QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

- Making kwento without kwenta of a curtain

event or phenomenon.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
- Doing a kwenta with kwento of a certain
event or phenomenon.

RESEARCH
- Systematic and refined technique of a
thinking employing specialized tools,
instruments, and procedures in order to
obtain a more adequate solution to a
problem.

INQUIRY
- Act of asking questions. It is a process that
has the aim of augmenting knowledge,
resolving doubt or solving a problem. In the
dictionary, INQUIRY is synonymous with the
word INVESTIGATION. RESEARCH VARIABLES
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
INVESTIGATION ≡ INQUIRY - Observable and measurable element in an

- Is a systematic examination of a certain experiment, study or research

event or phenomenon. - Affected by change in the independent

variable.

IMMERSION
- Is a process whereby a researcher INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
immerses (deeply involves) himself in data - Is an element that influences

gathering activities and the data he has

gathered are carefully read or examined by Quantitative research generates unbiased

him in detail. data that can be explained in detail using

figures and stats. Researchers generally strive
to build a background knowledge of
performance and other occurrences
throughout various groups and settings.
Studies using numbers are frequently
efficient, precise, factual, and
understandable. One of the most trustworthy
ways to find answers to our questions about
who we are and the world around us is
through research. (sharing bright ideas 1.17)
RESEARCH DESIGN : “Parents' experiences and opinions on the
inclusions of their autistic children into
mainstream education in primary school.”
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
- Greyette (1983) explained that it explores
cause-and-effect relations by comparing SAMPLING
two or more similar groups.
- Method of selecting respondents or people
- Creswell (2012) defined it as an intervention
to answer questions meant to yield data for
study or group comparison study because of
research study.
its ability to test groups using different
intervention
SAMPLING PROCEDURES
- There are two main types of sampling:
Ex. : You may want to know what strategies
Probability and Non-Probability Sampling.
used by your Araling Panlipunan teacher
The difference between the two types is
works best for you.
whether or not the sampling selection
: An experimental study on the effectiveness
involves randomization. Randomization
of multimedia in college English teaching.
occurs when all members of the sampling
frame have an equal opportunity of being
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
selected for the study.
- Kowalczyk (2015) describes it as a study of
relationship among variables.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
- Its purpose is to figure out which variables
- The researcher used randomization and
are connected.
takes steps to ensure all members of a
population have a chance of being
CASUAL RESEARCH
selected.
- Looks into the cause-and-effect
relationship between variables.
SIMPLE OR PURE RANDOM SAMPLE
- Gives every member or unit of the
Ex. : The effect of preschool attendance on
population an equal chance to form a
social maturity at the end of the first grade.
sample.
: Ms. Andrea Danielle G. Balas ( MaEd
Mathematics Edition) “Career-Based
STRATIFIED SAMPLING
Mathematics Instruction: Effects on
- Ensures that different groups of an
Problem-Solving Skills and Academic
population are adequately represented in
Engagement of STEM Students.”
the sample, the population is divided into
subgroups (strata) and members are
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
randomly selected from each group.
- Seeks to describe the current status of an
identified variable.
SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
- Used when there is a ready list of the total
Ex. : Description of how second grade
population; uses a specific system to select
students spend their time during summer
vacation.
members such as every 10th person on an
alphabetical list.

CLUSTER RANDOM SAMPLING

- Divides the population into clusters. Clusters
are randomly selected and all members of
the cluster selected are sample.

CONVENIENCE OR ACCIDENTAL
SAMPLING
-

PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
- Members of a particular group purposely
choose the participants.

EXPERT SAMPLING
- Members considered to be high quality are
chosen for participation.

SNOWBALL SAMPLING
- Members are sampled and then asked to
help identify other members to sample and
this process continues until enough samples
are collected.