx 1 + 2y log e 2
degree and order are one and two, (a) equals 0 (b) equals 1
1 + 2y ⋅ log e 2 dy
respectively. (c) does not exist (d) equals 1/2 ⇒ ∫ y + 2y = ∫ dx
Ans. (d)
12 The order and degree of the x x ⇒ log | y + 2y | = x + C
∫ [1 − (f ′ (t)) ] = ∫ f (t)
2 1/2
differential equation Q y(0) = 0 ⇒ C = 0
2 0 0
3
1 + 3 dy  3 = 4 d y are ∴ ln | y + 2y | = x
  Differentiating on both sides,
 dx  dx 3 For y = 1
1 − [f ′ (x)] 2 = [f (x)]
[AIEEE 2002] x = ln | 1 + 2 | = ln 3
 2 ⇒ 1 − [f ′ (x)] 2 = [f (x)] 2 ⇒ x ∈(1, 2)
(a) 1, 
 3 ⇒ 1 − [f (x)] 2 = [f ′ (x)] 2   y2  
(b) (3, 1) ⇒ f ′ (x) = 1 − [f (x)] 2  2 φ 2  
x  
17 If y = x  2 +
dy y
(c) (3, 3) f ′ (x) dx ,x > 0 , φ> 0,
⇒ ∫ = ∫ 1 dx dx  x  y2  
(d) (1, 2)  
1 − [f (x)] 2 φ′  2 
Ans. (c)   x  
⇒ sin−1 f (x) = x + C
The given differential equation can be
Q f(0) = 0 ⇒ C = 0
rewritten as  y2 
3 f (x) = sin x and y(1) = − 1, then φ  is equal
 d 3y   4
2
 dy  x x

lim ∫ = lim ∫
 1 + 3  = 4  3  f (t) dt sin x dt
 dx   dx  ⇒ 0 0
[ap to [2021, 31 Aug. Shift-II]
x→ 0 x2 x→ 0 x2
This shows that the order and degree of
plying L’Hopital Rule] (a) 4 φ (2) (b) 4 φ (1)
given equation are 3 and 3, respectively. (c) 2 φ (1) (d) φ (1)
 sin x  1
= lim  =
x → 0  2x  2 Ans. (b)
13 The differential equation of all
x+y   y2  
non-vertical lines in a plane is dy 2 −2 x
 2 φ 2  
15 If = , y(0) = 1, then y(1) dy y x  
[AIEEE 2002]
dx 2 y Given, y =x 2 + …(i)
2
d y d x2 dx x  y2  
(a) =0 (b) =0 is equal to [2021, 31 Aug. Shift-I]  φ′  2  
dx 2 dy 2  x 
(a) log 2 (2 + e) (b) log 2 ( 1 + e) Let t =
y
dy dx
(c) =0 (d) =0 (c) log 2 (2e) (d) log 2 (1 + e 2 ) x
dx dy
Ans. (b) ⇒ y = xt
Ans. (a) dy 2x + y − 2x 2x (2y − 1 ) dy dt
= = ⇒ =t + x
The general equation of all non-vertical dx 2y 2y dx dx
lines in a plane isax + by = 1, where b ≠ 0. 2y ∴ Eq. (i) becomes
∫ 2y − 1 dy = ∫ 2 dx
x
dy
On differentiating, we get a + b =0  dt   φ(t 2 ) 
dx t t + x  = t 2 + 
Again differentiating, we get ln(2 − 1) 2
y x  dx   φ′ (t 2 ) 
= +C
2
d y ln2 ln2 dt φ(t 2 )
b =0 1 ⇒ xt =
dx 2 As, y(0) = 1 ⇒ 0 = +C dx φ′ (t 2 )
log 2
d2 y t φ′ (t 2 ) dx
⇒ =0 [Qb ≠ 0] For y (1),ln2 (2y − 1) = 21 − 1 ⇒ 2y − 1 = e ⇒ dt =
dx 2 φ(t 2 ) x
y = log 2 (e + 1)
 Integrating both sides Now, at x = π Ans. (b)
t φ′ (t 2 ) dx ln (y ( π) + 2 sin π − 5) = π 2 + ln 2 Given,f(0) = 1,
∫ φ(t 2 ) dt = ∫ x ⇒ ln(y ( π) − 5) = π 2 + ln2 f′ (0) = 2,
y ( π) − 5 = e π + ln 2
2
Let φ(t 2 ) = u ⇒ f ′′(x) ≠ 0
⇒ tφ′ (t 2 ) dt =
du ⇒ y ( π) = 2e π + 5
2
f (x) f ′ (x)
=0
2 f ′ (x) f ′′(x)
1 du dx
2∫ u ∫ x
∴ = 19 Let y (x) be the solution of the ⇒ f (x)f ′′(x) − f ′ (x)f ′ (x) = 0
differential equation f ′′(x) f ′ (x)
1 ⇒ =
⇒ ln u = ln x + C 2x 2 dy + (e y − 2x) dx = 0, x > 0. If f ′ (x) f (x)
2 f ′′(x) f ′ (x)
y (e) = 1, then y(1) is equal to
⇒
1
ln φ(t 2 ) = ln x + C [2021, 26 Aug. Shift-II]
⇒ ∫ f ′ (x) dx = ∫ f (x) dx
2
(a) 0 (b) 2 ⇒ log f ′ (x) = log f (x) + log c … (i)
1   y2  
⇒ ln  φ    = ln x + C (c) log e 2 (d) log e (2 e) or f ′ (x) = cf (x)
2   x 2  
Ans. (c) Now, put x = 0, we get
1 f ′ (0) = cf (0)
If x = 1, y = − 1, then C = ln (φ(1)) We have,2x 2 dy + (e y − 2x) dx = 0
2 ⇒ 2= c × 1
dy e y − 2x
1   y2   + =0
∴ ln  φ    = ln x + 2 ln (φ (1)) dx 2x 2 ⇒ c =2
2   x 2   dy e y 1 Putting the value of c = 2 in Eq. (i), we get
+ − =0
  y2   dx 2x 2 x log f ′ (x) = log f (x) + log 2
If x = 2, then ln  φ    = ln 4 + ln [φ(1)]
  4  dy e − y 1 ⇒ f ′ (x) = 2f (x)
e−y − =− 2 …(i) f ′ (x)
or
 y2 
φ  = 4φ(1)
dx x 2x ⇒ ∫ f (x) dx = ∫ 2dx
 4 e−y = t …(ii)
−y
− e dy = dt ⇒ log f (x) = 2x + D
18 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the  dt  ⇒ f (x) = e 2 x + D
dy = −   …(iii)
differential equation t  ⇒ f (x) = e D ⋅ e 2 x
dy ⇒ f (x) = k ⋅ e 2 x [Let k = e D ]
= 2 (y + 2 sin x − 5) x − 2 cos x such −dt t 1
− =− 2 [From Eq. (i)] Put x = 0, we get
dx dx x 2x
that, y(0) = 7. Then y(π) is equal to f (0) = k. e 0
dx
[2021, 27 Aug. Shift-I] x dt + t dx = ⇒ 1= k
2x
(a) 2 e π + 5 (b) e π + 5 ⇒ f (x) = k ⋅ e 2 x
2 2

dx ∴ f (x) = e 2 x
(c) 3 e π + 5 (d) 7 e π + 5 ∫ d (xt) = ∫ 2x
2 2

Put x = 1, we get
Ans. (a) 1 c
xt = log (x) + f ( 1) = e 2
dy 2 2
Given, = 2(y + 2 sin x − 5) x − 2 cos x, 2
Clearly, e lies in (6, 9).
dx 2xe − y = log x + c
y(0) = 7 When x = e, y = 1 21 Let slope of the tangent line to a
dy 2e ⋅ e −1 = log e + c
⇒ + 2 cos x = 2(y + 2 sin x − 5) x ...(i) curve at any point P (x, y) be given
dx c=1 xy 2 + y
Let y + 2 sin x − 5 = t ∴ 2xe − y = log x + 1 by . If the curve intersects
dy dt x
⇒ + 2 cos x = When x = 1,
dx dx the line x + 2y = 4 at x = − 2, then the
e−y = 0 + 1
Then, Eq. (i) becomes
value of y, for which the point (3, y)
ey = 2
dt lies on the curve, is
= 2tx ⇒ y = log e 2
dx [2021, 26 Feb. Shift-II]
20 Let f be a twice differentiable 18 4
⇒
dt
= 2x dx (a) (b) −
t function defined on R, such that 35 3
18 18
On integrating f (0) = 1 , f ′ (0) = 2 and f ′ (x) ≠ 0 for all (c) − (d) −
lnt = x 2 + C f (x) f ′ (x) 19 11
⇒ ln(y + 2 sin x − 5) = x 2 + C
x ∈R. If = 0, for all Ans. (c)
...(ii) f ′ (x) f ′′ (x)
∴ y (0) = 7 Given, slope of tangent line to curve at
x ∈R, then the value of f(1) lies in
⇒ ln(7 + 0 − 5) = 0 + C xy 2 + y
the interval [2021, 24 Feb. Shift-II] (x, y) is
⇒ C = ln2 x
(a) (9, 12) (b) (6, 9)
∴ From Eq. (ii), dy xy 2 + y
(c) (0, 3) (d) (3, 6) i.e =
ln(y + 2 sin x − 5) = x 2 + ln 2 dx x
 dy y ⇒ t = 0, x = 0 1 1 7
⇒ = y2 + ⇒ C=− − =−
dx x − 1=C 3 4 12
⇒ xdy = xy 2 dx + ydx −2e − t = x 2 − 2 e − 4y e 3 x 7
∴ = −
⇒ xdy − ydx = xy 2 dx 2 − x2 −4 3 12
⇒ 2e x − y = 2 − x 2 ⇒ e x − y =
xdy − ydx 
x =  − log 2 , y = α log 2
⇒ = xdx 2 2
At
y2  2 − x2   3 
⇒ x − y = log e  
Integrating, both sides, we get  2  e − 4 y e −2 log 2 7
= −
−x x 2  2 − x2  −4 3 12
⇒ = +C …(i) ⇒ y = x − log e  
y 2  2  e − 4 y 2− 2 7
⇒ = −
The curve intersect line at x =` −2 dy  2  −4 3 12
Then, x = −2, is satisfied by x + 2y = 4 = 1+  x
2 −x 
2 e −4 y 1 7 e −4 y − 1
dx ⇒ = − ⇒ =
Hence, (−2) + 2y = 4 −4 12 12 −4 2
− x 2 + 2x + 2
Gives, y = 3 = ⇒ e −4 y = 2
2 − x2
∴Curve passes through (2, − 3). ∴ e −4 α log 2
=2
Use (2, − 3) is Eq. (i), we get − (x 2 − 2x + 1) + 3
= ⇒ −4α log 2 = log 2 ⇒ −4α = 1
−2 (−2) 2 2 − x2 −1
= + `C ∴ α=
−3 2 3 − (x − 1) 2
= 4
−4 2 − x2
⇒ C= π
3 – + 24 If y = y (x), y ∈ 0,  is the solution of
∴The curve is −√2 1−√3 √2  2
− x x 2 −4 Minimum value the differential equation
= =` …(ii) dy
y 2 3 y(1 − 3) sec y − sin(x + y) − sin(x − y) = 0,
It also passes through (3, y).  2 − (1 − 3) 2 
dx
π
y = (1 − 3) − log e 
with y(0) = 0, then 5y′   is equal to
⇒ 
Put (3, 4) in Eq. (ii), we get 
 2   2
−3 (3) 2 4
⇒ = − y = (1 − 3) − log e ( 3 − 1)
y 2 3 ………… . [2021, 27 July Shift-I]
18 Ans. (2)
⇒ y=− 23 Let y = y (x) be solution of the
19 dy
differential equation sec y − sin(x + y) − sin(x − y) = 0
dx
log e   = 3x + 4y, with y(0) = 0.
dy
22 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the dy
sec y = sin(x + y) + sin(x − y)
 dx 
dy dx
differential equation = 1 + xe y − x ,  2 
dx If y  − log e 2 = α log e 2 , then the Using
 3  C + D  C − D 
− 2 < x < 2, sin C + sin D = 2 sin  cos  
 2   2 
y(0) = 0, then the minimum value of value of α is equal to
dy
y (x), x ∈ (− 2, 2) is equal to [2021, 27 July Shift-I] ⇒ sec y = 2 sin x cos y
1 1 dx
[2021, 25 July Shift-I] (a) − (b)
⇒ ∫ sec y dy = ∫ 2 sin x dx
2
(a) (2 − 3) − log e 2 4 4
1 ⇒ tan y = − 2 cos x + c
(b) (2 + 3) − log e 2 (c) 2 (d) −
2 y(0) = 0
(c) (1 + 3) − log e ( 3 − 1) Ans. (a) ⇒ tan0 = − 2 + c
(d) (1 − 3) − log e ( 3 − 1)  dy  ∴ c =2
log e   = 3x + 4y
 dx   π π
Ans. (d) y   ⇒ tan y = − 2 cos + 2
dy 2 2
dy ⇒ = e 3 x + 4y
= 1 + xe y − x , − 2 < x < 2 tan y = 2
dx dx
Let y − x =t ⇒
dy
= e 3 x ⋅ e 4y ⇒ sec2 y = 1 + tan2 y
dy dt dx = 1+ 4= 5
− 1=
dy
∫ e 4y = ∫ e dx
dx dx ⇒ 3x
 π dy
dt y′   ⇒ sec2 y = 2 sin x
⇒ = xe t 2 dx
dx e − 4y e 3 x
⇒ = +C dy π
−4 ⇒ = 2 sin
∫e dt = ∫ x dx 5
−t
⇒ 3
dx 2
x2 Now, y(0) = 0
−e − t = +C  dy 
2 e0 e0 5  =2
So, = +C  dx  x = π
y(0) = 0 −4 3 2
 1 2dx
25 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the −2 = +c
∫
dy
y ∫ x log e x
…(iii) =
α
differential equation Subtracting Eq. (iii) from Eq. (ii), ⇒ log e | y | = 2 log e | log e x | + c ...(i)
(x − x 3 ) dy = (y + yx 2 − 3x 4 ) dx, x > 2. 1 2α − 1 2α − 1 3
If y(3) = 3, then y(4) is equal to − + 2= ⇒ = Put x = 2, y = (log e 2) 2

2 α α 2
[2021, 27 July Shift-II] ⇒ log e | (log e 2) 2 | = 2log e | log e 2 | + c
⇒ α = 2 (as α ∈N)
(a) 4 (b) 12 ⇒ 2log e | log e 2 | = 2log e | log e 2 | + c
(c) 8 (d) 16 27 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the ⇒ c =0
Ans. (b) Substitute in Eq. (i),
differential equation
Given differential equation, log e | y | = 2 log e | log e x |
xdy = (y + x 3 cos x)dx with y(π) = 0,
⇒ y = (log e x) 2
(x − x 3 ) dy = (y + yx 2 − 3x 4 ) dx π
⇒ x dy − x 3 dy = ydx + yx 2 dx − 3x 4 dx
then y   is equal to Now, value of y at x = e
 2
⇒ x dy − y dx = yx 2 dx + x 3dy − 3x 4 dx f (e) = (log e e) 2 = 1
[2021, 25 July Shift-II]
⇒ x dy − y dx = x 2 ( y dx + x dy − 3x 2 dx) π2 π π2 π 29 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
x dy − y dx (a) + (b) +
⇒ = (y dx + x dy) − 3x 2 dx 4 2 2 4 differential equation
x2   y + 1 
π2 π π2 π  
⇒ d   = d (xy) − d (x 3 )
y (c) − (d) −  (x + 2) e  x + 2  + (y + 1) dx
 x 2 4 4 2  
Ans. (a)
 
Integrating both sides,
y Given, differential equation = (x + 2)dy, y(1) = 1 . If the domain of
= xy − x 3 + c …(i)
x xdy = (y + x 3 cos x) dx y = y (x) is an open interval α, β,
Given, f(3) = 3 ⇒ xdy = ydx + x 3 cos x dx then | α + β| is equal to ……… .
3 [2021, 22 July Shift-II]
= 3 × 3 − 33 + c ⇒ xdy − ydx = x 3 cos x dx
3 xdy − ydx Ans. (4)
⇒ = x cos x dx
⇒ 1 = − 18 + c x2   y +1
  
⇒ c = 19 d  y  (x + 2) e  x + 2  + (y + 1)  dx = (x + 2)dy
dx  x  ∫
⇒   = x cos x dx  
From Eq. (i),  
y y(1) = 1
y
= xy − x 3 + 19 ⇒ = x sin x − ∫ 1 ⋅ sin x dx
x y +1
x dy  y + 1
At x =4 ⇒
y
= x sin x + cos x + c ...(i) ∴ = ex + 2 +  
x dx  x + 2
y
= 4y − 64 + 19 At x = π and y =0 Let y + 1 = Y ⇒ x + 2= X
4
0= − 1+ c ⇒ c = 1
Y Y
⇒ y = 16y − 180 dY Y dY Y
⇒ = eX + ⇒ −eX =
⇒ 15y = 180 Substitute the value of c in Eq. (i), dX X dX X
y Y = VX
⇒ y = 12 = x sin x + cos x + 1 Let
x dY dV
Hence, y(4) = 12. ⇒ =V + X
⇒ y = x 2 sin x + x cos x + x dX dX
π
26 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the At x= dV
2 ⇒ V+X − eV = V
dX
differential equation  π π π π2 π
2
y  = (1) + 0 + = + dV dX e−V
dy = e αx + y dx; α ∈N. If 2 4 2 4 2 ⇒ ∫ e V = ∫ X ⇒ −1 = log e X + c
y (log e 2) = log e 2 and y (0) = log e   ,
1 −Y
 2 28 Let a curve y = f (x) pass through ⇒ −e X
= log e | X | + c
then the value of α is equal to the point [2, (log e 2) 2 ] and have ⇒ X + 2 = X ⇒1 + 2 = 3
………… . 2y
[2021, 27 July Shift-II] slope for all positive real ⇒ Y + 1 = Y ⇒1 + 1 = 2
Ans. (2) x log e x −2

⇒ −e 3
= log e 3 + c
Given, differential equation value of x. Then the value of f (e) is −2

dy = e αx + y dx equal to …… . [2021, 25 July Shift-II] ⇒ c = −e 3

− log e 3
−y
e dy = e αx dx Ans. (1) −Y 2

Integrating both sides, ∫ e − ydy = ∫ e αx dx ⇒ e X

= e 3 + log e 3 − log e | X | > 0
We have, 2
e αx 2y
⇒ –e − y = +c …(i) Slope = log e | X | < e 3 + log e 3
α x log e x ( e 2 / 3 + log
| x + 2|< e e 3)
Put (x, y) = (log e 2,log e 2) dy 2y dy 2dx
⇒ = ⇒ =
1 2α dx x log e x y x log e x ⇒ | x + 2|< k
⇒ − = +c …(ii) ⇒ − k < x + 2< k
2 α
⇒ −k − 2 < x < k − 2
Put (x, y) = (0, − log e 2) in Eq. (i), Integrating both sides,
 ∴ α + β = − 4 ⇒ |α + β | = 4
1
θ e− x + 1
π 1
2
x2 − 1 + 1 ⇒ cos = ...(ii)
30 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
= +
16 2 ∫ 1 − x2
dx 2 2
0
From Eq. (i),
differential equation π 1  1  1 
cos ⋅ θ  dx = e 2 x − 1 dy
= + ∫ − 1 − x 2  dx
  2 
x tan  dy =  y tan  − x dx,
y y 16 2  1 − x 2 

 x   x   π 1 From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
= +
 1 π e− x + 1
⋅ dx = e 2 x − 1 dy
−1 ≤ x ≤ 1, y   = . Then, the area 16 2
 2 6 1
2
 −1 x 1 − 1  2
 sin x −  2 1 − x + 2 sin x  
2
of the region bounded by the e− x + 1 1
 0 ⋅ dx = dy
1 2 e −1
2x
curves x = 0, x = and y = y (x) in π 1  π 1 π
= +  − − 
2 16 2  4 4 8  e− x + 1
or dx = 2 dy
the upper half plane is π π 1 π 1 e2x − 1
= + − = −
[2021, 20 July Shift-I] 16 16 8 8 8
1+ ex
1 1 or dx = 2 dy
(a) (π − 1) (b) (π − 3)
8 12 31 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the ex ⋅ e2x − 1
1 1 differential equation dt
(c) (π − 2) (d) (π − 1) Put e x = t, then e xdx = dt or dx = ,
e x 1 − y 2 dx +   dy = 0, y(1) = − 1.
4 6 y t
 x 1+ t dt
Ans. (a) = 2 dy
y = y (x) Then, the value of [y (3)] 2 is equal to t t −1 t
2

  1+ t
x tan   dy = y tan   − x dx
y y [2021, 20 July Shift-I] dt
  ⇒ = 2 dy
 x  x (a) 1 − 4 e 3 (b) 1 − 4 e 6 t t + 1⋅ t − 1 t
y
y tan − x
(c) 1 + 4 e 3 (d) 1 + 4 e 6 dt
dy ⇒ = dy ⋅ 2
= x Ans. (b) t t t−1
dx y y
x tan e x (1 − y 2 )dx + dy = 0 1 1
x Put t = , then dt = − 2 dz
x z z
Put y = vx
dy − e 1 − y
x 2
dz
dy dv = − 2
⇒ =v + x  y z
dx dx
dx
  = 2 dy
 x 1 1
−
1
dv vx tan v − x
∴ v+ x = ydy z z2 z
dx x tan v ⇒ ∫ 1 − y2
= − ∫ xe xdx
−
dz
= 2dy
dv v tan v − 1 1− z
⇒ v+ x =
dx tan v ⇒ 1 − y 2 = e x (x − 1) + c
Integrating both sides,
dv
⇒ v + x = v − cot v x = 1, y = 1 dz
dx 0 =0 + c −∫ = 2 ∫ dy
1− z
dv dx ∴ 1 − y 2 = e 2 x (x − 1) 2
⇒ ∫
− cot v ∫ x
= 1
At x = 3, 1 − y 2 = e 6 ⋅ 4 ( 1 − z) 2
y 2 = 1 − 4e 6 ⇒ −2 = 2y + c
⇒ log e cos v = log e x + c −1
⇒ cos  = cx
y 1

 x 32 Let a curve y = y (x) be given by the ⇒ 2 1 −  = 2y + c

1 2
 t
1 π solution of the differential equation
When x = ,y =
cos cos −1 (e − x ) dx = e2 x − 1 dy
1
2 6 1
⇒ 2(1 − e − x ) 2 = 2y + c ...(iii)
π 2 
cos  =
e
∴ Given condition y(0) = − 1
3 2 If it intersects Y-axis at y = − 1and From Eq. (iii),
⇒ c=1 the intersection point of the curve 1
 y
cos  = x ⇒y = x cos− 1 x with X-axis is (α, 0), then e α is 2(1 − 1) 2 = 2 (− 1) + c
 x
1 1
equal to [2021, 20 July Shift-II] ⇒ c= 2
2 2 Ans. (2) From Eq. (iii),
∫ y dx = ∫ x cos
−1
∴ Area = x dx
Given equation,
0 0
1  2 1 − e − x = 2 (y + 1) ...(iv)
1
1
cos cos− 1 (e − x )  dx = e 2 x − 1 dy ...(i)
 2
x  2
2
−1 2
x 2  It passes through (α, 0), putting in Eq. (iv),
=  cos− 1 x ⋅  −
 2 0 ∫ 1− x 2
⋅
2
dx
Let cos− 1 (e − x ) = θ, then e − x = cosθ 2 1 − e − α = 2 (0 + 1)
0
θ 1 1
⇒ 2 cos2 − 1 = e − x ⇒ 1 − e− α = ⇒ 1 − e−α =
2 2 2
 1 dy 1
⇒ e− α = ⇒ e α =2 = xy − 1 + x − y ⇒ (β − α) (α 2 + β 2 + αβ)
2 dx 3
4 8
dy
= x (y + 1) − 1 (y + 1) + (β − α) (β + α) + c (β − α) =
33 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the dx 3
1
differential equation dy
= (x − 1) (y + 1) ⇒ (2 1 − c ) (4 − c) + (2 1 − c )
dx 3
xdy − ydx = (x 2 − y 2 ) dx, x ≥ 1, with dy (− 2 + c) =
4 8
y(1) = 0. If the area bounded by the ∫ y + 1 = ∫ (x − 1) dx 3
line x = 1, x = e π , y = 0and y = y (x) is ⇒ (2 1 − c ) [4 − c + (− 6 + 3c)] = 4 8
x2
log e (y + 1) = −x+ c
αe2 π + β, then the value of 10(α + β) 2 ⇒ (2 1 − c ) [2(c − 1)] = 4 8
is equal to ………… . y(0) = 0 ⇒ (1 − c) 3 / 2 = − 8
[2021, 18 Mar. Shift-II]
log e 1 = 0 + c ⇒c = 0 ⇒ (1 − c) 3 = 8
Ans. (4) 1
y(1) ⇒log e (y + 1) = − 1 ⇒ 1− c =2
xdy − ydx = x 2 − y 2 dx 2 ∴ c=−1
xdy − ydx 1 y2 y + 1 = e − 1/2 Now, y = x 2 + 2x − 1
⇒ = 1 − 2 dx y (1) = − 1 + e −1 / 2
x 2
x x ∴ y(1) = 12 + 2⋅ 1 − 1 = 2
 y
d 
 x 1
35 Let the curve y = y (x) be the 36 Let C 1 be the curve obtained by the
⇒ = dx
2 x solution of the differential equation solution of differential equation
1 −  
y dy
 x = 2(x + 1). dy
dx 2xy = y 2 − x 2 , x > 0. Let the curve
On integrating, dx
If the numerical value of area
1 1 C2 be the solution of 2xy = dy . If
∫ 2
. d (y / x) = ∫ dx
x
bounded by the curve y = y (x) and x 2 − y 2 dx
1 −  
y 4 8
 x X-axis is , then the value of y(1) both the curves pass through (1, 1),
3 then the area enclosed by the
⇒ sin−1 (y / x) = l og | x | + C is equal to……… .
Now, at x = 1, y = 0 curves C 1 and C2 is equal to
[2021, 16 March Shift-I]
[2021, 16 March Shift-II]
∴ C =0 Ans. (2) π
Hence, y = x sin(l og x) dy (a) π − 1 (b) −1
eπ We have, = 2(x + 1) 2
dx π
∴ A= ∫ x sin(log x) dx  x2 
(c) π + 1 (d) + 1
4
1
y = ∫ 2(x + 1) dx = 2 + x + c
Put x = e t ⇒dx = e t dt  2  Ans. (b)
π
∴ A =∫ e 2t
sin(t) dt y = x + 2x + c
2
Given, 2xy
dy
= y2 − x2 , x > 0
0 dx
 e ax  dy  y 2 − x 2 
 using ∫ e ⋅ sinbx = 2
ax
(a sinbx − b cosbx)  = , x > 0
 a + b2  dx  2xy 
π
 e2t  Let y = vx
α e 2 π + β =  (2 sint − cost) 
α β dy
 5 0 =v + x
dv
1 + e2π dx dx
=
5 β
4 8 dv v 2 x 2 − x 2 v 2 − 1
v+ x = =
∴
1
α = ,β =
1 Now, ∫ y dx = 3 dx 2x ⋅vx 2v
5 5 α
dv v 2 − 1
∴ 10 (α + β) = 4 β
4 8 ⇒ x = −v
∫ (x + 2x + c) dx =
2
dx 2v
3
34 Which of the following is true for
α
dv v 2 − 1 − 2v 2
β ⇒ x =
y (x), that satisfies the differential  x3  4 8 dx 2v
⇒  + x + cx  =
2

dy  3 α 3 dv − (v 2 + 1)
equation = xy − 1 + x − y; y (0) = 0 ⇒ x =
dx β −α 
3 3 dx 2v
4 8
[2021, 17 March Shift-I] ⇒   + (β 2 − α 2 ) + c (β − α) =  2v  dx
1 1 1  3  3 ⇒∫ −  2  dv = ∫
(a) y (1) = e
−
2
−1 (b) y (1) = e − e
2
−
2 α + β = −2  v + 1 x
αβ = c
1
⇒ − log n | v 2 + 1 | = log n x + c
(c) y(1) = 1 (d) y (1) = e 2 − 1 ∴ β − α = (α + β) 2 − 4αβ
⇒log n | x | + log n | v 2 + 1 | = c
Ans. (a) = 4 − 4c = 2 1 − c ⇒ log n |v 2 + 1) x | = c
  y2  Now, x
t
log    6
⇒  2 + 1 x = c x or = e2 5 … (iii)
x  f (x) = ∫ e t f (t)dt + e x 1000
0
(y + x ) 2 2
Given, x = 2000 at t = k /log e (6 / 5), put in
⇒ =c ⇒ f (0) = e 0 = 1
x (iii),
Put x = 0, in Eq. (i), we get k  6  6
log   / log  
⇒ y 2 + x 2 = cx log(2) = e 0 + C
2000
= e2 5 5
Similarly, for second curve, x 2 + y 2 = cy ⇒ C = log(2) − 1
1000
Both passes through (1, 1), 2 = e k / 2 or log 2 = k /2
From Eq. (i), we get
C1 ⇒ 1 + 1 = c1 or k /log2 = 2
log(f (x) + 1) = e x + log 2 − 1
⇒ C1 = 2 ⇒ (k /log e 2) = (2) 2 = 4
f (x) + 1 =` e e + log 2 − 1
x

C 1 ⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 2x = e e . e log 2 . e −1
x
39 The population P = P (t) at time t of a
C 2 ⇒ x + y = 2y 2 2
f (x) + 1 = 2e e . e −1 = 2e e −1
x x

certain species follows the

1 + 1 = 2C 2 −1
∴ f (x) = 2e e −1
x
differential equation
C2 = 1 dP
= 0.5P − 450. If P (0) = 850, then
C 2 ⇒ x + y 2 = 2y 2
38 The rate of growth of bacteria in a dt
culture is proportional to the the time at which population
A
number of bacteria present and the becomes zero is
bacteria count is 1000 at initial time [2021, 24 Feb. Shift-I]
t = 0. The number of bacteria is 1
x2+y2+2y=0 (a) log e 9 (b) log e 18
increased by 20% in 2 h. If the 2
O B (c) log e 18 (d) 2 log e 18
population of bacteria is 2000 after
2
 k  Ans. (d)
k
h, then   is equal dP
x2+y2+2x=0 log e (6 / 5)  log e 2 Given, = 0.5P − 450
dt
to and P(0) = 850
 π ⋅ 12 1  [2021, 26 Feb. Shift-I] dP 1 P − 900
∴Required area = 2 − ⋅ 1⋅ 1 Q = P − 450 =
 4 2  (a) 4 (b) 8 dt 2 2
  π –2   π (c) 2 (d) 16 1 dP 1 dt
=2  = −1
  4   2 Ans. (a)
⇒ ∫0 P − 900 = ∫0 2
t
Let x be the number of bacteria at any
[log e | P − 900 |] 0t =  
t
x ⇒
37 Let f (x) = ∫ e f (t) dt + e be a
t x
time t.
 0
2
0
dx
differentiable function for all x ∈R. Given that, ∝ x t
dt ⇒log e | P (t) − 900 | − log e | P (0) − 900 | =
Then, f (x) equals 2
 dx 
QRate of growth =  ⇒ log e | P (t) − 900 | − log e 50 =
t
[2021, 26 Feb. Shift-II]  dt 
(a) 2e (e x − 1 )
−1 (b) e ex
−1 2
dx dx
− 1) ⇒ = λx ⇒ = λdt Let, at t = t 1 , P (t) = 0
(c) 2e e − 1
x x
(d) e (e dt x
Hence,log e | P (t) − 900 | − log e 50 = t 1 /2
Ans. (a) After integrating it, we get
∴ t 1 = 2log e 18
x log x = λt + c … (i)
Given, f (x) = ∫ e f (t)dt + e t x
…(i)
0 Given, whent = 0, x = 1000 which gives 40 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
Since,f (x) is differentiable function, log 1000 = 0 + c differential equation,
Differentiate Eq. (i) 2 + sin x dy
⇒ c = log 1000
f ′ (x) = e xf (x) + e x [Using ⋅ = − cos x, y > 0, y (0) = 1.
Newton Leibnitz theorem]
From Eq. (i), we have y + 1 dx
log x − log 1000 = λt or log 
x  dy
f ′ (x) = e x (f (x) + 1)  = λt If y (π) = a and at x = π is b, then
 1000 
f ′ (x) dx
= ex … (ii)
f (x) + 1 the ordered pair (a,b) is equal to
Given that in2h, number of bacteria
[2020, 2 Sep. Shift-I]
Integrating it, increased by 20% i.e. whent = 2h,
f ′ (x) x = 1200  3
(a) (1, 1) (b) 2, 
∫ f (x) + 1 dx = ∫ e dxt + C
x
 2
Put, t = 2 and x = 1200 in Eq. (ii),
(c) (1, − 1)
log 
Let f (x) + 1 = u, thenf ′ (x)dx = du 1200  1 6 (d) (2, 1)
 = 2λ gives, λ = log  
du  1000  2  5 Ans. (a)
∫ u =e +C
x

Again, from Eq. (ii), Given differential equation is

log u = e x + C log 
x  1 6 2 + sin x dy
 = log   ⋅t = − cos x
log(f (x) + 1) = e x + C [Qu = f (x) + 1]  1000  2  5 y + 1 dx
 dy cos x  1 1 1 ⇒ 2 − x = Ax (x − 1) + B (x − 1) + Cx 2
⇒ ∫ y + 1 = − ∫ 2 + sin x dx log e   + = 1 ⇒ = 1 + log e 2
 2 y y On comparing A + C = 0, B − A = − 1 and
⇒ log e | y + 1 | = − log e |2 + sin x | + log e C  1 1 B = −2
⇒ y =f  =
Q y(0) = 1 ⇒ log e C = log e4  2  1 + log e 2 ∴ A = − 1 and C = 1
(y + 1)(2 + sin x) = 4 dy dx dx dx
So,
4
Hence, option (a) is correct. ∴ ∫ y = − ∫ x − 2∫ x 2 + ∫ x − 1
⇒ y= −1
2 + sin x 42 The solution curve of the 2
⇒ log e y = − log e x + + log e (x − 1) + C
4
Q y ( π) = a ⇒a = − 1 = 2 − 1 = 1 differential equation, x
2 dy Q y (2) = e ⇒1 = − log e 2 + 1 + 0 + C
dy 4 cos x (1 + e − x ) (1 + y 2 ) = y 2 , which ⇒ C = log e 2
and =− dx
dx (2 + sin x) 2 ∴ At x = 4,
passes through the point (0, 1) is 1
Since,
dy 4
=b ⇒ =b ⇒b = 1 log e y = − log e (4) + + log e (3) + log e 2
[2020, 3 Sep. Shift-I] 2
dx x = π 4
  1 + e− x  
⇒ log e   = ⇒ y =
2y 1 3
∴Ordered pair (a, b) = (1, 1) (a) y 2 + 1 = y log e   + 2 e
  2   3 2 2
41 If a curve y = f (x), passing through   1 + ex   ⇒ y (4) =
3
e
(b) y 2 + 1 = y log e   + 2 2
the point (1, 2), is the solution of the   2  
Hence, option (c) is correct.
differential equation,  1 + ex 
2x 2 dy = (2xy + y 2 )dx, then f   is
1 (c) y 2 = 1 + y log e  
 2  44 The solution of the differential
 2 y + 3x
 1 + e− x  dy
equal to (d) y 2 = 1 + y log e  equation − + 3 = 0 is
 dx log e (y + 3x)
[2020, 2 Sep. Shift-II]  2 
1 1 Ans. (c) (where C is a constant of integration)
(a) (b)
1 + log e 2 1 − log e 2 Given differential equation
[2020, 4 Sep. Shift-II]
−1 (a) x − log e (y + 3x) = C
(c) 1 + log e 2 (d) (1 + e − x ) (1 + y 2 )
dy
= y2 1
1 + log e 2 dx (b) y + 3x − (log e x) 2 = C
2
Ans. (a) 1 + y2 ex (c) x − 2 log e (y + 3x) = C
Given differential equation is
⇒ ∫ y 2 dy = ∫ 1 + e x dx 1
(d) x − (log e (y + 3x)) 2 = C
2x 2 dy = (2xy + y 2 ) dx  1  2
⇒  − + y  = log e (1 + e ) + C,
x
dy 2xy + y 2  y  Ans. (d)
⇒ =
dx 2x 2 which passes through (0, 1), Given differential equation is
[Homogeneous differential equation] So − 1 + 1 = log e 2 + C ⇒C = − log e 2 dy y + 3x
dy dv – +3=0
Let y = vx = =v + x So, equation of required curve is dx log e (y + 3x)
dx dx  1 + ex  dy dt
y 2 = 1 + y log e   Put, y + 3x = t ⇒ + 3 =
∴ The differential equation becomes  2  dx dx
dv 2vx 2 + v 2 x 2
v+ x = Hence, option (c) is correct.
∴
dt
–
t
=0 ⇒ ∫
log(t)
dt = ∫ dx
dx 2x 2 dx log e (t) t
⇒ x
dv
=
2v + v 2 − 2v 43 If x 3 dy + xydx = x 2 dy + 2ydx; y (2) = e 1
2 ⇒ (log e t) 2 = x + c ′
dx and x > 1, then y(4) is equal to 2
dv v 2 dv dx 1
⇒ x = ⇒2 2 = [2020, 3 Sep. Shift-II]
⇒ x – (log e (y + 3x)) 2 = C, where c ′ = –C.
dx 2 v x e 3 2
 −1  (a) (b) + e
⇒ 2   = log e x + C 2 2
v 3 1 45 If y = y (x) is the solution of the
2x (c) e (d) + e
⇒ log e x + + C =0 …(i) 2 2 differential equation
y
Ans. (c) 5 + e x dy
as v=
y ⋅ + e x = 0 satisfying y(0) = 1,
x Given differential equation 2 + y dx
QThe curve (i) passes through the point x 3dy + xydx = x 2 dy + 2ydx then a value of y (log e 13) is
(1, 2). ⇒ (x 3 − x 2 )dy = y (2 − x)dx [2020, 5 Sep. Shift-I]
So, c = −1 dy 2− x (a) 0 (b) −1 (c) 1 (d) 2
∴ log e x +
2x
=1
⇒ ∫ y = ∫ x 2 (x − 1) dx Ans. (b)
y
Making partial fractions for RHS, we get Given differential equation
1 2− x
Now, at x= A B
= + 2 +
C 5 + e x dy
2 + ex = 0
x (x − 1) x x
2
x−1 2 + y dx
 dy ex  1+ 1 
⇒ ∫2+ y + ∫ 5 + e x dx = 0  1 + x2 
(a)
3
(b) −
3
−1 2 2
= log e + 1 + x 2 + C 1
⇒ log e |2 + y | + log e |5 + e x | = log e C 2  1  1 1
 1 −  (c) − (d)
⇒ |2 + y | ⋅ |5 + e | = C
x
 1 + x2  2 2
Q y(0) = 1 ⇒ C = 18 −1  1 + x 2 + 1 Ans. (d)
∴ At x = log e 13 ⇒ I 2 = log e + 1 + x + C 1
2
Given differential equation
2
 1 + x 2
− 1
|2 + y | |5 + 13 | = 18 dy
1 − x2 + 1 − y 2 = 0, | x | < 1
…(ii) dx
⇒ |2 + y | = 1 ⇒ y + 2 = ± 1
1 1+ y dy dx
2
1 2y ⇒ ∫ 1 − y2 = − ∫ 1 − x2
2 ∫ 1 + y2
⇒ y = − 1 or −3 And I 2 = dy = + C2
2 1 /2
46 The general solution of the ⇒ sin−1 y = − sin−1 x + C
= 1 + y2 + C2 …(iii)
 1 3
differential equation Q y  = (given)
dy From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get  2 2
1 + x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y 2 + xy = 0 is  1 + x2 + 1 3 1
dx 1 ∴ sin−1 = − sin−1 + C
− log e  + 1 + x2 2 2
(where C is a constant of integration) 2  1 + x2 − 1 
  π π π
[2020, 6 Sep. Shift-I] ⇒ =− +C ⇒C=
+ 1 + y2 − C = 0 3 6 2
(a) 1
 1 + x2 + 1 ⇒ 1 + x2 + 1 + y2 ∴at x=−
1 2
1 + y 2 + 1 + x 2 = log e   +C
2  1+ x2 − 1   1 + x2 + 1  1  π
  1 sin y = − sin−1  −  +
−1
= log e   +C

2  1 + x2 − 1  2 2
(b)  
 1 + x2 + 1 −1 −1  1  π
1 sin y = sin   +
1 + y 2 − 1 + x 2 = log e   +C [where, −C = C 1 + C 2 ]  2 2
2  1+ x2 − 1 
  π π 3π
47 If y = y (x) is the solution of the = + =
(c) 4 2 4
 1+ x2 − 1  π
differential eq., e y  − 1 = e x
1
1 + y 2 + 1 + x 2 = log e   +C dy ⇒ sin−1 y = π −
2  1 + x2 + 1  dx  4
 
π π
(d) such that y(0) = 0, then y(1) is equal ⇒ y = sin π −  = sin
 4 4
1  1+ x2 − 1  to [2020, 7 Jan. Shift-I] 1
1 + y 2 − 1 + x 2 = log e   +C ⇒ y=
 1 + x2 + 1
2   (a) 2 + log e 2 (b) 2e 2
Ans. (a) (c) 1 + log e 2 (d) log e 2 Hence, option (d) is correct.
The given differential equation Ans. (c) dy xy
49 If = 2 ; y (1) = 1; then a value
dy
1 + x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y 2 + xy = 0 The given differential equation dx x + `y 2
dx  dy  dy of x satisfying y (x) = e is
dy e y  − 1 = e x ⇒ − 1 = ex − y
⇒ (1 + x )(1 + y ) + xy = 0
2 2  dx  dx 1
dx dy dt
(a) 3e (b) 3e
Let x − y =t ⇒ 1− = 2
1 + x2 y dx dx e
⇒ ∫ x
dx + ∫ 1 + y2
dy = 0 …(i)
dt dt
(c) 2e (d)
2
∴ − = e t ⇒ − ∫ t = dx
1 + x2 dx e [2020, 9 Jan. Shift-II]
Now, let I 1 = ∫ dx ⇒ e−t = x + c Ans. (b)
x
− (x − y )
Put x = tanθ ⇒ e =x+ c Given differential equation,
⇒ dx = sec2 θdθ ⇒ ey − x = x + c dy xy
=
secθ dθ Q y(0) = 0, so e 0 − 0 = 0 + c ⇒ c = 1 dx x 2 + y 2
∴ I1 = ∫ sec2 θdθ = ∫
tanθ sinθ cos2 θ Q e y − x = x + 1 ⇒ y = x + log e (x + 1) Put y = vx ⇒
dy
=v + x
dv
sinθ So, y (1) = 1 + log e 2 dx dx
=∫ dθ
cos2 θ(1 − cos2 θ) dv
then, v + x =
v
Put cosθ = t ⇒− sinθdθ = dt 48. Let y = y (x) be a solution of the dx 1 + v 2
−dt  −1 1 differential equation, dv v − v − v 3
∴ I1 = ∫ 2
t (1 − t 2 ) ∫  1 − t 2 t 2 
=  −  dt ⇒ x =
dy dx 1 + v2
1 − x2 + 1 − y 2 = 0,| x | < 1.
dx ⇒  3 +  dv = −
1  1 + t  1 1 1 dx
= − log e + + C 1  −1  v v
If y   = , then y   is equal
1 3 x
2  1 − t  t
 2 2  2 1
⇒ − 2 + log e |v | = − log e | x | + C
−1 1 + cosθ 1 2v
= log e + + C1 to [2020, 8 Jan. Shift-I] (on integration both sides)
2 1 − cosθ cos θ
 x2 Qv = y   dx  Now, y   = + 1 =
1 1 5
⇒− + log e | y | = C 
 x
 ⇒ ln|t | = x + C Q∫ x = ln| x | + C   4 4
2y 2   4
y(1) = 1 ⇒ ln |f (x)| = x + C …(i)  3 3 7
Q and y   = + 1 =
∴ C =−
1 [Qt = f (x)]  4 4 4
Q f(1) = 2  3 5 7
y   + y   = + = 3
2 1
⇒
Now, as y = e, then So, ln (2) = 1 + C [using Eq. (i)]  4  4 4 4
x2 1 3 x2 ⇒ C = ln2 − ln e [Qln e = 1]
− 2 + 1=− ⇒ = 2
C = ln  
2 53 The curve amongst the family of
2e 2 2 2e ⇒
e
⇒ x 2 = 3e 2 ⇒ x = 3e curves represented by the
[Q ln A − ln B = ln  ]
A differential equation,
Hence, option (b) is correct.
 B
(x 2 − y 2 )dx + 2xydy = 0, which
50 Given that the slope of the tangent From Eq. (i), we get passes through (1, 1), is
ln |f (x)| = x + ln  
2
to a curve y = y (x) at any point (x, y) [2019, 10 Jan. Shift-II]
2y e (a) a circle with centre on the Y-axis
is 2 . If the curve passes through
ln|f (x)|− ln  = x
2 (b) a circle with centre on the X-axis
x ⇒
e (c) an ellipse with major axis along the
the centre of the circle
ef (x) A Y-axis
x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y = 0, then its ⇒ ln = x [Qln A − ln B = ln ]
(d) a hyperbola with transverse axis
2 B
equation is [2019, 8 April Shift-II] along the X-axis.
e
(a) x 2 log e | y | = − 2 (x − 1) ⇒ f (x) = e x Ans. (b)
2
(b) x log e | y | = x − 1
[Qlna = b ⇒ a = e b , a > 0] Given differential equation is
(c) x log e | y | = 2 (x − 1)
 e e  (x 2 − y 2 ) dx + 2xy dy = 0, which can be
(d) x log e | y | = − 2 (x − 1) ⇒ |f (x)| = 2e x − 1 Q f (x) = | f (x)|  written as
Ans. (c)  2 2 
dy y 2 − x 2
f (x) = 2e x − 1 or −2e x − 1 =
dy 2y 2xy
Given, = dx
dx x 2 Now, h(x) = f (f (x))
Put y = vx [Qit is in homogeneous form]
dy 2 ⇒ h′ (x) = f ′ (f (x)) ⋅f ′ (x)
⇒ ∫ y = ∫ x 2 dx [on differentiating both sides w.r.t. ‘x’] ⇒
dy
=v+ x
dv
dx dx
[integrating both sides] ⇒ h′ (1) = f ′ (f (1)) ⋅f ′ (1)
Now, differential equation becomes
2 = f ′ (2) ⋅f ′ (1) [Qf(1) = 2 (given)]
⇒ log e | y | = − +C …(i) dv v 2 x 2 − x 2
x = 2e 2 − 1 ⋅2e 1 − 1 v+ x =
dx 2x (vx)
Since, curve (i) passes through centre (1, 1) [Qf ′ (x) = 2e x − 1 or −2e x − 1 ]
dv (v 2 − 1) x 2
of the circle = 4e ⇒ v+ x =
dx 2vx 2
x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2y = 0
2 52 Let f : [0, 1] → R be such that dv v − 1
2
v 2 − 1 − 2v 2
∴ log e (1) = − + C ⇒C = 2 ⇒ x = −v =
1 f (xy) = f (x). f (y), for all x, y ∈ [0, 1] and dx 2v 2v
∴ Equation required curve is f (0) ≠ 0. If y = y (x) satisfies the dv 1+ v2 2v dv dx
⇒ x =− ⇒∫ = −∫
2
log e | y | = − + 2 [put C = 2 in Eq. (i)] dy dx 2v 1+ v2 x
x
differential equation, = f (x) with
dx ⇒ ln (1 + v 2 ) = − ln x − lnC
⇒ x log e | y | = 2(x − 1)  1  3  f ′ (x) 
y(0) = 1, then y   + y   is equal to Q∫ f (x) dx ⇒ ln |f (x)| + C 
 4  4  
51 Let f be a differentiable function [2019, 9 Jan. Shift-II] ⇒ ln| (1 + v 2 )Cx | = 0 [Qln A + ln B = ln AB]
such that f (1) = 2 and f ′ (x) = f (x) for (a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 4 ⇒ (1 + v 2 )Cx = 1
all x ∈R. If h(x) = f (f (x)), then h′ (1) is Ans. (b) [log e x = 0 ⇒ x = e 0 = 1]
equal to [2019, 12 Jan. Shift-II] y
Given, f (xy) = f (x) ⋅ f (y), ∀ x, y ∈ [0, 1] ...(i) Now, putting v = , we get
(a) 4e 2 (b) 4e (c) 2e (d) 2e 2 x
Putting x = y = 0 in Eq. (i), we get
Ans. (b)  y2 
 1 + 2  Cx = 1 ⇒ C (x + y ) = x
2 2
f (0) = f (0) ⋅f (0)
f ′ (x)  x 
Given that, f ′ (x) = f (x) ⇒ =1 ⇒ f (0) [f (0) − 1] = 0
f (x) Q The curve passes through (1, 1), so
⇒ f(0) = 1 as f(0) ≠ 0 1
f ′ (x) C (1 + 1) = 1 ⇒ C =
⇒ ∫ f (x) dx = ∫ 1⋅dx Now, put y = 0 in Eq. (i), we get 2
f (0) = f (x) ⋅f (0) ⇒ f (x) = 1
[by integrating both sides w.r.t. x] Thus, required curve is x 2 + y 2 − 2x = 0,
dy dy
So, = f (x) ⇒ =1 which represent a circle having centre (1, 0)
⇒Put f (x) = t ⇒ f ′ (x)dx = dt dx dx
∴ The solution of given differential
∴
dt
∫ t = ∫ 1 dx
⇒ ∫ dy = ∫ dx ⇒y = x + C
(Q y(0) = 1 ) equation represents a circle with centre
∴ 1=0 + C ⇒ C = 1∴y = x + 1 on the X-axis.
54 The solution of the differential Ans. (d) Ans. (a)
dy Given differential equation is Given
equation, = (x − y) 2 , when y (1) = 1,
dx y (1 + xy) dx = x dy (i) The population of mouse at time ‘ t ’
is [2019, 11 Jan. Shift-II] ⇒ y dx + xy 2 dx = x dy satisfies the differential equation
2−y x dy − y dx dp(t)
(a) log e = 2 (y − 1) ⇒ = x dx p′ (t) = = 0.5p (t) − 450
2−x y2 dt
(y dx − x dy) (ii) Population of mouse at time
1+ x − y ⇒ − = x dx
(b) − log e = x + y −2 y2 t = 0 is p(0) = 850
1− x + y  x
⇒ − d   = x dx To find The time at which the
2−x  y population of the mouse will
(c) log e =x−y
2−y On integrating both sides, we get
become zero, i.e., to find the value
of ‘ t ’ at which p (t) = 0.
1− x + y x x2
− = +C
(d) − log e = 2 (x − 1) ...(i) Let’s solve the differential equation
1+ x − y y 2
dp (t)
Q It passes through (1, − 1). first, p′ (t) = = 0.5p (t) − 450
Ans. (d) dt
1 1
dy ∴ 1= + C ⇒C = 2dp (t)
We have, = (x − y) 2 which is a 2 2 ⇒ = dt
dx
x x2 1 p (t) − 900
differential equation of the form Now, from Eq. (i) − = +
2dp (t)
dy
= f (ax + by + c) 2x
y 2 2
2x
⇒ ∫ p (t) − 900 = ∫ dt
dx ⇒ x2 + 1 = − ⇒y=− 2
y x +1 ⇒ 2log | p (t) − 900 | = t + C
Put x − y =t  1 4
∴ f −  = where, C is the constant of
⇒ 1−
dy dt dy
= ⇒ = 1−
dt  2 5
dx dx dx dx integration.
dt dy 56 At present, a firm is manufacturing To find the value of ‘ C ’, let’s
⇒ 1− = t2 [Q = (x − y) 2 ]
dx dx 2000 items. It is estimated that the substitute t = 0.
dt dt rate of change of production P ⇒ 2 log | p (0) − 900 | = 0 + C
= 1 −t ⇒ ∫
1 − t2 ∫
⇒ 2
= dx
dx w.r.t. additional number of workers ⇒ C = 2 log | 850 − 900 |
[separating the variables] dP
x is given by = 100 − 12 x . If the [QP (θ) = 850]
1  1+ t dx
⇒ log e   =x+C ∴ C = 2 log 50
2  1−t firm employees 25 more workers, Now, substituting the value of C
 dx 1 a+x  then the new level of production of back in the solution, we get
∫ 2 = log e + C items is
 a − x 2
2a a − x 
[JEE Main 2013] 2 log | p (t) − 900 | = t + 2 log 50
(a) 2500 (b) 3000 (c) 3500 (d) 4500
1  1+ x − y Here, since we want to find the value
⇒ log e   = x + C [Qt = x − y] Ans. (c) of t at which p (t) = 0, hence
2  1− x + y
dP substituting p (t) = 0, we get
Since, y = 1 when x = 1, therefore Given, = (100 − 12 x )
dx 2 log | 0 − 900 | = t + 2 log 50
1  1 + 0
log e   = 1+ C ⇒ dP = (100 − 12 x ) dx 900
2  1 + 0 ⇒ t = 2 log ∴ t = 2 log 18
On integrating both sides, we get 50
⇒ C = −1 [Qlog 1 = 0]
1  1+ x − y  ∫ dP = ∫ (100 − 123 / 2 x ) dx 58 If
dy
= y + 3 > 0 and y (0) = 2 , then
∴ log e   = x−1 ⇒ P = 100 x − 8x + C dx
2  1− x + y  When x = 0, then P = 2000 ⇒ C = 2000 y (log 2) is equal to [AIEEE 2011]
1− x + y Now, when x = 25, then
⇒ − log e = 2(x − 1) (a) 5 (b) 13 (c) −2 (d) 7
1+ x − y P = 100 × 25 − 8 × (25) 3 / 2 + 2000
Ans. (d)
1
[Qlog = log x −1 = − log x] = 2500 − 8 × 125 + 2000 dy
x = 4500 − 1000 = 3500 Here, = y + 3 > 0 and y(0) = 2
dx
55 If a curve y = f (x) passes through dy
57 The population p(t) at time t of a ⇒ ∫ y + 3 = ∫ dx
the point (1, − 1) and satisfies the certain mouse species satisfies the
dp(t) ⇒ log | y + 3 | = x + C
differential equation, differential eq. = 0.5 (t) − 450. Since, y(0) = 2 ⇒ log |2 + 3 | = 0 + C
y (1 + xy)dx = x dy, then f  −  is
1 dt
 2 ∴ C = log e 5
If p(0) = 850, then the time at which
⇒ log | y + 3 | = x + log e 5
equal to [JEE Main 2016] the population becomes zero is
2 4 [AIEEE 2012] When x = log e 2
(a) − (b) −
5 5 (a) 2 log 18 (b) log 9 ⇒ log | y + 3 | = log e 2 + log e 5= log e 10
2 4 1 ⇒ y + 3 = 10
(c) (d) (c) log 18 (d) log 18
5 5 2 ∴ y=7
59 Let I be the purchase value of an 61 The solution of the differential dx dy y 1
⇒ x 2 dy + ydx = ⇒ + =
equipment and V (t) be the value equation y dx + (x + x 2 y ) dy = 0 is x dx x 2 x 3
after it has been used for t years. [AIEEE 2004] This in linear differential equations
1
The value V (t) depreciates at a rate 1 1 ∫ dx
(a) − = C (b) − + log y = C IF = e x2
= e − 1/x
given by differential eq. xy xy
1
dV (t) 1 ⇒ y ⋅ e − 1 / x = ∫ e − 1 / x ⋅ 3 dx + c
= − k (T − t), where k > 0 is a (c) + log y = C (d) log y = Cx x
dt xy −1 1
Let = t ⇒ 2 dx = dt
constant andT is the total life in Ans. (b) x x
years of the equipment. Then, the Given that, y dx + (x + x 2 y) dy = 0 ⇒ y ⋅ e − 1 / x = ∫ − te t dt + c
scrap value V (T ) of the equipment y dx + x dy 1 = − (te t − e t ) + c
∴ = − dy 1 1
is [AIEEE 2011] x2 y2 y 1 − −
⇒ ye − 1 / x = e x + e x + c
k k (T − t) 2  1 1 x
(a) I − T 2 (b) I −
2 2
⇒ ∫ d  − xy  = − ∫ y dy Put x = 1, y = 1
1 e− 1
(c) e − kT (d) T −
2
On integrating both sides, we get (1) e − 1 = + e− 1 + c ⇒ c = − e− 1
k 1
1
Ans. (a) − = − log y + C 1 −
1
−
1
xy Solution y ⋅ e − 1 / x = e x + e x − e − 1
d {V (t)} x
Given, = − k (T − t) ⇒ −
1
+ log y = C 1 e 1/x
dt xy ⇒ y = + 1−
x e
∴ d {V (t)} = − k (T − t) dt
62 The solution of the equation 1
Put x =
When t = 0, V (t) = I …(i)
d2 y 2
T T = e −2 x is
⇒ ∫ 0
d {V (t)} = ∫ − k (T − t) dt
0 dx 2 [AIEEE 2002] y =2+ 1−
e2
⇒ y =3− e
T e −2 x e −2 x e
 (t − T ) 2  (a) (b) + Cx + D
⇒ V (T ) − V (0) = k   4 4 64 Let us consider a curve, y = f (x)
 2 0 1 1
k (c) e −2 x + Cx 2 + D (d) e −2 x + C + D passing through the point (− 2, 2)
⇒ V (T ) − I = {(T − T ) 2 − (0 − T ) 2 } 4 4 and the slope of the tangent to the
2
k Ans. (b) curve at any point (x, f (x)) is given by
∴ V (T ) = I − T 2 d2 y
2 Q = e −2 x f (x) + xf ′ (x) = x 2 Then
dx 2 [2021, 27 Aug. Shift-I]
dy
60 If x = y (log y − log x + 1), then the On integrating both sides, we get (a) x 2 + 2xf (x) − 12 = 0
dx dy e −2 x
= +C (b) x 3 + 2xf (x) + 12 = 0
solution of the equation is
dx −2 (c) x 3 − 3xf (x) − 4 = 0
[AIEEE 2005]
 x  y
Again integrating, we get (d) x 2 + 2xf (x) + 4 = 0
(a) log   = C y (b) log   = C x e −2 x
 y  x y= + Cx + D Ans. (c)
4
 y  x Given,f (x) + xf ′ (x) = x 2
(c) x log   = C y (d) y log   = C x
 x  y TOPIC 3 ⇒
f (x)
f ′ (x) +=x
x
Ans. (b) Linear Differential Equations
dy 1  dy 
Given that, x
dy
= y (log y − log x + 1) ⇒ + y = x Qy = f (x) ⇒ = f ′ (x) 
dx dx x  dx 
63 If y = y (x) is the solution curve of This is linear differential equation.
dy  y   
=    log   + 1
∴
y
…(i)
the differential equation 1
∫ x dx
∴Integrating factor IF = e =x
x 2 dy +  y −  dx = 0 ; x > 0 and
dx  x    x  1
which is the homogeneous equation.  x Solution, y ⋅ x = ∫ x ⋅ xdx + C
x3
y(1) = 1, then y   is equal to
Put y = t x ⇒
dy
=t + x
dt 1 or xy = +C
dx dx  2 3
dt QIt passes through (− 2, 2).
∴ t+x = t log t + t [from Eq. (i)] [2021, 01 Sep. Shift-II]
dx 3 1 1 (−2) 3 4
(a) − (b) 3 + ∴ − 2 ⋅2 = + C ⇒C = −
dt dx 2
t log t dx = x dt ⇒ ∫
t log t ∫ x
⇒ = e e 3 3
(c) 3 + e (d) 3 − e Hence, xf (x) =
x3 4
−
On integrating, we get Ans. (d) 3 3
log t = log x + log C ⇒ log   = C x or x 3 − 3f (x) ⋅ x − 4 = 0
y
x 2 dy +  y −  dx = 0
1
 x  x
 This is a linear differential equation 1 3 −2
65 If the solution curve of the ⇒ ey = + e
∫
sec 2 x 4 4
differential equation ∴ IF = e
dx
= e ln(tan x ) = tan x
tan x
1 3 
(2x − 10y 3 )dy + ydx = 0, passes So, solution is given by y = log e  + e −2 
4 4 
through the points (0, 1) and (2, β), (y tan x) = ∫ − tan2 x dx
⇒ α +β = 1
then β is a root of the equation = ∫ ( 1 − sec x) dx = x − tan x + C
2

∴ 4(α + β) = 4
[2021, 27 Aug. Shift-II] y = x cot x − 1 + C cot x
(a) y 5 − 2y − 2 = 0 (b) 2y 5 − 2y − 1 = 0 Now, lim+ x ⋅ y = 1
(c) 2y 5 − y 2 − 2 = 0 (d) y 5 − y 2 − 1 = 0 x→ 0 68 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
Ans. (d) ⇒ lim+ (x cot x − x + Cx cot x) = 1
2
differential equation
cosec 2 x dy + 2dx = (1 + y cos2x)
x→ 0
 x Cx 
Given, differential equation ⇒ lim +  x ⋅ −x+  =1
π
 tan x tan x 
cosec 2 xdx, with y   = 0. Then,
x→ 0
(2x − 10 y 3 ) dy + ydx = 0
dx 2x ⇒ 0 −0 + C = 1 ⇒ C = 1
 4
⇒ + = 10 y 2 … (i)
dy y ∴ y = x cot x − 1 + cot x the value of (y (0) + 1) 2 is equal to
π [2021, 22 July Shift-II]
This is Linear differential equation Now, x =
1
2 ∫ dy 4 (a) e 1 / 2 (b) e −1 / 2
Integrating factor IF= e y
=y 2
π π (c) e −1 (d) e
y = − 1+ 1 =
Solution of differential Eq. (i), 4 4 Ans. (c)
x ⋅ y 2 = ∫ 10 y 2 ⋅ y 2 dy + C cosec2 x dy + 2dx = (1 + y cos2x) cosec2 x dx
⇒ xy 2 = 2y 5 + C
67 Let y = y (x) be solution of the
… (ii) Divide L H S and R H S by cosec2 x dx,
Solution Eq. (ii) passes through (0, 1) following differential equation dy  2  = (1 + y cos2x)
+ 
⇒ 0 ⋅ 12 = 2⋅ 15 + C ⇒ C = − 2 dy dx  cosec2 x 
ey − 2e y sin x + sin x cos2 x = 0,
∴ Solution of Eq. (i) is dx ⇒
dy
+ 2 sin2 x − y cos2x = 1
π
xy 2 = 2y 5 − 2 y   = 0. dx
Now, this equation passes through (2,β).  2 dy
[2021, 25 July Shift-I] ⇒ − y cos2x = 1 − 2 sin2 x
∴ 2⋅β 2 = 2β 5 − 2 ⇒ β 5 − β 2 − 1 = 0 Ans. (4) dx
⇒β is root of the equation y 5 − y 2 − 1 = 0 dy This is the form of
y = y (x) e y − 2e y sin x + sin x cos2 x = 0 dy
dx + Py = Q
66 Lety = y (x) be a solution curve of Let e y = t
dx
IF = e ∫
Pdx
the differential equation ey
dy dt
=
(y + 1) tan2 x dx + tan x dx dx Here, P = − cos2x
π
dy + y dx = 0, x ∈ 0,  . If
dt  −1  sin 2 x
− 2t sin x + sin x cos2 x = 0  
e∫
− cos 2 xdx
 2 dx = e 2 

lim xy (x) = 1, , then the value of dt

+ (−2 sin x)t = − sin x cos2 x So, IF⋅ y = ∫ Q ⋅IFdx
−1 −1
x → 0+ dx sin 2 x sin 2 x

π ⇒ ye 2 =∫e2 (1 − 2 sin2 x)dx

y   is IF = e ∫
−2 sin xdx
= e 2 cos x
 4 [2021, 26 Aug. Shift-I]
−1
sin 2 x
(e 2 cos x .t) = ∫ e 2 cos x . (− sin x cos2 x)dx =∫e2 cos2xdx
π π
(a) − (b) − 1 ⇒te 2 cos x = ∫ e 2 z . z 2 dz −1
4 4 z2 e2z 2ze 2 z Let sin2x = t
π π ⇒te 2 cos x = −∫ dz 2
(c) + 1 (d) 2 2
4 4 2
2 2z 2z ⇒ cos2xdx = dt
z e ze e2z −2
Ans. (d) ⇒te 2 cos x = − + +C
2 2 4 ⇒ cos2xdx = −dt
We have, y 2 cos x
e e −1 − sin 2 x
(y + 1 ) tan2 x dx + tan x dy + ydx = 0 cos2 xe 2 cos x e 2 cos x e 2 cos x
sin 2 x
= − cos x + +C ⇒ ye 2 =e 2
+C
⇒ 2 2 4 π
[(y + 1 ) tan2 x + y ] dx + tan x dy = 0 π Now, y   = 0
dy y x = , y = 0,  4
⇒ + (y + 1) tan x + =0 2 −1
dx tan x 1 1
1= + C ⇒ 0 = −e 2 + C C =
dy y tan x + tan x + y
2 2
4 e
⇒ + =0 3 1
dx tan x ⇒ C= ∴ y(0) ⇒ y ⋅ 1 = −1 +
2 4 e
dy y sec x
⇒ + + tan2 x = 0 x = 0, 1
dx tan x ⇒ y + 1=
e2 e2 e2 3 e
ey. e2 = − + +
dy  sec2 x  2 2 4 4 1
⇒ +  y = − tan x ⇒ (y + 1) 2 =
dx  tan x  ⇒ 4e y + 2 = e 2 + 3 e
69 Let y = y (x) satisfies the equation 70 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the e −1 / 2  1 − 1 − e −2 
=  
dy 1 + e −2  1 + e −2 
−| A| = 0, for all x > 0, where differential equation
dx dy 2 − e −5 / 2 − e −5 / 2
= (y + 1) [(y + 1) e x /2 − x],0 < x < 2. 1, = = 2
y sin x 1  dx (1 + e )−2 2
(e + 1) 2
  dy e4
A = 0 −1 1  . If y(π) = π + 2, with y(2) = 0. Then the value of at −e 3/2
dx = 2
 1 (e + 1) 2
2 0
x 
x = 1 is equal to
[2021, 18 March Shift-II]
π 71 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
then the value of y   is − e 3/2 2e 2
 2 (a) 2 (b) −
differential equation
(e + 1) 2 (1 + e 2 ) 2
[2021, 20 July Shift-II]
e 5 /2 5 e 1/2 cos x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)dy =
π 4 π 1 (c) (d)
[1 + y sin x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)]dx,
(a) + (b) − (1 + e 2 ) 2 (e 2 + 1) 2
2 π 2 π π π
Ans. (a) 0 ≤ x ≤ , y (0) = 0. Then, y   is
3π 1 π 4 2  3
(c) − (d) − dy
2 π 2 π
2
Given, = (y + 1) [(y + 1) e x / 2 − x] … (i) equal to [2021, 17 March Shift-II]
dx
Ans. (a)  2 3 + 9
⇒
dy 2
= (y + 1) 2 e x / 2 − x (y + 1) (a) 2 log e  
y sin x 1 dx  6 
|A|= 0 −1 1 ⇒
dy 2
+ x (y + 1) = (y + 1) 2 e x / 2  2 3 + 10
1 (b) 2 log e  
2 0 dx  11 
x 1 dy 1 2
⇒ ⋅ + ⋅ x = e x /2 … (ii)  3 + 7
= y  −  + sin x (2) + 1 (+ 2) (y + 1) dx y + 1 (c) 2 log e  
1 2

 x  2 
1 −1 dy dt
Let =t⇒ ⋅ =
y
= − + 2 sin x + 2 y+1 (y + 1) 2 dx dx  3 3 − 8
(d) 2 log e  
x dt 2  4 
dy ⇒ − + tx = e x / 2
Now, − | A | = 0 gives dx Ans. (b)
dx
dt 2

dy y ⇒ + (− x)t = − e x / 2 Given, cos x (3sinx + cos x + 3) dy

+ − 2 sin x − 2 = 0 dx
dx x = [1 + y sin x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)] dx
which is linear differential equation ⇒
dy y
+ = 2 sin x + 2
IF = e ∫
or − x dx
 
= e − x /2
2
1
dx x cos x dy =  + y sin x  dx
1
∫ x dx Now, solution of differential equation is,  3 sin x + cos x + 3 
IF = e = e log x = x dy
t ⋅ e − x / 2 = − ∫ e − x / 2 . e x / 2 dx
2 2 2

⇒ cos x ⋅ = y sin x
∴ y ⋅ IF = ∫ (2 sin x + 2) ⋅ IF dx dx
 1  − x 2 /2 1
y ⋅ x = ∫ (2x sin x + 2x) dx ⇒  e = − x + c, where c is +
 y + 1 3 sin x + cos x + 3
yx = 2[− x cos x + sin x] + x 2 + c ...(i) dy sin x 1
constant of integration. …(iii) ⇒ =y +
Given, y( π) = π + 2, putting in Eq. (i) Given, y(2) = 0 i.e. when x = 2, then y = 0. dx cos x cos x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)
( π + 2) π = 2(− π cos π + sin π) + π 2 + c From Eq. (iii), dy 1
⇒ − (tan x) y =
⇒ π2 + 2π = π2 + 2π + c e −2 = − 2 + c dx cos x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)
⇒ c =0 ⇒ c = 2 + e −2 …(i)
From Eq. (i), Now, at x = 1 Which is linear differential equation.
( − tan x ) dx
1 ∴Integrating factor (IF) = e ∫
yx = x 2 − 2x cos x + 2 sin x e −1 / 2 = − 1 + e −2 + 2
π y+1 =e = | cos x |
log| cos x |
Put x=
2 e −1 / 2 Q| cos x | > 0, ∀ x ∈ [0, π /2)
⇒ (y + 1) =
 π  π
2
 π π  π 1 + e −2 ∴| cos x | = cos x
y ⋅   =   − 2  cos + 2 sin  
2 2 2 2 2 Now, putting the value of (y + 1) in Eq. (i), Hence, solution of Eq. (i) is
 π π 2 we get y (cos x)
⇒ y ⋅   = − 2(0) +
2 2 π /2 e −1 / 2  e −1 / 2  1
y ′ (1) =  . e 1 / 2 − 1 = ∫ (cos x) ⋅ dx
 π π 4 1 + e −2  1 + e −2  cos x (3 sin x + cos x + 3)
⇒ y⋅  = + 1
2 2 π e −1 / 2  1  ⇒ y cos x = ∫ dx
= −2
 −2
− 1 3 sin x + cos x + 3
1+ e 1+ e 
 x
sec2 dx  31 8  ∴Eq. (i) becomes,
(a) 4  + log e 3
⇒ y cos x = ∫ 2 dx 3 3  4x 3 / 4 4
x x y × x− 1/2 = − log | x 3 / 4 + 1 | + C
2 tan2 + 6 tan + 4  31 8  3 3
2 2 (b)  + log e 3
x 3 3  Since, this passes through  1, 1 − log e 2
4
sec2 dx  
 31 8  3
=∫ 2 dx (c) 4  − log e 3
 2 x x  3 3  Then,
2 tan + 3 tan + 2
 2 2   31 8   1 − 4 log 2 × 1 = 4 × 1 − 4 log | 1 + 1 | + C
(d)  − log e 3  
x 3 3   3 e  3 3
Putting tan = z 4 −1
2 Ans. (c) ⇒ C = 1− ⇒C =
1 2 x 3 3
⇒ sec dx = dz Given,
2 2 Hence,
dz 2(x 2 + x 5 / 4 )dy − y ⋅ (x + x 1 / 4 ) dx =2x 9 / 4dx, 4 4
∴ y cos x = ∫ 2 y = x5 /4 − x log | x 3 / 4 + 1 | −
x
z + 3z + 2 where x > 0 3 3 3
dz After rearranging, we get Q x>0
=∫ dy y x9 /4
(z + 1)(z + 2) − = 5 /4 3/4 ∴ x 3 / 4 > 0 ⇒x 3 / 4 + 1 > 0
dx 2x x (x + 1) i.e., | x 3 / 4 + 1| = x 3 / 4 + 1
1 1
=∫ dz − ∫ dz dy
z+1 z+2 + Py = Q , where P 4 4 x
This is of the form ∴ y = x5 /4 − x log(x 3 / 4 + 1) −
dx 3 3 3
= log(z + 1) − log(z + 2) + c and Q are constants or function of x. Now, putting x = 16, we get
z+1 ∴Integrating factor (IF) = e ∫
Pdx
4 4 4
⇒ y cos x = log +c y(16) = × 32 − × 4log 9 −
z+2 ∫−
1
dx
−1
∫ x dx 3 3 3
=e 2x
=e 2
124 32
x
tan + 1 1
= − log 3
2 − log x −1/2 1 3 3
= log +c …(i) =e 2
= e log(x ) =
x x1/2  31 8 
tan + 2 = 4 − log 3
2 Its solution is 3 3 
Since, y(0) = 0 y × (IF) = ∫ Q × (IF) dx
 1 1 x9 /4 73 If y = y (x) is the solution of the
∴ c = − log   = log 2 ⇒ y × 1/2 = ∫ 5 /4 3/4 × x − 1 / 2 dx
 2 x x (x + 1) differential equation,
π
+ 2y tan x = sin x, y   = 0, then
x dy
tan + 1
9 5 1
− −
2 (x) 4 4 2
 3
From Eq. (i), y cos x = log + log 2 =∫ dx dx
x (x 3 / 4 + 1)
tan + 2 the maximum value of the
2 1 x 1 / 2 dx
 1  ⇒ y× =∫ … (i) function y (x) over R is equal to
(x 3 / 4 + 1)
1/2
+1 x
π   [2021, 16 March Shift-I]
∴y   = 2log 3 + log 2 Putting x = z 4 1
3  1
+2  (a) 8 (b)
  ⇒ dx = 4z 3 ⋅dz 2
3
15 1
RHS of Eq. (i) becomes, (c) − (d)
 3+ 1  z 2 ⋅4z 3 z 2 (z 3 + 1 − 1) 4 8
= 2log 2 
 ∫ (z 3 + 1) ⋅dz = 4∫ (z 3 + 1) dz Ans. (d)
 2 3 + 1
 z (z + 1)  dy
2 3
z 2
Given, + 2y tan x = sin x
 3 + 1 2 3 − 1 = 4 ∫ dz − ∫ 3 dz  dx
= 2log 2 ×   ( z 3
+ 1) ( z + 1) 
 2 3 + 1 2 3 − 1 This differential is of the form of
z3 1 3z 2  dy
= 4  − ⋅∫ 3 dz  + Py = Q
2 3 + 10 3 3 z +1  dx
= 2log
11 z3 1  which is a linear differential equation.
= 4 − ⋅log | z 3 + 1 |
3 3 Here, P = 2tan x and Q = sin x
 
72 If the curve y = y (x) is the solution  f ′ (x)  The integrating factor of linear
Q∫ dx = log |f (x) | + C  differential equation is e ∫ .
Pdx
of the differential equation  f (x)  2 sin x
2(x 2 + x 5 / 4 ) dy − y (x + x 1/ 4 ) dx ∫ dx
= e cos x
2 tan x dx
4z 3 4 Here, e ∫
= 2x 9 / 4 dx, x > 0 which passes = − log | z 3 + 1 | + C
3 3 = e − 2 log(cos x )
through the point 1, 1 − log e 2 ,
4 = sec2 x
4x 3 / 4 4
 3  = − log | x 3 / 4 + 1 | + C dy
3 3 Now, + 2y tan x = sin x
then the value of y(16) is equal to Qx = z 4  dx
  On multiplying sec2 x both the sides,
[2021, 17 March Shift-II] ∴x 3 / 4 = z 3 
 
 dy Multiplying by sec x on both sides 3
sec2 x + 2y sec2 x tan x = sin x sec2 x Hence, 1 + y ( π / 6) + y ( π / 3)
dx dy 2
+ (tan x) y = sin x
d dx 1
⇒ (y sec2 x) = sin x sec2 x + y( π / 4)
dx dy 2
sec x + (tan x sec x) y = sin x sec x = 1+ 0+ 0+ 0= 1
⇒ y sec2 x = ∫ sin x sec2 x dx dx
sin x d 76 If a curve passes through the origin
⇒ y sec2 x = ∫ dx ⇒ (y sec x) = tan x
cos2 x dx and the slope of the tangent to it at
Let cosx = t ⇒ y sec x = ∫ tan x dx x 2 − 4x + y + 8
any point (x, y) is ,
(− sin x) dx = dt ⇒ y sec x = log(sec x) + c x −2
− dt 1 y = cos x log(sec x) + c ⋅ cos x
∫ t2 = t + c y(0) = 0
then this curve also passes through
1
the point [2021, 25 Feb. Shift-I]
So, y sec2 x = +c ⇒ 0 = 1⋅ 0 + c ⋅ 1 (a) (5, 4)
cos x
⇒ c =0 (b) (4, 5)
y sec2 x = sec x + c ∴ y = cos x ⋅log(sec x) (c) (4, 4)
Now, x = π / 3, y = 0
π π π
y   = cos  ⋅log  sec 
(d) (5, 5)
0 =2+ c ⇒
 4  4  4 Ans. (d)
⇒ c = −2 1 1
= log( 2) = log 2 x 2 − 4x + y + 8
So, y sec2 x = sec x − 2 Given, slope =
2 2 2 x −2
 1 
y = cos2 x  − 2
 cos x  dy x 2 − 4x + y + 8
75 If y = y (x) is the solution of the ⇒ =
= − 2 cos2 x + cos x dx x −2
 cos x  equation (x − 2) 2 + (y + 4)
⇒ y = − 2 cos2 x −  dy =
 2  e sin y cos y + e sin y cos x = cos x, (x − 2)
 cos x 1 1 dx y+4
⇒ y = − 2  cos2 x − + −  y(0) = 0, then = (x − 2) +
 2 16  16  x −2
π 3  π 1  π
⇒ y = − 2 (cos x − 1 /4) 2 − 
1 1 + y   + y + y   is Let (x − 2) = t ⇒dx = dt
 16 
 6 2  3 2  4 and (y + 4) = u ⇒dy = du
⇒ y=
1
− 2(cos x − 1 /4) 2
……… . [2021, 26 Feb. Shift-I] dy du
∴ =
8 Ans. (1) dx dt
1 (y + 4)
So, y min = Given e sin y cos y
dy
+ e sin y cos x = cos x … Now,
dy
= (x − 2) +
8 dx dx (x − 2)
(i) du u
74 If y = y (x) is the solution of the dy dt ⇒ =t +
Let e sin y = t, then e sin y ⋅ cos y ⋅ = , dt t
differential equation dx dx du u
dy π putting in Eq. (i), ⇒ − =t
+ (tan x) y = sin x, 0 ≤ x ≤ , with dt
dt t
dx 3 + t cos x = cos x … (ii) (Linear form) Here, integrating factor (IF) = 1/t
 π dx
y(0) = 0, then y   is equal to ⇒ u ⋅   = ∫ t   dt
1 1
 4 Then,IF = e ∫ cos x dx
=e sin x
t t
[2021, 16 March Shift-II] Solution of differential equation (ii) is, ⇒ u /t = t + c
1  1  t ⋅IF = ∫ cos x ⋅IF dx + C
(a) log e 2 (b)   log e 2 (y + 4)
4 2 2 t ⋅ e sin x = ∫ cos x ⋅ e sin xdx + C ⇒ = (x − 2) + c
(x − 2)
1 Let e sin x = e u i.e. let sinx = u then
(c) log e 2 (d) log e 2 QIt passes through origin [i.e. (0, 0)],
2 cosx dx = du
then
Ans. (b) ⇒ t ⋅ e sin x = ∫ e u du + C = e u + C 4
Put u = sin x and t = e sin y ∴ = −2+ c
Given,
dy
+ (tan x) y = sin x, x ∈[0, π / 3] −2
dx ⇒ e sin y ⋅ e sin x = e sin x + C
⇒ −2+ 2= c
which is a linear differential equation of Given, y(0) = 0, this givesC = 0
⇒ c =0
dy
the form of + Py = Q ⇒ e sin y ⋅ e sin x = e sin x (y + 4)
dx ⇒ e sin y + sin x = e sin x Hence, = (x − 2) + 0 [Qc = 0]
(x − 2)
Here, P = tan x ⇒ sin y + sin x = sin x
⇒ y + 4 = (x − 2) 2
∴ IF = e ∫
Pdx
⇒ siny = 0
Clearly, this curve passes through (5, 5)
⇒e ∫
tan x dx
= e log(sec x ) = sec x ⇒ y =0
as it satisfies the equation.
∴y ( π / 6) = y ( π / 3) = y ( π / 4) = 0
77 If the curve y = y (x) represented by Ans. (b) it is in the form of linear differential
Given, curve y = f (x) passes through (1, 2) equation,
the solution of the differential dy dy
equation (2xy 2 − y) dx + xdy = 0, and satisfies x + y = bx 4 of the form + py = Q
dx dx
passes through the intersection of dy −
∫
dx
1
⇒ x + y = bx 4 So, IF = e x =
the lines 2x − 3y = 1 and 3x + 2y = 8, dx x
then | y (1)| is equal to ………… . dy y ∴Solution of given differential equation
⇒ + = bx 3
[2021, 25 Feb. Shift-II] dx x y(IF) = ∫ Q (IF)dx + C, where
Ans. (1) ∫
dy Q = x (x cos x + sin x)
Given, (2xy − y)dx + xdy = 0
2 IF = e dx
=x y
x ∫
⇒ = (x cos x + sin x)dx + C
⇒
dy y
− = −2y 2 bx 5
∴ yx = ∫ bx 4 dx = +C
dx x 5 = x sin x + C
−1 dy 1 bx 4 C [Q∫ (xf ′ (x) + f (x))dx = xf (x) + C]
⇒ + =2 …(i) ⇒ y= + = f (x) … (i)
y 2 dx xy 5 x Q y( π) = π ⇒C = 1
[divide by y 2 ] Q This curve passes through (1, 2). ∴ y = x 2 sin x + x
1 1 dy dv b × (1) 5 ∴ y ′ = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x + 1
Let = v, then − 2 ⋅ = , putting in ∴ 2× 1= +C
y y dx dx 5 ⇒ y ′ ′ = 2x cos x + 2 sin x
Eq. (i) ⇒
b
2= + C … (ii) + 2x cos x − x 2 sin x
 π  π π2 π2 π
+ v   = 2 (this is a linear form)
dv 1 5
So,y ′ ′   + y   = 2 − + +
dx  x 2
Also, ∫ f (x) dx =
62 2 2 4 4 2
Now, integrating factor (IF)
1 5 π
2  bx 4
=2+
C 62 2
⇒ ∫ 
1
∫ x dx +  dx = [from Eq. (i)]
=e = e log x = x 1
 5 x 5 Hence, option (d) is correct.
x2 2
∴ (IF )v = ∫ 2.(IF )dx = ∫ 2xdx = 2 +C  x5  62
2 ⇒ b × + C log x  = 80 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
 25 1 5
∴ (IF )v = x 2 + C differential equation
  b × 32  b 
1 π
cos x + 2y sin x = sin2x, x ∈ 0,  .
Put v = , this gives ⇒  + C log 2 −  + c log 1  dy
  25   25 
y
dx  2
62
x = π π
If y   = 0, then y   is equal to
x2 + c =
y 5
b × 32 b 62  3  4
Now, first find point of intersection of ⇒ + C log 2 − = + 0 log 2 [2020, 5 Sep. Shift-II]
lines 25 25 5
2x − 3y = 1 and 3x = −2y + 8 by elimination (a) 2 − 2 (b) 2 + 2
On comparing, we get
method, we get x = 2, y = 1 1
1
b 62
× 32 = and c = 0 (c) 2 −2 (d) −1
∴The curve x 2 + c = passesthrough(2,1). 25 5 2
y Ans. (c)
62 × 25
Put x = 2, y = 1, we get c = −2 b= Given differential equation
x 32 × 5
= x2 −2 dy  π
b = 10 (cos x) + 2y sin x = sin2x, x ∈  0, 
y dx  2
x Hence, the required value ofb = 10.
or y= 2 ⇒
dy
+ 2(tan x) y = 2 sin x,
x −2 dx
1 79 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
Put x = 1, we get y(1) = = −1 is in the form of linear differential
1−2 differential equation, equation, so
xy ′− y = x 2 (x cos x + sin x), x > 0.
∴ | y (1) | = 1 IF = e ∫
2 tan xdx
π π = sec2 x
If y(π) = π, then y ′′   + y   is ∴ Solution is
78 If a curve y = f (x) passes through  2  2
y (sec2 x) = ∫ 2 tan x sec xdx + c
the point (1, 2) and satisfies equal to [2020, 4 Sep. Shift-I]
= 2sec x + c
dy π π2 π π
x + y = bx 4 , then for what value (a) 2 + + (b) 1 + Q y   = 0 ⇒c = –4
dx 2 4 2 3
2
62 π π2 π
of b, ∫ f (x) dx = ? (c) 1 + + (d) 2 + So, the required equation is
2 4 2 y (sec2 x) = 2 sec x –4
1
5 Ans. (d) π
[2021, 24 Feb. Shift-II] At x = , we get 2y = 2 2 –4
Given differential equation 4
π
(a) 5 (b) 10 xy ′ − y = x 2 (x cos x + sin x), x > 0 ∴ y   = 2 –2.
62 31
dy 1  4
(c) (d) ⇒ − y = x (x cos x + sin x),
5 5 dx x
81 Let y = y (x) be the solution curve of Q y(2) = 0 dy
= (tan x − y) sec2 x
∴ 0 =2+ 1+ C ⇒C = −3 dx
the differential equation,
dy So, for y(3) on putting x = 3 and C = − 3 in ⇒
dy
+ (sec2 x) y = sec2 x tan x,
(y 2 − x) = 1, satisfying y(0) = 1. This Eq. (i), we get dx
dx
y 3 which is linear differential equation of
curve intersects the x-axis at a =3+ −3 ⇒ y =3
4 4 the form
point whose abscissa is dy
Hence, answer is 3. + Py = Q ,
(a) 2 (b) 2 − e (c) −e (d) 2 + e dx
[2020, 7 Jan. Shift-II] 83 The solution of the differential where P = sec2 x and Q = sec2 x tan x
Ans. (b) dy
F = e∫
sec 2 x dx
dy equation x + 2y = x 2 (x ≠ 0) with = e tan x
Given differential equation (y 2 − x) =1 dx
dx So, solution of given differential
dx y(1) = 1, is [2019, 9 April Shift-I] equation is
⇒ + x = y 2 is a linear differential x2 3 x3 1
dy (a) y = + (b) y = + y × IF = ∫ (Q × IF)dx + C
equation. 4 4x2 5 5 x2
3 1 4 1 y (e tan x ) = ∫ e tan x ⋅ sec2 x tan x dx + C
I.F. = e ∫ = e y (c) y = x 2 + 2 (d) y = x 3 + 2
1dy
Q Let tanx = t ⇒ sec2 xdx = dt
4 4x 5 5x
∴ Solution of given differential equation Ans. (a) ye tan x = ∫ e t ⋅tdt + C = te t − ∫ e t dt + C
is
Given differential equation is
xe y = ∫ y 2 e ydy + C dy
[using integration by parts method]
x + 2y = x 2 , (x ≠ 0) = e t (t − 1) + C
= y 2 e y − 2∫ ye ydy + C dx
= y 2 e y − 2{ ye y − ∫ e ydy } + C dy  2  ⇒y ⋅ e tan x
= e tan x (tan x − 1) + C [Qt = tan x]
⇒ +   y = x, y(0) = 0
⇒ xe = y 2 e y − 2ye y + 2e y + C
y
dx  x  Q
(Q y(0) = 1) which is a linear differential equation of ⇒ 0 = 1(0 − 1) + C ⇒ C = 1
⇒ 0 e ' = 1e ' − 2e ' + 2e ' + C ⇒ C = − e the form ∴ y ⋅ e tan x = e tan x (tan x − 1) + 1
∴Particular solution of given differential π
dy
+ Py = Q Now, at x = − ⇒ ye −1 = e −1 (−1 − 1) + 1
equation is dx 4
xe y = y 2 e y − 2ye y + 2e y − e …(i) 2 ⇒ ye −1 = − 2e −1 + 1 ⇒y = e −2
Here, P = and Q = x
QCurve (i) intersects the X-axis, then x
y =0 ∫
2
dx 85 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
∴ IF = e x
= e 2 log x = x 2
∴ xe ° = 2 − e ⇒ x = 2 − e differential equation,
Therefore, abscissa of point of Since, solution of the given differential dy
equation is + y tan x = 2x + x 2 tan x,
intersection of curve (i) and X-axis is dx
(2 − e). y × IF = ∫ (Q × IF) dx + C π π
∴ y (x 2 ) = ∫ (x × x 2 ) dx + C x ∈  − ,  , such that y(0) = 1. Then
 2 2
82 If for x ≥ 0, y = y (x) is the solution of ⇒ yx 2 = + C
x4
[2019, 10 April Shift-II]
the differential equation, 4
1 3  π  π
Q y(1) = 1, so 1 = + C ⇒C = (a) y ′   − y ′  −  = π − 2
(x + 1)dy = ((x + 1) 2 + y − 3)dx, y (2) = 0, 4 4  4  4
then y(3) is equal to…… . x4 3 x2 3
∴ yx =2
+ ⇒y= +  π  π
[2020, 9 Jan. Shift-I] 4 4x 2 (b) y ′   + y ′  −  = − 2
4 4  4  4
Ans. (3)
 π  π π
2
Given differential equation for x ≥ 0 is 84 If y = y (x) is the solution of the (c) y   + y  −  = +2
(x + 1) dy = ((x + 1) 2 + y − 3) dx  4  4 2
differential equation
⇒
dy
−
1
y = (x + 1) −
3
π π  π  π
= (tan x − y) sec2 x, x ∈  − ,  ,
dy (d) y   − y  −  = 2
dx x + 1 x+1  4  4
dx  2 2
QThe above differential equation is in π
such that y (0) = 0, then y  −  is
Ans. (a)
the form of linear, so
dx  4 Given differential equation is
−∫
1
1 +x
I.F. = e = equal to [2019, 10 April Shift-I] dy
+ y tan x = 2x + x 2 tan x , which is
1+ x dx
1 1
∴Solution of the differential equation is (a) −2 (b) −e linear differential equation in the form of
e 2
y  3  dx dy
+ Py = Q .
1 + x ∫ 
= (x + 1) − 1
x + 1  1 + x (c) 2 +
e
(d) e − 2 dx

y  3 
1+ x ∫
⇒ = 1 −  dx Here, P = tan x and Q = 2x + x 2 tan x
(x + 1) 2  Ans. (d)
∴ IF = e ∫ =e e = sec x
tan x dx log (sec x )
y 3
⇒ =x+ +C …(i) Given differential equation
1+ x x+1
 Now, solution of linear differential dy 3
cos x − (sin x) y = 6x = e4
log x

equation is given as dx 3/ 4

y × IF = ∫ (Q × IF)dx + C dy 6x = e log x = x 3/4

⇒ − (tan x) y = ,
dx cos x and solution of differential Eq. (i) is given
∴ y (sec x) = ∫ (2x + x 2 tan x) sec x dx + C
which is the linear differential equation by
= ∫ (2x sec x) dx + ∫ x 2 sec x tan x dx + C
of the form y(IF) = ∫ (Q ⋅(IF)) dx + C
∫x sec x tan x dx = x 2 sec x
2
Q dy
+ Px = Q yx 3 / 4 = ∫ 7 x 3 / 4dx + C
− ∫ (2x sec x) dx dx
3
Therefore, solution is 6x +1
where P = − tan x and Q = x4
y sec x = 2∫ x sec x dx + x 2 sec x cos x ⇒ yx 3/4
=7 +C
3
So, IF = e ∫ +1
− tanx dx
− 2∫ x sec x dx + C = e − log(sec x ) = cos x
4
⇒ y sec x = x 2 sec x + C …(i) ∴Required solution of differential 7

Q y(0) = 1 ⇒1(1) = 0 (1) + C ⇒C = 1 equation is ⇒ y x 3 / 4 = 4x 4 + C

Now, y = x 2 + cos x [from Eq. (i)] cos x ⇒ y = 4x + C x −3 / 4
y (cos x) = ∫ (6x) dx + C
and y ′ = 2x − sin x cos x So, y = f (x) = 4x + C ⋅ x −3 / 4
x2
f   = + C ⋅ x 3 / 4
According to options, 1 4
= 6 + C = 3x 2 + C Now,
π − π   π 1   x x
y ′   − y ′ 
2
 =  2  −   π
 4  4    4 2 Given, y   = 0
∴ lim+ x f   = lim+ x  + Cx 3 / 4 
1 4
3
 π 1   x  x→ 0  x 
−  2 −  +
x→ 0
 π
2
π2
  4 2 So, 0 = 3   + C ⇒C = −
3 3 = lim+ (4 + Cx 7 / 4 ) = 4
= π− 2 π2
x→ 0

π π  π 1  ∴ y (cos x) = 3x −2
88 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
and y ′   + y ′  −  =  2  −
 
 3
 4  4   4 2 π differential equation,
Now, at x= dy
 π 1  (x 2 + 1) 2 + 2x (x 2 + 1) y = 1 such that
+  2 −  +
6
 =0  3 π2 π2 π2 dx
  4 2 y   = 3 − =−
 2 
π
π π π2 π2 36 3 4 y(0) = 0. If a y(1) = , then the
and y   + y  −  =
1 1
+ + + 32
 4  4  16 π2
2 16 2 ⇒ y=−
2 3 value of ‘a’ is [2019, 8 April Shift-I]
π2
= + 2 1 1
4 (a) (b)
87 Let f be a differentiable function 4 2
π π
and y   − y  −  3 f (x) 1
 4  4 such that f ′ (x) = 7 − , (x > 0) and (c) 1 (d)
16
π 2
1 π 1 2 4 x
= + − − =0
f (1) ≠ 4. Then, lim x f  
1 Ans. (d)
16 2 16 2
x→ 0 + x Given differential equation is

− y sin x = 6x, 0 < x < 

dy x [2019, 10 Jan. Shift-II] (x 2 + 1) 2
dy
+ 2x (x 2 + 1) y = 1
86 If cos x
dx  2 (a) does not exist dx
π π 4 dy  2x 
and y   = 0, then y   is equal to
1
(b) exists and equals ⇒ + y =
 3  6 7 dx  1 + x 2  (1 + x 2 ) 2
[2019, 9 April Shift-II] (c) exists and equals 0
[dividing each term by (1 + x 2 ) 2 ] …(i)
π2 π2 (d) exists and equals 4
(a) (b) − This is a linear differential equation of
2 3 2 3 Ans. (d) dy
the form + P ⋅ y = Q
π2 π2 3 f (x)
Given, f ′ (x) = 7 − , (x > 0) dx
(c) − (d) − 2x 1
2 4 x
4 3 Here, P = and Q =
dy
On puttingf (x) = y and f ′ (x) = , then we (1 + x 2 ) (1 + x 2 ) 2
Ans. (b) 2x
dx ∫ 1 + x 2 dx
Key Idea get ∴ Integrating Factor (IF) = e
= e ln(1 + x
2
(i) First convert the given differential dy 3y )
= (1 + x 2 )
= 7−
equation into linear differential dx 4x
dy
equation of the form + Py = Q ⇒
dy 3
+ y=7 …(i) and required solution of differential Eq.
dx dx 4x (i) is given by
which is a linear differential equation of y ⋅ (IF) = ∫ Q (IF) dx + C
(ii) Find IF dy 3
the form + Py = Q , where P = and
(iii) Apply formula, y (IF) = ∫ Q (IF) dx + C dx 4x 1
⇒ y (1 + x 2 ) = ∫ (1 + x 2 ) dx + C
Q = 7. (1 + x 2 ) 2
Given differential equation 3
∫ 4 x dx
Now, integrating factor (IF) = e
 1 − 1/y
⇒ y (1 + x 2 ) = ∫
dx
+C ⇒ x e − 1/y = e + e − 1/y + C … (i) Ans. (a)
1 + x2 y
Given, differential equation is
⇒ y (1 + x 2 ) = tan−1 (x) + C Now, at y = 1, the value of x = 1, so dy  3  1
1 + y = , which is a linear
Q y(0) = 0 1⋅ e − 1 = e − 1 + e − 1 + C ⇒ C = − dx  cos2 x  cos2 x
e
∴ C =0 differential equation of the form
On putting the value ofC, in Eq. (i), we get dy
∴ y (1 + x 2 ) = tan−1 x [QC = 0] + Py = Q ,
1 e 1/y
tan−1 x x = + 1− dx
⇒ y= y e 3 1
1+ x2 where P = and Q = .
 tan−1 x  So, at y = 2, the value of cos2 x cos2 x
⇒ ay = a   1 e 1/2 3 1 Now, Integrating factor
 1+ x2  x = + 1− = −
3
2 e 2 e ∫ cos 2 x dx
= e∫
3 sec 2 x dx
[multiplying both sides by a] IF = e = e 3 tan x
Now, at x = 1
 tan−1 (1)  90 If y = y (x) is the solution of the and the solution of differential equation
a y (1) = a   dy is given by
 1+ 1  differential equation, x + 2y = x 2
dx y (IF) = ∫ (Q . (IF)) dx
π
satisfying y(1) = 1, then y   is equal
aπ π 1 ⇒ e 3 tan x . y = ∫ e 3 tan x sec2 xdx … (i)
= a 4= = (given)
2 8 32  2 Let I =∫e 3 tan x 2
sec xdx
1 1 to Put 3 tanx = t
∴ a = ⇒a = [2019, 9 Jan. Shift-I]
4 16 13 1 49 7 ⇒ 3 sec2 x dx = dt
(a) (b) (c) (d)
16 4 16 64 et et e 3 tan x
89 Consider the differential equation, ∴ I = ∫ dt = +C= +C
Ans. (c) 3 3 3
 1
y 2 dx +  x −  dy = 0. If value of y is 1 Given differential equation can be
From Eq. (i)
 y e 3 tan x
rewritten as +   ⋅ y = x, which is a e 3 tan x . y = +C
dy 2
when x = 1, then the value of x for dx  x  3
π 4
which y = 2, is linear differential eq. of the form It is given that when, x = , y is
dy 2 4 3
[2019, 12 April Shift-I] + Py = Q , where P = and Q = x. 3
4 e
5 1 3 1 dx x ⇒ e3 = + C ⇒ C = e3
(a) + (b) − 3 3
2 e 2 e Now, integrating factor
1 1 3 2 e 3 tan x
(c) + (d) − e (IF) = e
∫
x
dx 2
= e 2 log x = e log x = x 2 Thus, e 3 tan x y = + e3
2 e 2 3
[Qe log f (x ) = f (x)] π e −3
Ans. (b) Now, when x = − , e −3 y = + e3
and the solution is given by 4 3
Given differential equation is 1  π 
y (IF) = ∫ (Q × IF) dx + C ⇒ y = e6 + Qtan  −  = − 1
 1
y 2 dx +  x −  dy = 0 3   4 
 y ⇒ yx 2 = ∫ x 3 dx + C
92 If y (x) is the solution of the
dx 1 1 x4
⇒ + x= 3 ⇒ yx 2 = +C …(i) differential equation
dy y 2 y 4
dy  2x + 1 −2 x
Since, it is given that y = 1 when x = 1 +  y = e , x > 0,
which is the linear differential equation dx  x 
dx ∴ From Eq. (i), we get
of the form + Px = Q . 1
dy 1
1= + C ⇒C =
3
…(ii) where y (1) = e −2 , then
1 1 4 4 2
Here, P = 2 and Q = 3 ∴ 4x y = x + 3 [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
2 4 [2019, 11 Jan. Shift-I]
y y
x +3 4 1 
1 1
⇒ y= (a) y (x) is decreasing in  , 1
∫
y2
dy −
2 
Now, IF = e =e y
4x 2
∴The solution of linear differential 1 (b) y (x) is decreasing in (0, 1)
+3 (c) y (log e 2) = log e 4
equation is  1 16 49
Now, y   = = log 2
 2 1 16 (d) y (log e 2) = e
x ⋅ (IF) ∫ Q (IF) dy + C 4×
4 4
1
⇒ x e − 1 / y = ∫ 3 e − 1 / ydy + C −π π Ans. (a)
, x ∈  , 
dy 3 1
y 91 If + y= dy  2x + 1 
dx cos2 x cos2 x  3 3 We have, + y = e
−2x
∴ xe − 1/y
= ∫ (− t) e dt + C
t
dx  x 
π 4 π
1 1
[Qlet − = t ⇒ + 2 dy = dt] and y   = , then y  −  equals dy
y y  4 3  4 which is of the form + Py = Q ,
dx
[2019, 10 Jan. Shift-I]
= − te t + ∫ e t dt + C 2x + 1
1 4 1 1 where, P = and Q = e −2 x
[integration by parts] (a) + e 6 (b) − (c) + e 3 (d) x
3 3 3 3
= − te t + e t + C
  1 + 2 x  dx x2
∫    1 + 2  dx
∫  x =e
log e
[Qm log a = log a m ] C =0
Now, IF = e ∫
Pdx x  
=e =e
=x 2
[Qe
log e f (x )
= f (x)] So, required solution is
= e ln x + 2 x = e ln x . e 2 x = x. e 2 x x2 x2
and the solution of differential Eq. (i) is yx = log e x −
and the solution of the given equation is 2 4
y ⋅ (IF) = ∫ (IF) Q dx + C y (IF) = ∫ Q (x) (IF)dx + C e2 e2
Now, atx = e, ey (e) = log e e −
⇒ y (xe ) = ∫ (x e
2x 2x
.e −2 x
) dx + C ⇒ y (x 2 ) = ∫ x ⋅ x 2 dx + C 2 4
x2 x4 [where, y (e) represents value of y at
= ∫ xdx + C = + C … (i) ⇒ yx 2 =
+C …(ii)
4 x = e]
2
e
1 Q The curve (ii) passes through the point ⇒ y ( e) = [Qlog e e = 1].
Since, y = e −2 when x = 1 4
2 (1, − 2), therefore
1 9
1 1
∴ e −2 . e 2 = + C ⇒ C = 0 (using Eq. (i)) − 2 = + C ⇒C = − 95 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the
2 2 4 4
x2 x ∴ Equation of required curve is differential equation
∴ y (xe 2 x ) = ⇒ y = e −2 x dy
2 2 4yx 2 = x 4 − 9. sin x + y cos x = 4x, x ∈(0, π).
dy 1 x Now, checking all the option, we get only dx
Now, = e −2 x + e −2 x (− 2) π π
dx 2 2
( 3, 0) satisfy the above equation. 
If y   = 0, then y   is equal to
 2  6
= e −2 x  − x  < 0,
1
2 
94 Let y = y (x) be the solution of the [JEE Main 2018]
4 −8 2
1
if < x < 1 [by using product rule of
differential equation, (a) π 2
(b) π
dy 9 3 9 3
2 x + y = x log e x, (x > 1). If 8 4
derivative] dx (c) − π 2 (d) − π 2
log e 2 −2 log e 2 2y (2) = log e 4 − 1, then y (e) is equal to 9 9
and y (log e 2) = e
2 [2019, 12 Jan. Shift-I] Ans. (c)
1 log 2 −2 dy
= log e 2 e e (a) −
e
(b) −
e2 We have, sin x + y cos x = 4x
2 2 2 dx
1 1 dy
= .log e 2⋅2−2 = log e 2 e e2 ⇒ + y cot x = 4x cosec x
2 8 (c) (d) dx
4 4
This is a linear differential equation of form
93 If a curve passes through the point Ans. (c) dy
+ Py = Q
(1, − 2) and has slope of the tangent Given differential equation is dx
x 2 − 2y dy
x + y = x log e x, (x > 1) where P = cot x, Q = 4x cosec x
at any point (x, y) on it as ,
Now, IF = e ∫ = e ∫
cotxdx
dx Pdx
= e logsin x = sinx
x
then the curve also passes through dy 1
⇒ + y = log e x …(i) Solution of the differential equation is
the point dx x
[2019, 12 Jan. Shift-II] y ⋅ sin x = ∫ 4x cosec x sin xdx + C
(a) ( 3, 0) Which is a linear differential equation.
⇒ y sin x = ∫ 4x dx + C = 2x 2 + C
(b) (− 1, 2)
1
∫ dx
So, if = e x
=e
log e x
=x π
(c) (− 2 , 1) Put x = , y = 0, we get
Now, solution of differential Eq. (i), is 2
(d) (3, 0) π2 π2
y × x = ∫ (log e x) x dx + C C=− ⇒ y sin x = 2x 2 −
Ans. (a) 2 2
x2 x2 1 π
We know that, slope of the tangent at ⇒ yx = log e x − ∫ × dx + C Put x =
any point (x, y) on the curve is 2 2 x 6
dy x 2 − 2y  1  π2  π2
= (given) [using integration by parts] ∴ y   = 2 −
dx x  2  36  2
x2 x2
dy 2 ⇒ yx = log e x − +C … (ii) π2 8 π2
⇒ + y=x …(i) 2 4 ⇒ y= − π2 ⇒ y = −
dx x 9 9
Given that, 2y (2) = log e 4 − 1 … (iii)
which is a linear differential equation of Alternate Method
dy On substituting, x = 2, in Eq. (ii), we get dy
the form + P (x) ⋅ y = Q (x), where, 4 4 We have, sin x + y cos x = 4x, which can
dx 2y (2) = log e 2 − + C, dx
2 2 4 d
P (x) = and Q (x) = x be written as (sin x ⋅ y) = 4x
x [where, y(2) represents value of y at x = 2] dx
Now, integrating factor ⇒ 2y (2) = log e 4 − 1 + C … (iv) On integrating both sides, we get
d
∫ dx (sin x ⋅ y) ⋅dx = ∫ 4x ⋅dx
2
∫ dx [Qmlog a = log a m ]
(IF) = e ∫
P ( x ) dx
=e x =e
2 log e x

From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get

 4x 2 dy
+ y = 2x log x, (x ≥ 1) Complete solution is
⇒ y ⋅ sin x = +C (x log x) 1 1
2 dx −
1 −

⇒ y ⋅ sin x = 2x 2 + C dy y x⋅e y
=∫
dy ⋅e y

π ⇒ + =2 y 3

Now, as y = 0 when x = dx x log x −

1 1
1 1 −
2
This is a linear differential equation. ⇒ x ⋅ e = ∫ ⋅ 2 ⋅ e y dy
y

π2 π2 y y
∴ C=− ⇒ y ⋅ sin x = 2x 2 − ∫
1
dx
2 2 ∴ IF = e x log x = e log(log x ) = log x Put
1 1
− = t ⇒ 2 dy = dt
π y y
Now, putting x = , we get Now, the solution of given differential
6 equation is given by −
1

 1  π2  π2 ⇒ xe y
= ∫ − t ⋅ e t dt
y   = 2 − y ⋅log x = ∫ log x ⋅2dx
 2  36  2 −
1

π2 8 π2 ⇒ y ⋅log x = 2∫ log x dx ⇒ xe y
= − {t ⋅ e t − ∫ 1⋅ e t dt } + C
⇒ y= − π2 = −
9 9 ⇒ y ⋅log x = 2[x log x − x] + c −
1

dy At x = 1, c = 2 ⇒ xe y
= − te t + e t + C
96 If (2 + sin x) + (y + 1) cos x = 0 and ⇒ y ⋅log x = 2[x log x − x] + 2 −
1 1 1
dx 1 − −
⇒ xe y
= ⋅e y + e y + C
π At x = e,
y(0) = 1, then y   is equal to
y
y = 2(e − e) + 2 ⇒ y = 2
 2 Q y ( 1) = 1
[JEE Main 2017]
98 Let the population of rabbits ∴ e −1 = e −1 + e −1 + C
1 2 1
(a) (b) − surviving at a time t be governed by ⇒ C=−
3 3 e
1 4 the differential equation 1 1 1
(c) − (d) dp (t) 1 −
1 − −
1
3 3 = p (t) − 200. If p(0) = 100, then ∴ xe y
= ⋅e y + e y −
dt 2 y e
Ans. (a) 1
dy p (t) is equal to [JEE Main 2014]
⇒ x=
1 1
+ 1 − ⋅e y
We have, (2 + sin x) + (y + 1) cos x = 0
dx (a) 400 − 300 e t / 2 y e
dy cos x − cos x (b) 300 − 200 e − t / 2
⇒ + y=
dx 2 + sin x 2 + sin x (c) 600 − 500 e t / 2 100 Solution of the differential equation
which is a linear differential equation. (d) 400 − 300 e − t / 2 π
cos x
cos xdy = y (sin x − y) dx , 0 < x < , is
∫
2 + sin x
dx Ans. (a) 2
∴ IF = e
dp 1 (a) sec x = (tan x + C ) y
( 2 + sin x ) − p (t) = −200
= e log dt 2 (b) y sec x = tan x + C [AIEEE 2010]
= 2 + sinx  1
∫ −   dt (c) y tan x = sec x + C
2
∴ Required solution is given by ⇒ IF = e = e − t /2 (d) tan x = (sec x + C ) y
− cos x Hence, p (t) ⋅ e − t / 2 = ∫ −200 ⋅ e − t / 2 dt Ans. (a)
y ⋅ (2 + sin x) = ∫ ⋅ (2 + sin x)dx + C
2 + sin x p (t) ⋅ e − t / 2 = 400 e − t / 2 + K Since, cos x dy = y sin x dx − y 2 dx
⇒ y (2 + sin x) = − sin x + C Q p (0) = 100 ⇒ K = −300 1 dy 1
⇒ − tan x = − sec x
Also, y(0) = 1 ∴ p (t) e − t /2
= 400 e − t /2
− 300 y 2 dx y

∴ 1(2 + sin0) = − sin0 + C ⇒ C = 2 ⇒ p (t) = 400 − 300 e t / 2 which is the Bernaulli’s form.
2 − sin x 1 1 dy dz
∴ y= 99 Consider the differential equation Put − =z ⇒ 2 =
2 + sin x
 1 y y dx dx
π y 2 dx +  x −  dy = 0. If y(1) = 1, then x
2 − sin dz
 π 2 =1  y ⇒ + (tan x) z = − sec x
⇒ y  = dx
 2  2 + sin π 3 is given by [AIEEE 2011]
2 This is a linear differential equation.
1 e 1/y 2 e 1/y
(a) 1 − + (b) 4 − − Therefore,
97 Let y (x) be the solution of the y e y e
IF = e ∫ = e log sec x = sec x
tan x dx

differential equation 1 e 1/y 1 e 1/y

(c) 3 − + (d) 1 + − Hence, the solution is
dy y e y e z ⋅ (sec x) = ∫ − sec x ⋅ sec x dx + C 1
(x log x) + y = 2x log x, (x ≥ 1). Then,
dx Ans. (d) = − ∫ sec2 x dx + C 1
y (e) is equal to [JEE Main 2015] dx 1 1 1
⇒ − sec x = − tan x + C 1
Here, + ⋅x = 3
(a) e (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 2e dy y 2 y y
Ans. (c) [linear differential equation in x] ⇒ sec x = y (tan x + C ) [put C = − C 1 ]
1 1
Given differential equation is ∫ 2
dy −
∴ IF = e y
=e y
 −1

101 The solution of the differential ⇒ 1 = log 1 + C or

dx
+
1
x=
e tan y
dy x + y ⇒ C=1 dy 1 + y 2
1 + y2
equation = satisfying
dx x ∴ y = x log x + x 1
∫1 + y2 dy
IF = e ∫
P dy −1

the condition y(1) = 1 is [AIEEE 2008] ∴ =e = e tan y

102 The solution of the differential ∴ Required solution,

(a) y = x log x + x
equation −1

(b) y = log x + x dy −1 x e tan

−1
y
=∫
e 2 tan y
dy + C 1
(c) y = x log x + x 2 (1 + y 2 ) + (x − e tan y ) = 0, is 1 + y2
dx
(d) y = xe (x − 1 ) [AIEEE 2003] Put t = tan−1 y ⇒ dt =
dy
Ans. (a) (a) (x − 2) = Ce −2 tan −1 y 1 + y2
−1
Given equation can be rewritten as (b) 2 xe tan
−1
y
= e 2 tan
−1
y
+C ∴ xe tan y
= ∫ e 2 t dt + C 1
dy 1
− ⋅y =1 (c) xe tan
−1
y
= tan−1 y + C −1 1 2t
dx x ⇒ x e tan y
= e + C1
−1 −1
2
−∫
1
dx 1 (d) xe 2 tan y
= e tan y
+C
Now, IF = e = e − log x = −1 1 −1
⇒ = e 2 tan y + C 1
x
xe tan y
x Ans. (b) 2
∴ Required solution, Given differential equation can be ⇒ 2xe tan
−1
y
= e 2 tan
−1
y
+ C [Qput 2C1 = C]
y   = ∫ dx = log x + C
1 1 rewritten as
 x x dx −1
(1 + y 2 ) + x = e tan y
Q y(1) = 1 dy